维生素C二步发酵中优良菌株201A的研究

在对维生素C生产菌选育过程中,发现一株葡萄糖酸杆菌正向突变株,分离纯化后,获得优良菌株201A,经摇瓶培养,做生长曲线测定,发现前期生长及产酸明显高于生产菌株201C,经流加发酵工艺培养,可缩短发酵周期8h,山梨糖生成2—酮基—L—古龙酸的摩尔转化率达80％。     

应计未计成本费用永远不得在税前扣除吗?

《财政部国家税务总局关于企业所得税几个具体问题的通知》(财税[1996]79号,以下简称“79号文”)规定,企业纳税年度内应计未计扣除项目,包括各类应计未计费用,应提未提折旧等(以下简称“应计未计成本费用”),不得     

权证对投资者投资偏好影响的实证研究

金融衍生产品的出现提高了证券市场信息传递的速度，知情交易者通过对衍生品的投资提高传递的效率。本文通过对我国权证市场和相应标的股票市场交易高频数据的研究，探讨知情交易者在权证市场出现后是否改变了投资的对象。实证结果表明，尽管有部分知情交易者投资了认购权证，但是并没有证据表明知情交易者偏好认沽权证。造成这一结果的原因可能是权证制度自身的缺陷。     

应对国外反倾销的分析与思考

我国出口产品频遭国外反倾销,呈现出立案数量大、发起国家多、涉案产品广、征收税率高、连锁反应强等趋势和特点。其原因,既有我国方面的因素,也有外国方面的因素。应对国外反倾销, 应采取调整产业结构、整顿出口秩序、规范企业行为、鼓励积极应诉、加强政府交涉等政策和措施。     

反倾销应诉中市场经济地位认定问题对我国会计的影响

一、问题的提出(一)我国已成为国际反倾销的最大受害国随着我国加入WTO,所遭受的反倾销指控愈演愈烈,我国已经成为国际反倾销的最大受害国。自1979年欧盟对中国出口的糖精钠实施反倾销以来,国外对我国发起的反倾销调查已有500余起,平均每年20多起。且近几年呈增长趋势,每年都在40起以上,多时可达50多起。不仅美欧一些发达国家频繁对我国实施反倾销调查,就连一些发展中国家如印度、秘鲁、阿根廷、巴西、墨西哥、智利等也对我国发起反倾销诉讼,涉案商品多达4000余种,基本上涵盖了出口产品的各个领域。几千家对外贸易企业深受其害,经济损失高…     

How Banks' Value-at-Risk Disclosures Predict their Total and Priced Risk: Effects of Bank Technical Sophistication and Learning over Time

Using a sample of eight large commercial banks from 1994 to 2000, Jorion (2002) finds that banks' VaR disclosures for their trading portfolios predict trading income variability. We extend Jorion's findings using a larger sample of 17 banks from 1997 to 2002 reporting trading VaRs under FRR No. 48 (1997). We find that banks' trading VaRs have predictive power for trading income variability that increases with bank technical sophistication and over time. We find that banks' trading VaRs have predictive power for a bank-wide measure of total risk, return variability, and for two bank-wide measures of priced risk, beta and realized returns.     

全年一次性奖金的最低税负方案

《关于调整个人取得全年一次性奖金等计算征收个人所得税方法问题的通知》(国税发[2005]9号,以下简称“9号文”)对全年一次性奖金(以下简称“全年奖”)征收个人所得税的政策进行了调整,并取消了年薪制征收个人所得税办法。那么应当怎样安排工资奖金支出,才能使同等收入条件下个     

古井贡需要补缴亿元企业所得税吗?

继"古井贡偷税近亿,面临退市"被相关媒体披露后,财政部对安徽古井贡酒股份有限公司(以下简称"古井贡")的财务问题展开了调查,尽管调查结果尚未公布,但有证据表明2002和2003年度,古井贡分别抵减古井销售公司(古井贡的全资子公司,本文所称"销售公司"均为独立法人)应缴企业所得税3996.35万元和5925.48万元,两年的累计"偷税"金额高达9921.83万元.     

Environment–strategy co‐evolution and co‐alignment: a staged model of Chinese SOEs under transition

Economic reform in China has attracted growing attention from around the world owing to its significance for theory and practice. What has been largely missing in the literature is the temporal dimension, i.e., the changes over time in key variables such as organizational environment, firm strategic adaptations, and the performance implications. In this study, we investigate environment and strategic adaptations 12 years after Tan and Litschert examined these issues in 1990. Following a staged model, the study found that (1) organizational environment and firm strategic adaptations have co‐evolved over time, (2) a new configuration has emerged and is related to improved performance, and (3) such a relationship is moderated by the stage during transition in which firms were founded. Specifically, firms founded since 1990 are more proactive and innovative than firms that had existed in the previous stage. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Roles of Innovators and Labor in a Schumpeterian Factor Endowments Based Model of Intra‐industry Trade

This paper builds a model of Schumpeterian innovation and trade that emphasizes endowments of innovators and labor as a key factor in determining the pattern of trade. The model suggests a strong complementarity between intra‐industry and inter‐industry trade. The pattern of inter‐industry vs intra‐industry trade is analyzed using the Grubel–Lloyd index. The theoretical model predicts that the prominence of intra‐industry trade is a nonlinear function of the ratio of the proportion of world knowledge domestically generated to the domestic share of the world labor supply. Strong empirical evidence for this key result is presented and implications are discussed.