关于中国与OECD国家购买力平价比较研究结果及其评价

本文分析了中国购买力平价研究的背景,简要介绍了购买力平价测算的基本方法。在国家统计局以部分城市参加OECD1999年一轮购买力平价项目试验性合作研究的基础上,应用国际通用的方法,测算了1999年中国与OECD国家购买力平价比较的结果,即1美元=4.67元人民币,相当于当年汇率的57%;同时,介绍了国内外关于中国购买力平价研究的主要结果,分析它们之间存在差异的原因。通过对比分析认为,本研究结果基本合理,反映中国购买力平价研究的共同趋势。     

中部崛起的区域创新战略与政策研究

对目前普遍认同的3种中部崛起的战略途径进行了分析和评述,指出了各自的局限性。根据后发优势理论提出了中部崛起的区域创新战略,并探讨了中部区域创新战略的结构体系和基本内涵,明确了其对中部崛起的重要现实意义。随后从4个方面阐述了中部区域创新战略的发展思路,并针对目前中部地区科技与经济发展的情况,提出了相关的政策建议。     

西部经济和生态环境互动模式:产业互动视角的分析

西部地区生态环境的脆弱性决定了西部地区在工业化过程中不能走"先污染、后治理"的发展模式,而应该强化经济与生态环境的互动发展.产业互动是经济与生态环境互动发展的重要组成部分,产业互动的思路是按循环经济的理念推进产业结构优化,依据比较优势原则发展西部特色产业作为依托点,以建立生态工业园作为产业互动的新载体.     

高新技术企业的价值形成与评估特性

科技的发展使知识成为企业价值的最重要的财富,高新技术企业的迅速崛起是时代的必然,这使得高新技术企业备受关注。本文通过高新技术企业与传统企业的对比,总结出高新技术企业的评估特性,从而提出高新技术企业的价值可以反映为“两个阶段———即前几年高速增长期的价值和高速增长期后的稳定增长期的价值(又称连续价值)之和”的结论。     

区域经济一体化快速发展的经济学分析

近年来区域经济一体化组织得到迅猛发展:欧盟东扩的成功;亚太经合组织合作紧密化;中国—东盟自由贸易区的发展等等。为何许多国家正在加快经济一体化的步伐?经济一体化到底会给成员国经济带来哪些影响?文章旨在运用经济学的方法研究经济一体化快速发展的根本原因。     

掠过浮华,国美离『中国的沃尔玛』还有多远?

2004年,国美对外宣称“到2008年,国美的销售额要达到1200亿元左右.”而当年其销售额是238.8亿元.     

Top dominance and the possibility of strategy-proof stable solutions to matching problems

Summary This paper explores the possibility of designing strategy-proof mechanisms yielding satisfactory solutions to the marriage and to the college admissions problem. Our first result is negative. We prove that no strategy-proof mechanism can always choose marriages that are individually rational and Pareto efficient. This strengthens a result by Roth (1982) showing that strategy-proof mechanisms cannot always select stable marriages. The result also applies, a fortiori, to college admissions. Since finding difficulties with strategy-proofness is quite an expected result, we then address a second question which is classical within the incentives literature. Are there restrictions on the preferences of agents under which strategy-proof and stable mechanisms do exist? We identify a nontrivial restriction on the domain of preferences, to be called top dominance, under which there exist strategy-proof and stable mechanisms for both types of matching problems. The mechanisms turn out to be exactly those that derive from the most classical algorithms in the literature; namely, the women's optimal, the men's optimal and the student's optimal. Finally, top dominance is shown to be essentially necessary, as well as sufficient, for the existence of strategy-proof stable matching mechanisms.This work is partially supported by grant PB 89-0294, from the Directión General de Investigatión Ciencia y Tecnología of the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. Salvador Barberà is also grateful to the Instituto de Estudios Fiscales. This research was initiated while both authors were visting GREMAQ, Université des Sciencies Sociales, Toulouse, whose hospitality is gratefully acknowledged. The paper extends results that were circulated as GREMAQ W.P. 91.22.232. We are grateful to Matthew Jackson and Marilda Sotomayor for their comments.     

Employment shifts, economic reform and the changes in public/private sector wages in Mexico: 1987–1997

Over the last decade, the public sector in Mexico experienced substantial fiscal reform, divestiture of public enterprises, and the elimination of many regulations affecting pay and employment. This study analyzes the changes in the public/private sector differences in wages during the 1987–1997 period. The results from analyzing microdata from the Encuesta Nacional de Empleo Urbano show that relative public sector wages increased from 1987 to 1997. Most of the relative wage increase in the public sector can be explained by increases in the price of skills and by changes in sorting across sectors. The results have important public policy implications since they suggest that public sector workers earn more and their wages have grown faster than those of their private sector counterparts. As such, policies contemplating public sector reform should take into account the effect of these measures on the inter-sectoral income distribution and the overall economic growth. First version received: April 2000/Final version received: December 2000     

银行危机与货币危机共生性关系的实证研究

1 997— 1 998年的亚洲金融风暴中 ,银行危机与货币危机的同时爆发 ,即共生性危机的发生引发国际社会与学术界对这种现象的重新思考 :这种共生性现象是否确实具有普遍性 ?从理论的角度来看 ,银行危机与货币危机之间的确存在着一定的联系 ,但到目前为止 ,很少有研究从实证的角度来证明这种联系的确存在。正是基于此 ,本文从实证的角度出发 ,旨在揭示出银行危机与货币危机之间的确存在着相互影响 ,换言之 ,共生性危机的发生是具有显著性的。具体来说 ,本文以 1 975— 2 0 0 0年期间 53个国家危机的发生情况为研究对象 ,分别运用频率分布、信号法 ,以及概率回归模型来分析两种危机的共生性 ,并得到非常一致的结论 :在新兴市场国家中 ,银行危机与货币危机之间的确存在着明显的相互关系 ,同时银行危机更趋向于作为货币危机即将发生的同步或预警指标 ,而反之则不然。     

中国制造业资本存量永续盘存法估计

KLEMS 项目的目的是在北美,欧洲和亚洲进行生产率的多国比较。本文讨论了 KLEMS 研究中估计资本存量的基本方法一永续盘存法及其经济含义。在这个研究中,根据中国的现有数据,应用永续盘存法估计了1985—1995年间,中国制造业分部门的资本存量。本文详细地分析了估计中所使用的数据,并讨论了所使用的假设与必要的数据调整,以及这些假设与数据调整所可能带来的估计中的误差。