A note on comparative downside risk aversion

We provide comparative global conditions for downside risk aversion, which are similar to the ones studied by Ross for risk aversion. We define a coefficient of downside risk aversion, and study its local properties.     

Quantitative methods for the economic valuation of a cultural tourism destination: case study of the Pisa Charterhouse

Quality & Quantity - This paper aims to provide an economic valuation of the Pisa Charterhouse, a renowned monastic complex built in the fourteenth century, located in the Tuscany region of...     

Selection of a Representative Value Function for Robust Ordinal Regression in Group Decision Making

In this paper, we introduce the concept of a representative value function in a group decision context. We extend recently proposed methods UTA^GMS-GROUP and UTADIS^GMS-GROUP with selection of a compromise and collective preference model which aggregates preferences of several decision makers (DMs) and represents all instances of preference models compatible with preference information elicited from DMs. The representative value function is built on results of robust ordinal regression, so its representativeness can be interpreted in terms of robustness concern. We propose a few procedures designed for multiple criteria ranking, choice, and sorting problems. The use of these procedures is conditioned by both satisfying different degrees of consistency of the preference information provided by all DMs, as well as by some properties of particular decision making situations. The representative value function is intended to help the DMs to understand the robust results, and to provide them with a compromise result in case of conflict between the DMs.     

A model of dumping and protectionism in the United States

Zusammenfassung Dumping und Protektionismus in den Vereinigten Staaten-ein Modell. — Der Autor untersucht die Beziehung zwischen Antidumpingma\nahmen und dem neuen Protektionismus, reformuliert und erweitert die Theorie des Dumping und sch?tzt ein Modell mit simultanen Gleichungen, um die Ursachen und Wirkungen von Antidumpingma\nahmen in den Vereinigten Staaten zu überprüfen. Der empirische Test des Modells zeigt, da\ die Durchdringung des amerikanischen Marktes mit Importwaren negativ korreliert ist mit dem Prozentsatz der erfolgreichen Antr?ge auf Antidumpingma\nahmen, aber positiv mit der überbewertung des Dollar und dem Grad an Offenheit der US-Wirtschaft. Die Zahl der registrierten Antidumpingantr?ge steht in direktem Verh?ltnis zum wirtschaftlichen Wachstum der Vereinigten Staaten im Vergleich zu anderen Industriel?ndern, und der Prozentsatz der erfolgreichen Antidumpingantr?ge ist negativ korreliert mit der Handelsbilanz, der H?he des Volkseinkommens und der Anzahl der registrierten Antidumpingantr?ge.

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Résumé Un modèle du dumping et du protectionisme aux Etats-Unis. — Cette étude examine les relations entre l’action anti-dumping et le nouveau protectionisme, revise et étend la théorie du dumping et estime un modèle d’équations simultanées pour examiner les causes et les effets de l’action anti-dumping aux Etats-Unis. Le test empirique du modèle démontre que la pénétration de l’importation dépend (i) de sens inverse du rapport des requêtes anti-dumping déposées, mais couronnées de succès et (ii) de sens positif de la surévaluation du dollar et du degré que l’économie américaine est ouverte. Le nombre des requêtes anti-dumping déposées dépend directement du croissance économique des Etats-Unis en relation aux autres pays industriels. Le rapport des requêtes anti-dumping dépend de sens inverse de la balance commerciale, du niveau du produit domestique et du nombre des requêtes anti-dumping déposées.

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Resumen Un modelo de dumping y proteccionismo para los EE UU. — Este trabajo examina la relatión entre una medida antidumping y el nuevo proteccionismo, reformula y extiende la teoria del antidumping y estima un modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas para estudiar las causas y efectos de medidas antidumping en los EE UU. El test empirico del modelo muestra (1) que la penetration con importaciones esta inversamente relacionada con el porcentaje de peticiones antidumping exitosas registradas y afectadas positivamente por la sobrevaluación del dólar y el grado de apertura de la economia de los EE UU, (2) que el numéro de peticiones antidumping registradas esta relacionado directamente con el credimiento de los EE UU relativo al de otros pa?ses industriales, y (3) que el porcentaje de peticiones antidumping exitosas está inversamente relacionado con el balance comercial, el nivel de ingreso nacional real y el núméro de peticiones antidumping registradas.

     

The global economic consequences of the Uruguay Round

This paper examines the provisions of the recently completed Uruguay Round and evaluates the qualitative and quantitative effects of the Round on major countries and regions of the world. The implications of the Uruguay Round are measured using the G-cubed multicountry model. This model captures macroeconomic and sectoral linkages within the global economy. This study differs from other studies in that it considers the dynamic adjustment path, the impact of expectations formation, and the sectoral as well as macroeconomic consequences of the Round. The results are compared with other studies of the Uruguay Round. Ignoring major changes in productivity induced by the Round, it is found that the gains to the world economy are likely to be around $200 billion (1990) per year by the year 2000. The distribution of the gains across regions from the Round differ from other studies because of the adjustment of international capital flows. Private capital flows to regions that undertake the most extensive liberalization initially worsen their trade positions. In regions that liberalize less and experience a capital outflow, the production gains tends to be less than conventional studies find. The adjustment of private capital has important implications for exchange rates, and therefore for the adjustment of the international trading system over the decade of the implementation of the Round.     

Robustness of Forecasting Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies with Data Revisions—A Note

Data revisions routinely introduced by the World Bank can lead to significant revisions in empirical results. We show this by re-estimating our aggregate indicator for predicting the 1997 Asian crisis utilizing the 1999 and 2004 updates of the 1996 World Bank data and comparing these results to those we obtained (this Journal, 2000) for predicting the same event using the original, unrevised, 1996 World Bank data. Since most data-gathering organizations routinely revise their data, this may represent a much greater problem for policy makers than might be recognized.     

On Crop Biodiversity, Risk Exposure, and Food Security in the Highlands of Ethiopia

This paper investigates the effects of crop genetic diversity on farm productivity and production risk in the highlands of Ethiopia. Using a moment-based approach, the analysis uses a stochastic production function capturing mean, variance, and skewness effects. Welfare implications of diversity are evaluated using a certainty equivalent, measured as expected income minus a risk premium (reflecting the cost of risk). We find that the effect of diversity on skewness dominates its effect on variance, meaning that diversity reduces the cost of risk. The analysis also shows that the beneficial effects of diversity become of greater value in degraded land.