深圳市长途公路客运市场的现状思考

改革开放以来,深圳市的经济取得了跳跃式的发展,GDP从1978年建市时的不到2亿增长到2004年的3422.8亿元。伴随着经济的增长,深圳市的城市人口总量也在爆炸式的膨胀。每年都有大批来自全国各地的人群涌入深圳寻找工作机会,再加上珠三角区域间的合作日益频繁,大大刺激了深圳市长途客运市场的持续繁荣。然而,受自身条件的特点和地理位置的限制,深圳始终无法大力发展铁路客运,加上民航、水运自身特点的限制性,使得长途客运市场严重依靠公路客运。据2004年深圳统计年鉴显示,深圳汽车客运占了长途客运市场的8成以上。一、公路客运市场当前的主要…     

海南省居民个人收结汇快速增长问题探析

本文介绍了近几年来海南省居民个人外汇的收汇、结汇变化情况,阐明收汇、结汇增长较快的原因,指出其中隐含的问题,并提出了一些相关的建议。     

技术进步、产业结构、能源消费结构与中国能源效率——基于岭回归的分析

分析了技术进步、产业结构和能源消费结构三个指标共11个影响因素与能源效率之间的关系,并运用岭回归方法进行了实证研究。结果表明：技术进步显著地与能源效率正相关,技术进步会提高能源效率;第二产业比重的提高会降低能源效率;煤炭消费比重提高也会降低能源效率,而石油消费比重提高则会提高能源效率。此外,经济发展水平、对外开放和市场化均会显著地改善能源效率。     

中国茶产业现状及发展趋势分析

具有5 000年历史、历经兴衰而又绵延不断的中国茶产业如何得以发展,今后将如何发展值得关注和探讨。在WTO条件下,中国茶产业的经济活动受制于国内与国际两大环境,也取决于自身的优势和弱势。该文从茶产业构成要素及产业门类两方面分别分析评价了我国茶产业自身的优势、薄弱点,以及在WTO条件下所面临的外部环境机遇、威胁,最后,探讨了中国茶产业未来发展趋势。     

Managerial ties and firm performance in an emerging economy: Tests of the mediating and moderating effects

Although the literature documents the direct effects of managerial ties on firm performance, the empirical results are divergent and inconclusive. To explain these disparities, this study (1) develops and tests a model that establishes the role of external resource acquisition as a salient mediating mechanism through which managers’ business and political ties influence firm performance; and (2) examines the moderating role of environmental turbulence that further explains the impact of managerial ties on resource acquisition (the mediator). Results from a survey of 253 firms in China indicate that resource acquisition plays a partial mediating role in the relationships between the two sub-dimensions of managerial ties and firm performance. Environmental turbulence shows a curvilinear (i.e., inverted U-shaped) moderating effect on the business ties–resource acquisition relationship, whereas it dampens the positive effect of political ties on resource acquisition. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.     

Behind ownership decision of Chinese outward FDI: Resources and institutions

This paper examines ownership decision of Chinese outward foreign direct investment (FDI) with a focus on the choice between a wholly owned subsidiary and a joint venture entry mode. Based on literature review and findings from our case study of ten Chinese outward investing firms, we develop a conceptual framework that integrates the resource-based and institution-based views of international business strategy. The framework reflects special characteristics of Chinese outward FDI. On the resource side, Chinese outward FDI is both asset exploiting and asset augmenting, and accordingly, both transaction costs and strategic intents have an impact on the FDI ownership decision of Chinese firms. On the institution side, when investing overseas, Chinese firms adjust their entry strategies to attain regulative and normative institutional legitimacy in host countries. Meanwhile, they also need to comply with the rules set by the Chinese government, which provide incentives to and impose restrictions on Chinese firms’ FDI ownership decisions.     

《C语言程序设计》案例教学及其考核方法研究

实验及实践教学是培养应用型人才的重要环节,科学而有效的考核方法是实践教学环节质量的保证。在软件研发的高级语言中,C语言占有重要的地位,并且是计算机软、硬件相关专业的基础课程。教师应采用恰当的考核方式,并加以适当引导,结合独立本科院校学生实际情况,现探讨案例教学方法及其考核方案,以提高C语言课程的教学质量。     

中国高新技术企业研发溢出与公司股票收益率:基于吸收能力的实证研究

高新技术企业是中国创新体系中的重要创新主体,其研发活动能够在创新系统中形成溢出效应并影响其它企业的创新活动。运用随机前沿生产函数模型估算高新技术企业对外部研发溢出的吸收能力,利用2009-2015年企业的财务数据和股票行情数据,检验了企业对外部研发溢出的吸收能力对其长期股票收益率的影响。结果表明,在长期层面,企业对外部研发溢出的吸收对其股票收益率有正向滞后性影响。同时,在一定时期内,研发投入对企业吸收能力具有显著正向影响。     

Factors affecting agricultural land transfer-in in China: a semiparametric analysis

We use interview survey data collected randomly from 2677 farm households in nine provinces of China to understand the role of demographic, economic, land, and village characteristics on agricultural land transfer-in by farmers. Results show that variables such as borrowing from informal sources, household labour availability, percentage of total income from agricultural sources, and the household with village cadre have significant positive effects on land transfer-in. Low economic development and low transportation network availability in a county reduces land transfer-in. We also find that two variables (land holding and land idling) should be entered into the model nonparametrically. Land holding and land idling have U- and L-shaped impacts on land transfer-in, respectively. Land transfer-in has endowment equilibrium and provides Chinese households more opportunities to earn agricultural income, thereby reducing rural poverty.     

A cost-effectiveness analysis of revaccination and catch-up strategies with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in older adults in Japan

Objective: In Japan, the National Immunization Program (NIP) includes PPV23 as the primary vaccination for adults and catch-up cohorts. The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases recommends revaccination for older adults who received primary vaccination ≥5 years earlier. The cost-effectiveness of adding revaccination and/or continuing catch-up vaccination in the NIP was evaluated from the public payer perspective in Japan.

Methods: The Markov model included five health states: no pneumococcal disease, invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD), non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP), post-meningitis sequelae, and death. Cohorts of adults aged 65–95 were followed until age 100 or death: 2014 cohort (aged 65–95, vaccinated: 2014); 2019 cohort (aged 65: 2019); and 2019 catch-up cohort (aged 70–100: 2019, unvaccinated: 2014). Strategies included: (1) vaccinate 2014 and 2019 cohorts; (2) vaccinate 2014 and 2019 cohorts and revaccinate both; (3) strategy 1 and vaccinate 2019 catch-up cohort; (4) strategy 2 and vaccinate 2019 catch-up cohort; and (5) strategy 4 and revaccinate 2019 catch-up cohort. Parameters were retrieved from global and Japanese sources, costs and QALYs discounted at 2%, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) estimated.

Results: Strategy 1 had the highest number of IPD and NBPP cases, and strategy 5 the lowest. Strategies 3–5 dominated strategy 1 and strategy 2 was cost-effective compared to strategy 1 (ICER: ¥1,622,153 per QALY gained). At a willingness-to-pay threshold of ¥5 million per QALY gained, strategy 2 was cost-effective and strategies 3–5 were cost-saving compared to strategy 1.

Conclusions: Strategies including revaccination, catch-up, or both were cost-effective or cost-saving in comparison to no revaccination and no catch-up. Results can inform future vaccine policies and programs in Japan.