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101.
Nil Özçağlar-Toulouse Amina Béji-Bécheur Matthieu Gateau Philippe Robert-Demontrond 《Journal of Business Ethics》2010,92(2):205-216
In France, Fair Trade arrived on the scene in the late twentieth century, and since then has passed through several experimental phases before becoming an enduring “realistic” economic alternative. To understand the transformation, this article defines Fair Trade as a social construct issues and tensions of which change depending on the point of entry. By conducting a secondary analysis of several data sets from varied sources, including documentary material, interviews, and observations, the authors trace the history of Fair Trade in France, define its introduction as a system, describe its institutionalization, and contribute to a greater understanding of how its ideals have changed and become more professional over time. The analyses reveal that the term “Fair Trade” has become ambiguous, spanning divergent and conflicting ideas and projects, including opening and closing conventional market systems and alter-globalization and anti-globalization. 相似文献
102.
This paper examines effects of academic networks in a Stackelberg differential game between journal editors and authors. Authors
choose research papers to maximize satisfaction, while editors determine research quality to maximize journal reputation.
Verifying the system for stability, results show that academic networks neither affect the number of publications nor the
quality of an author’s papers. Networks only affect the number of an author’s citations. Editors’ preferences for publishing
an author because of her network membership seem irrelevant. This happens because editors compete to increase their journal’s
reputation by publishing high quality papers. Consequently, there is little room for editorial bias. Further, increased journal
competition has the potential to erode the citation gains. The equilibrium research quality is below the maximum possible
quality. Increases in publication benefits are shown to leave citations unaffected, increase the number of publications, and
decrease research quality. The results generally carry through when publishing markets tend to a monopoly. 相似文献
103.
Ramiro Gonçalves José Martins Jorge Pereira Manuel Au-Yong Oliveira João José P. Ferreira 《Journal of Business Ethics》2013,113(2):363-375
The research team measured the enterprise web accessibility levels of the Forbes 250 largest enterprises using the fully automatic accessibility evaluation tool Sortsite, and presented the compliance of the evaluated websites to WCAG 1.0, WCAG 2.0 and Section 508 accessibility levels. Given the recent attention to organizational leaders having ethical duties towards their dedicated employees, we propose that ‘societal citizenship behaviour’ concerns ethical duties of organizational leaders towards society in general and in particular to those who have less means to assert their needs. In effect, we found enterprise website accessibility levels to be in need of significant improvement. An interpretation of a positive path forward to better enterprise website accessibility levels is put forth based on a focus-group interaction and using BNML—a novel Business Narrative Modelling Language. 相似文献
104.
Private placements provided by institutional or individual accredited investors are becoming an important financing tool for small public firms worldwide. However, private placement issuers offer poor average returns. We explain this puzzle using 2,987 traditional private placements by Canadian small public firms over a decade. We observe significant long-run post-issue underperformance using a classic factor pricing model. This underperformance is partially erased when the returns are adjusted to consider the issuers’ high level of investment, and to include the discount granted to private investors. We split the sample by the glamour/value dimension and by the firms’ investment activity. Only glamour firms with high investment activity underperform in the long run. Private investors obtain positive returns on placements in value and high investment firms. However, they overestimate investment projects of glamour firms. 相似文献
105.
Vassilis Monastiriotis Niamh Hardiman Aidan Regan Chiara Goretti Lucio Landi J. Ignacio Conde-Ruiz Carmen Marín Ricardo Cabral 《Intereconomics》2013,48(1):4-32
Since the onset of the sovereign debt crisis, the crisis-stricken countries in Europe have been pushed to take drastic steps to consolidate their finances and reduce their budget deficits. Despite strong public opposition and largely damaging short-run effects, the countries have undertaken many of the internationally recommended/mandated reforms and spending cuts. In this Forum, authors from Greece, Ireland, Italy, Spain and Portugal report on the fiscal consolidation achieved in their respective countries — and the sacrifices that have made it possible. Furthermore, the authors detail what remains to be done to resolve the crisis. 相似文献
106.
Ricardo Ernst Jose Ignacio López-Sánchez David Urbano 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2009,18(5):499-517
This paper analyzes, in the context of negotiation, the problem of coordination and conflict resolution between the manufacturer
(Seller) and the retailers (Buyers) for a two-tier inventory system. The retailers capture demand (from customers) and therefore
are responsible for the level of service offered by the system. The larger the inventory that a retailer has of a particular
product, the lower the probability of running out of stock and therefore, avoid the possibility of a lost sale for the manufacturer.
A conflict arises (and therefore the negotiation process starts) when the manufacturer wants the retailer to increase the
level of service while retailers are satisfied with the status quo. Using the Nash bargaining solution, we develop a theoretical
framework that incorporates behavioral dimensions and predicts the outcome of “sharing” the profit. The results indicate the
advantage of developing long term relationships among the members of the distribution channel to minimize the uncertainty
and therefore the source of conflict. 相似文献
107.
Labour economists typically assume that pay differences between occupations can be explained with variations in productivity. The empirical evidence on the validity of this assumption is surprisingly thin and subject to various potential biases. The authors use matched employer-employee panel data from Belgium for the years 1999–2006 to examine occupational productivity-wage gaps. They find that occupations play distinct roles for remuneration and productivity: while the estimations indicate a significant upward-sloping occupational wage-profile, the hypothesis of a flat productivity-profile cannot be rejected. The corresponding pattern of over- and underpayment stands up to a series of robustness tests. 相似文献
108.
This paper is concerned with the study of insurance related derivatives on financial markets that are based on nontradable underlyings, but are correlated with tradable assets. We calculate exponential utility‐based indifference prices, and corresponding derivative hedges. We use the fact that they can be represented in terms of solutions of forward‐backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDE) with quadratic growth generators. We derive the Markov property of such FBSDE and generalize results on the differentiability relative to the initial value of their forward components. In this case the optimal hedge can be represented by the price gradient multiplied with the correlation coefficient. This way we obtain a generalization of the classical “delta hedge” in complete markets. 相似文献
109.
110.
Mário Lino Barata Raposo João J. Matos Ferreira Arminda M. Finisterra do Paço Ricardo J. A. Gouveia Rodrigues 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(4):485-504
The identification of the entrepreneurs’ characteristics and the knowledge of the entrepreneurial profile of university students
have been assuming a growing importance in the development of educational programs directed towards the entrepreneurship and
start-up processes. This study aims to identify the factors that most contribute for the intention to start up a business.
The research also tries to identify the profile of a potential entrepreneur student concerning several characteristics: personal
attributes, family, demographic variables and motivations. Research findings include the idea that entrepreneurship education
is the most relevant factor in what concerns the propensity to business creation. On the other side, personal characteristics
have an important role in shaping motivation to start-up a business and perceived hurdles have a negative impact in the intention
to start-up. The results may be relevant when developing an adequate educational program directed to the entrepreneurship
education and start-up processes. 相似文献