Theorizing Leisure's Roles in the Pursuit of Ikigai (Life Worthiness): A Mixed-Methods Approach

The purpose of this mixed-methods research project is to theorize the linkage between leisure experience and life worthiness, or what the Japanese call ikigai. A grounded theory analysis of photo-elicitation interview data from 27 Japanese university students led to the inductive development of a substantive theory. This theory was then tested based on online survey data collected from 669 Japanese students using structural equation modeling. Results indicate that leisure pursuits enhance students’ perception of ikigai when they are valued as enjoyable and/or effortful. Moreover, the balance between overall enjoyment and/or effort is found to be a key mediator in the relationship between valuable leisure experience and life worthiness. Ikigai comprises the subjective perceptions that one's daily life is worth living and that it is full of energy and motivation. Our findings are discussed in light of relevant leisure and well-being theories as well as their implications for practice.     

人民币钉住美元面临重大选择

很高兴参与这个项目,我今天主要和大家讨论一些与汇率相关的问题,提点建议:     

A sensitivity analysis of the stability properties of the QP commodity model

Empirical applications of the quadratic programming form of spatial equilibrium commodity model have proliferated recently. However, the quality and performance of this modeling methodology have received little attention either in the form of stability analysis or validation analysis. In particular, a legitimate sensitivity analysis of the stability properties of the optimal solutions of such mathematical models is lacking. This paper attempts to meet this, need by conducting a two-step sensitivity analysis. First, a mathematical derivation of the stability conditions is performed based on the Kuhn-Tucker theorem. Second, these conditions are then embodied in a three-way factorial analysis. Such an approach is considered valuable for conducting future sensitivity analyses of commodity models of this type, especially where the Monte Carlo technique is not applicable.