Managerial ownership and firm performance: Evidence from China's privatizations

We examine the relationship between managerial ownership and firm performance for a sample of Chinese State-owned enterprises (SOEs) privatized over the period 1992-2000. The results indicate that managerial ownership has a positive effect on firm performance. Although return on assets (ROA) and return on sales (ROS) decline post-privatization, firms with high managerial ownership and, specially, high CEO ownership, exhibit a smaller performance decline. The difference is highly significant, with or without controlling for residual state ownership and changes in the firm's operating environment. We also find that the influence on firm performance becomes less significant at higher levels of CEO ownership. In contrast, performance continues to increase with managerial ownership. This finding suggests that, beyond a certain point, the distribution of shares would be more effective if extended to the whole management team instead of being limited to the chief executive.     

对企业会计准则中关键不确定性术语理解的初步研究

中国企业会计准则体系实现了与国际会计准则的实质性趋同,采用了相似的原则导向观,在准则条文中使用了许多模糊的术语作为确认、计量和披露的标准。国际文献普遍研究了或有事项准则中的语言概率问题,对国际会计准则中不确定性术语的应用研究只限于在发达市场经济之间的对比,忽视了这些标准在没有职业判断传统的转轨经济国家的应用情况。在调查了中国会计准则中主要不确定性术语被中国会计师的解读情况后发现,中国会计师对某些词汇也存在较低的理解一致性。被明确定义的不确定性术语的理解一致性显著高于没有被定义的,但是同一词汇在不同情景下的理解存在显著差异。因此,准则制定机构应当关注那些理解不一致的准则,采取措施确保原则导向的新会计准则得到广泛一致的应用。     

Individual Preferences for Trade Partners in Taiwan

This article investigates economic factors and non‐economic factors of individual attitudes toward free‐trade agreements with different countries. Based on the Stolper–Samuelson theorem, highly skilled workers in Taiwan should be more supportive of free trade with China and less supportive of free trade with the United States than should unskilled workers in Taiwan. Using survey data from Taiwan, we find that highly educated people in Taiwan are more supportive of free trade with both the United States and China, and the effects of education are much stronger with respect to free trade with China. We also find that individual risk attitudes, national identity, and ethnicity play important roles in explaining trade preferences.     

言语交际中合作原则的违反与语用含义的推导

通常情况下,在言语交际中,遵循会话合作原则是有助于交际顺利进行和信息有效传递的,但在一些情境中有意违反合作原则是作为一种会话策略来帮助实现发话者的交际目的。从对量的准则的违反、质的准则的违反、关系准则的违反以及方式准则的违反四个方面论述了故意违反会话合作原则所产生的特殊语用意义以及独特的语言效果。     

A Test of the Persistence in the Performance of UK Managed Funds

We employ a United Kingdom data set of weekly returns from a sample of investment trust companies available on the Datastream database. We analyse the relative performance of the funds and determine whether a 'good' (above-median), past-performance is indicative of future performance. Our study focuses on within sample relative performance. We examine persistence in performance in the short and long run based on a number of tests. Overall we find that both raw and risk-adjusted returns exhibit evidence of persistence in performance in the long run but not in the very short run.     

农电财务管理和会计核算应有新举措

就当前“两改一同价”中关於县级供电企业与乡镇电管站的并帐时间,农电会计核算办法的确定、亏损处理、资产移交等农电财务管理和会计核算等热点问题进行探讨。     

Imposing regularity conditions on a system of cost and factor share equations

Systems of equations comprising cost functions and first-order derivative equations are often used to estimate characteristics of production technologies. Unfortunately, many estimated systems violate the regularity conditions implied by economic theory. Sampling theory methods can be used to impose these conditions globally, but these methods destroy the flexibility properties of most functional forms. We demonstrate how Bayesian methods can be used to maintain flexibility by imposing regularity conditions locally. The Bayesian approach is used to estimate a system of cost and share equations for the merino wool-growing sector. The effect of local imposition of monotonicity and concavity on the signs and magnitudes of elasticities is examined.     

International Transfers from Rich to Poor Nations

A major shortcoming of the theoretical literature on international transfers is that it is not at all clear whether the welfare results obtained are consistent with transfers flowing from rich to poor nations. This is because economists hardly ever model the difference in wealth between the donor and recipient nations. This paper shows that, contrary to the literature, when international transfers are modeled explicitly to flow from rich to poor nations, donor-enriching recipient-impoverishing international transfers may not exist in a world which is accumulating capital.