面向行为引导的高层次人才创业环境构建——突破我国高层次人才创业瓶颈期的政策设计

创业行动,尤其是高层次人才创业的规模和成功率,对提升我国整个社会的经济发展水平、经济结构调整优化、产业结构升级等具有不可替代的作用。创业过程可看成是一系列决策的制定、实施过程,并受创业企业高管团队结构的影响。该文针对我国各级政府在引导创业方面政策趋同、效果不佳,高层次人才创业遭遇瓶颈的现状,将创业绩效受损的原因区分为结构问题和环境问题两类,并提出针对性的政策建议。     

区域中心城市创新生态圈要素架构、生态特征与运行机制

区域中心城市创新生态圈以生物学为隐喻,注重发挥创新主体的能动作用,能够放大区域中心城市发展优势。在回顾创新生态圈理论渊源的基础上,界定区域中心城市创新生态圈内涵,明确创新生态圈要素构成;以企业聚集发展为逻辑起点,探讨区域中心城市创新生态圈生态特征;基于生态学、创新理论等跨学科知识,构建区域中心城市创新生态圈演进模型,探究其运行机制。研究认为,区域中心城市创新生态圈具有开放式协同、动态自调节、多样性共生、自组织演化等生态特征,其运行机制由协同共生机制、风险识别与防控机制、利益分配机制和环境匹配机制共同组成。     

边际工资补贴对区域经济的影响

The main research of this paper is the regional effects of marginal wage subsidies. Some regional economic issues are discussed such as production scales, operating profits, industry distribution, and expenditure distribution across the rich and poor regions. It is proven that, marginal wage subsidies improve the employment and raise the industrial share of the poor region, but meanwhile the expenditure share in the rich region increases for marginal wage subsidies. It is also showed that, the relationship between the effectiveness of marginal wage subsidies and the level of openness to trade is ambiguous when the wage level is very high, however, if the wage level is low enough thus marginal wage subsidies can cause relatively large employment increase, marginal wage subsidies cooperating with freer trade policy would be more effective.      

虚拟组织持续创新:内涵、本质与机理

互联网技术革命及消费者需求的不断更新推动了虚拟组织的诞生与发展,作为新型的价值创造系统,虚拟组织以核心能力为结点,能够集成整合价值链上的优势资源,紧抓市场机遇,持续为客户创造价值。首先,厘清了虚拟组织持续创新的内涵与本质。在此基础上,分别论述了虚拟组织持续创新的4大构件即创新动力、创新过程、学习能力与界面管理,及其之间的交互作用,提出了虚拟组织持续创新的运行机理,旨在深化对虚拟组织持续创新的研究和认识。     

Component efficient solutions in line-graph games with applications

Recently, applications of cooperative game theory to economic allocation problems have gained popularity. We investigate a class of cooperative games that generalizes some economic applications with a similar structure. These are the so-called line-graph games being cooperative TU-games in which the players are linearly ordered. Examples of situations that can be modeled like this are sequencing situations and water distribution problems. We define four properties with respect to deleting edges that each selects a unique component efficient solution on the class of line-graph games. We interpret these solutions and properties in terms of dividend distributions, and apply them to economic situations. This research has been done while the third author was visiting Tinbergen Institute at the Free University, Amsterdam. The research is part of the Research Programme “Strategic and Cooperative Decision Making” at the Department of Econometrics. Financial support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) in the framework of the Russian-Dutch programme for scientific cooperation, is gratefully acknowledged. The third author also appreciates partial financial support from the Russian Leading Scientific Schools Fund (grant 80.2003.6) and Russian Humanitarian Scientific Fund (grant 02-02-00189a). We thank three anonymous referees for their valuable comments.     

控制微机中键盘与显示的硬件和软件设计

本文分析了控制微机的基本工作流程,介绍了键盘和显示接口的硬件设计特点和计算公式,给出了键盘的处理程序的设计及使用方法.     

美国加州财政危机对我国地方债务风险管理的启示

加利福尼亚州是美国经济最发达的州,相当于世界第八大经济体,然而近年来加州政府却挣扎在濒临破产的边缘。长期的入不敷出是导致加州财政危机的直接原因,但背后却隐藏着美国联邦财政体制、税制结构、福利模式、两党政治博弈、三权分立的行政效率等深层次的原因。加州财政危机是美国政治、经济、社会的体制矛盾的集中反映。近年我国地方政府债务规模迅速增大,高速的经济增长掩盖了大量风险。加州财政危机对治理我国地方债务风险具有重要的借鉴意义。     

贫困大学生不良就业心态分析及对策研究

贫困大学生是一个值得关注的高校弱势群体。文章从贫困大学生不良心态的主要表现入手,在对产生原因进行分析的基础上,从教育管理、就业指导、心理调适三方面提出了建议,以期引起社会对贫困大学生心理的关注和就业的支持。     

Healthcare burden and reimbursement of hospitalization during chemotherapy for adults with Ph-negative relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in France: a retrospective chart review

Objective: Philadelphia chromosome negative [Ph(?)] relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an extremely rare condition requiring intensive treatment. This retrospective chart review aimed to quantify hospitalizations and reimbursement in this patient population in France.

Methods: Patients aged ≥18 years and with at least one hospitalization for Ph(?) R/R B-precursor ALL were included in the study. They were relapsed with first remission lasting <12 months, relapsed after first salvage therapy, relapsed any time after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), or were refractory to initial or salvage therapy. Data were collected from the index date (first diagnosis of R/R ALL) until death or loss to follow-up. The chemotherapy period was defined as the first chemotherapy date after the index date to the earliest of death, loss to follow-up, last chemotherapy dose plus 30 days, or initiation of HSCT. The primary outcome was the percentage of time hospitalized during the chemotherapy period.

Results: Thirty-three patients were included, with a mean age of 49 years. The mean proportion of time spent in the hospital during the chemotherapy period was 46% (95% CI =34–57%). Patients had a mean of 2.2 (SD =1.5) inpatient hospitalizations and the mean length of stay per hospitalization was 16.8 (SD =14.8) days. During the chemotherapy period, the mean amount reimbursed per hospitalization was €31 067 (SD = €4850) and the total hospitalization reimbursement per patient was €68 344. From the index date to death, excluding HSCT, the total reimbursement per patient was €108 873.

Limitations: The sample size was small, although this was expected given the rarity of the patient population.

Conclusions: Adults with Ph(?) R/R B-precursor ALL had repeated and prolonged hospitalizations during salvage chemotherapy. Approximately half the follow-up period was spent in the hospital, and this time was associated with high economic burden in France.     

Trade credit in SMEs: a quantile regression approach

This article analyses the determinants of the trade credit in Spanish manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from a new perspective. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between trade credit and other relevance financial resources: bank credit and self-financing. For the first time in the literature, a quantile regression approach is used, which takes into account the heterogeneity of firms in different quantiles of trade credit distribution. Our results show that the relationship between trade credit and other financial sources presents dissimilarities, including differences in sign, on SMEs with different degrees of trade credit. Our findings help to clarify the confusing results achieved in previous research on this topic.