FAMILIES, TIME AND MONEY IN CANADA, GERMANY, SWEDEN, THE UNITED KINGDOM AND THE UNITED STATES

Using microdata from the Luxembourg Income Study, we assess "time crunch" for families with children in Canada, Germany, Sweden, the U.K. and the U.S. Both theory and empirical evidence suggest that both time and money are important inputs to the well-being of parents and children. We present cross-country comparisons of "total available adult hours" under different assumptions about the varying time needs of families of different size. We also present estimates of "time shortages." In all cases, we provide separate estimates for families located at different points in the country income distributions, since being short of both time and money is likely to be particularly problematic. Although paid work hours are highest for high-income families, we nonetheless find significant numbers of lower-income families in which parents work very long hours in the paid labor market; this is particularly the case in the U.S.     

消费文化、认知偏差与消费行为偏差

本文放松了理性经济人假设,在行为经济学双曲线贴现模型框架下,以"自我控制"认知偏差及相应的模型参数设定对东西方消费文化差异进行了技术表达,进而阐明了消费过度(欧美国家)和消费不足(东亚国家)这两类消费行为偏差的形成机制。本文采用全球48个国家和地区1978—2007年的面板数据,以儒家虚拟变量和性生活指数作为消费文化的替代变量检验了文化与消费的关系。结果表明,在解释东西方消费率差异时,预防性储蓄等传统理论的解释力远低于不可观测的国家个体效应。儒家虚拟变量和性生活指数能分别解释国家个体效应的28%和58%。这表明消费文化等不随时间改变的个体因素比传统变量更能解释各国居民的消费差异。实践层面上,双曲线贴现模型中锁定技术能有效纠正"自我控制"认知偏差,从而消解儒家文化对消费的深度抑制,可为扩大内需政策创新提供思路启发和技术支撑。     

2007年江苏经济形势分析与2008年展望

2007年江苏经济继续保持又好又快的发展态势,经济增长速度高位稳定,经济发展方式加快转变,经济增长的稳定性和协调性进一步增强。展望2008年,国内外经济环境总体上仍然有利,省内经济增长动力支撑依然强劲。江苏省宏观经济预测模型运行结果表明,2008年江苏经济将继续保持平稳较快运行的态势。     

营利性行为与非营利组织财务规制研究

文章根据非营利组织营利性行为趋势,结合中国社会组织网公布的非营利组织工作报告,指出我国非营利组织的营利性活动仍存在一些不规范行为,应当在财务管理上加以规范,以保证非营利组织营利性行为有章可依,有章必依。     

轨道平顺性综合分析系统的研究

全面、合理地对轨道平顺状态进行评估是保证铁路安全运营的必要条件之一。文章基于国内外轨道不平顺的研究进展,提出了轨道不平顺综合分析的思想,并采用系统功能模块化的设计思想,初步提出了一种用于轨道不平顺分析的综合系统。该系统包括轨道不平顺数据采集、轨道不平顺既有技术分析、轨道不平顺功率谱密度分析、轨道不平顺时频分析、车辆信息分析、轨道不平顺发展趋势预测、轨道不平顺综合评定和线路不平顺维修计划共8个模块。文章给出了一个实例,详细阐述了轨道不平顺功率谱密度分析模块的设计和实现,该模块包括轨道不平顺数据输入、轨道谱的计算、轨道谱的评判等3个小模块。     

基于“贡献价值系数”的人力资源个人价值评估模型设计

学术界迄今为止缺乏权威、公认的人力资源个人价值评估方法。本文以成都思盈科技有限公司作为实证样本,基于岗位相对权重与岗位绩效评估值,提出贡献价值系数这一指标,设计了一种新型的人力资源个人价值评估模型——贡献价值系数法。     

非平稳面板数据的非线性共同周期检验

经济变量的协同波动是学术界、宏观政策制定者长期关注的重要问题,本文将时间序列数据的共同周期检验方法扩展至面板数据,提出非平稳面板数据的非线性共同周期检验方法。本文根据数据特征,将共同周期划分为强降秩结构共同周期和弱降秩结构共同周期,分别在强降秩结构数据和弱降秩结构数据中提出共同周期检验统计量,并提出区分强降秩结构数据和弱降秩结构数据的统计量。研究结果表明,本文检验统计量的极限分布都是卡方分布,并且各检验统计量都表现出良好的有限样本性质,因此,本文提出的非平稳面板数据的非线性共同周期检验方法具有较高的实用性。     

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The Role of Information and Influence in Social Networks

A bstract .   This article examines two mechanisms through which social networks are related to job mobility: (1) access to diverse sources of information about job openings and (2) nonredundant sources of influence. Using data on job changing and social networks among television station managers, we assess the extent to which job information and influence variables mediate the relationship between social network structure and getting a better job. Results indicate that there is an association between job mobility and having nonredundant contacts, but our measures of the information and influence mechanisms are not significant mediators. We conclude by reexamining the network-resource model that forms the basis for much of the research on the relationship between social networks and job mobility.     

Financing Transit Systems Through Value Capture

A bstract .   Much of the literature on value capture reports empirical findings on the incidence of rising land values related to distance from a transit stop following the installation of rail transit improvements. This annotated bibliography shows that the elevated value effects of transit access are well documented. The authors maintain that it is now time for transit/land-use research to move from hypothesis testing to practical applications of value capture . Longitudinal models can help predict land-value increments over a period of time, yielding estimates of the total capturable revenues that would support the debt financing of transit improvement projects.