我国弱势群体权益维护问题探析

在我国经济社会发生巨大变革的转型时期,我国社会出现了一个主要由农民、残障人群、失业人群、老年群体等人群组成的弱势群体,他们在社会、政治生活中处于不利地位,权益受到公权力和强势群体的侵害,维权之路坎坷艰辛。弱势群体是影响稳定大局的重要因素,维护弱势群体权益的主要措施有转变政府职能、完善社会制度,疏通、拓宽利益表达渠道,大力发展弱势群体组织等。     

利益集团影响下的中美知识产权贸易摩擦的诱发机制

文章首先分析了中美知识产权摩擦的现状,然后从利益集团的视角分析了知识产权保护政策的需求和供给的形成过程,并在此基础上剖析了中美之间两种不同类型的知识产权贸易摩擦的诱发机制。研究结论认为：中国和美国的产业利益集团从自身的经济利益出发形成了不同的知识产权保护需求,政府从政治捐赠和总福利水平效用最大化的角度出发形成了知识产权保护政策的供给,形成了制度层面和产品层面的知识产权贸易摩擦的诱发机制。     

基于因子分析的创意产业区影响因素模型研究——以杭州四大创意产业区为例

本文在对国内外相关文献研究的基础上,结合创意产业区本身的特征,通过对杭州四大创意产业区的实地调研,探索性地提出了杭州创意产业区形成与发展的影响因素,包括创意本身的特征、创新环境、网络环境和政府支持等四个维度.通过实证研究验证并构建了创意产业区形成与发展的影响因素模型,最后给出了提升杭州创意产业区发展的政策建议.     

Trade policy and specialization in developing countries

This paper examines the impact of trade policy on specialization patterns in ten Latin American countries over the period 1985–1998. These countries are natural case studies because in the last decades they implemented comprehensive trade liberalization programs, both generally and preferentially, starting from relatively high tariff protection levels. Our econometric results suggest that reducing own most favored nation tariffs is associated with increasing manufacturing production specialization. Furthermore, we find that preferential trade liberalization and differences in the degree of unilateral openness have resulted in increased dissimilarities in manufacturing production structures across countries. These results are robust across specialization measures and estimation methods.

目前我国土地利用规划决策新趋势

土地利用规划是一项多学科、多部门、多时序的系统工程,其规划决策过程中涉及到许多半结构及非结构化问题,需要地理信息系统和决策支持系统的共同作用。本文从九个方面对我国当前土地利用规划决策支持新趋势进行了探讨。     

沿边城市服务功能的历史演进与城市经营——以云南省开远市为例

文章以西南边陲的传统工业城市开远为例,基于对其城市功能的历史演进轨迹、当代城市经营的主要指向等问题的研究,指出多元化城市经营以提升城市服务功能既是城市历史发展的重要启示,同时也是诸如开远等西部沿边城市建设在新时期创新发展的必由之路。而在城市转型建设过程中,需要围绕大区域城市功能竞合关系中确立沿边优势和特色,并在城市经营中重点提升城市公共文化服务功能。     

Trading away what kind of jobs? Globalization,trade and tasks in the US economy

Economists and other social scientists are calling for a reassessment of the impact of international trade on labor markets in developed and developing countries. Classical models of globalization and trade, based upon the international exchange of finished goods, fail to capture the fragmentation of much commodity production and the geographical separation of individual production tasks. This fragmentation, captured in the growing volume of intra-industry trade, prompts investigation of the effects of trade within, rather than between, sectors of the economy. In this paper we examine the relationship between international trade and the task structure of US employment. We link disaggregate US trade data from 1972 to 2006, the NBER manufacturing database, the Decennial Census, and occupational and task data from the Dictionary of Occupational Titles. Within-industry shifts in task characteristics are linked to import competition and technological change. Our results suggest that trade has played a major role in the growth in relative demand for nonroutine tasks, particularly those requiring high levels of interpersonal interaction.     

Regional Comparisons,Spatial Aggregation,and Asymmetry of Price Pass-Through in U.S. Gasoline Markets

Spot to retail price pass-through behavior of the U.S. gasoline market was investigated at the national and regional levels, using weekly wholesale and retail motor gasoline prices from January 2000 to the present. Asymmetric pass-through was found across all regions, with faster pass-through when prices are rising. Pass-through patterns, in terms of speed and time for completion, were found to vary from region to region. Spatial aggregation was investigated at the national level and the East Coast with the aggregated cumulative pass-through being greater than the volume-weighted regional pass-through when spot prices increase. These results are useful to the petroleum industry, consumers, and policy makers by providing a basis to estimate the retail price effects that result from a change in spot price.     

深圳居民消费结构变化分析

一、深圳居民消费结构的变化状况1.深圳居民收入提高,消费增加居民消费结构的变化主要取决于居民的收入状况。居民的收入提高了,消费欲望才会增强。据深圳市统计局城调队抽样调查显示,深圳居民近年的可支配收入稳步上升,1999～2003年深圳居民的可支配收入分别为20240.40、21625     

高校女生就业困境与对策探讨

面对复杂的就业环境,高校毕业生的就业问题显得更为紧迫,而高校女毕业生作为就业市场中的弱势群体将面临着更大的挑战。文章通过分析高校女生就业困境,进一步对女生就业困境进行归因,最后从培养健康就业心理、投身城乡基层、开展分类指导、强化实践环节、重视职业资格培训、实现差别化教育和建立女毕业生就业信息库等七个方面提出解决高校女生就业困境的对策。