Constitutional craftsmanship and the rule of law

Is “rule of law” anything more than a fictional allusion? After all, “law” is an abstract noun, and abstract nouns can’t rule. Only people can rule. The conceptual framework of constitutional political economy invokes a central distinction between choosing rules and playing within those rules. Claims on behalf of a rule of law require a sharp distinction between the enforcement of agreed-upon rules and arbitrary changes in those rules. This paper explores whether there are constitutional arrangements under which it could reasonably be claimed that governance reflects a deep level operation of a rule of law despite the surface level recognition that it is men who rule. With the exercise of rulership being a social process and not a matter of individual action, the network pattern through which rules are enforced takes on particular significance. In particular, polycentric architectures are generally more consistent with rule of law than monocentric architectures.     

Shedding light on the CMO revolving door: a study of the antecedents of Chief Marketing Officer turnover

Investigating Chief Marketing Officer (CMO) tenure through a longitudinal study of the antecedents of CMO turnover, the authors find that CMO turnover increases if firms’ sales growth is poor, while profitability has a similar though smaller effect when a new CEO is appointed, highlighting marketing’s contextual role vis-à-vis performance metrics. Coupled with other results related to industry sales growth and stability that make CMO turnover less likely, these findings underscore marketing’s demand- or customer-facing role in the firm. The authors also show that some of these results are distinct to turnover among CMOs compared to other top management team (TMT) executives. While this research does show support for extant theory, its focus on the CMO within the TMT results in important contributions to the turnover literature. These include the inverted-U effect of TMT marketing experience on CMO turnover and the nuanced attenuation by CMO insider-ness of a similar relationship between CMO tenure and turnover. Overall, the results lead to important practical implications for managing CMO turnover.     

A nonsymmetric responding logistic model for forecasting technological substitution

This article presents a simple model of technological substitution termed as nonsymmetric responding logistic (NSRL). Based on the theory that substitution is an imitation process, the model can accommodate different patterns of technological substitution by allowing the imitation effect to vary over time systematically. It allows the S-curve to be symmetrical as well as nonsymmetrical, with the point of inflection responding to the substitution process. Data from four medical innovations are analyzed to illustrate the generality of the model.     

Innovation diffusion: A deterministic model of space-time integration with physical analog

This paper extends a fundamental temporal diffusion model to integrate space and time dimensions of the diffusion of innovation. The analogous developments in physical sciences are compared and it is demonstrated that the proposed model may be the first step in linking the concept of catalysts in physical science diffusion processes to the role of change agents in social science systems.     

衰退期的家族企业远见

正在任何行业,一个品牌要成功,新品开发应占到30%—40%的因素。家族企业主动进取的举动显然有益:在较少竞争时进行品牌差异化更容易,而且在衰退期推出的产品在经济恢复时具有先发制人的优势一些研究显示,家族管理制企业在经济成长期的表现比职业经理人管理的企业好。然而涨潮时人人皆是弄潮儿,水落石出、惟强者生存的经济衰退期,家族企业的表现又如何呢?     

Driven to Be Good: A Stakeholder Theory Perspective on the Drivers of Corporate Social Performance

Despite growing evidence of the benefits to a firm of improving corporate social performance (CSP), many firms vary significantly in terms of their CSP activities. This research investigates how the characteristics of the stakeholder landscape influence a firm’s CSP breadth. Using stakeholder theory, we specifically propose that several factors increase the salience and impact of stakeholders’ demands on the firm and that, in response to these factors, a firm’s CSP will have greater breadth. A firm’s CSP breadth is operationalized as the number of different sub-domains of CSR for which a firm has taken positive actions and is captured using a unique dataset from Kinder, Lydenburg, and Domini (KLD). This data set includes positive and negative firm actions across more than 35 different dimensions of socially responsible behavior. Findings based on a longitudinal, multi-industry sample of 447 US firms during the period from 2000 to 2007 demonstrate that firms which: (1) have greater sensitivity to stakeholder needs as a result of the firm’s strategic emphasis on marketing and/or value creation, (2) face greater diversity of stakeholder demands, and (3) encounter a greater degree of scrutiny or risk from stakeholder action have a greater breadth of CSP in response to the stakeholder landscape that they face.     

Impact of telework on exhaustion and job engagement: a job demands and job resources model

Teleworking, the increasingly common practice, which involves working away from the office using technology, entails changes in the experience of work. Such changes may influence the demands and resources associated with a job. While research on burnout has addressed the role of exhaustion and job engagement using the Job Demands‐Resources model, existing literature has focused on traditional work modes. This paper explores the effects on job demands and resources to understand the processes through which telework impacts the exhaustion and engagement of the teleworker. We find that the positive effect of telework revolves around reduced work pressure and role conflict and increased autonomy. The negative effect of telework is expressed through increased role ambiguity and reduced support and feedback. Overall, we find that telework is negatively related to both exhaustion and job engagement and that job demands and resources mediate these relationships.