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排序方式: 共有135条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
92.
Ulrike E. Berger-Kögler 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2007,87(11):754-760
Deutschland hat sich mit dem Kyoto-Protokoll verpflichtet, seine klimasch?dlichen Emissionen zu reduzieren. Dies soll neben
anderen Instrumenten auch durch einen Emissionsrechtehandel gew?hrleistet werden. Wie sieht die genaue Ausgestaltung in Europa
und Deutschland aus? Beeintr?chtigt das Vergabeverfahren der Zertifikate die Kosteneffizienz dieses umweltpolitischen Instrumentes?
Dr. Ulrike Berger-K?gler, 42, ist Leiterin der Abteilung Regulierung bei der debitel AG in Stuttgart. 相似文献
93.
Guaranteed Manufactured without Child Labor: The Economics of Consumer Boycotts, Social Labeling and Trade Sanctions 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Does labeling products “Child‐Labor Free” provide a market‐based solution to the pervasive employment of child labor? This paper explores the promise of social labeling in the context of its four oft‐noted objectives: child labor employment, consumer information, welfare, and trade linkages, when competition between the North and South is based both on comparative cost advantage, and the use of child labor as a hidden product attribute. We show that (i) social labeling benefits consumers and Southern producers, whereas children and Northern producers are worse off; (ii) trade sanctions on unlabeled products deteriorates Southern terms of trade, but leaves the incidence of child labor strictly unaffected; and (iii) a threat to sanction imports of unlabeled Southern products discourages the South from maintaining a credible social labeling program. We also explore the question of whether social labeling should be viewed as a transitory or a permanent institution in developing economies. 相似文献
94.
Ulrike Müller-Kretschmann 《Heilberufe》2010,62(12):33-35
So sind Sie den Anforderungen der Palliativpflege besser gewachsen - In
der Palliativpflege wird den Pflegekr?ften viel abverlangt. Konfrontiert mit dem allgegenw?rtigen
Tod sollen sie sich immer wieder neu auf einen Sterbenden und sein Umfeld
einlassen k?nnen. Was aber hilft ihnen bei dieser Anstrengung? Bieten Rituale eine Hilfe
bei der Bew?ltigung? 相似文献
95.
Sören Salomo Elko J. Keinschmidt Ulrike De Brentani 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2010,27(7):955-971
Globalization is a major market trend today, one characterized by both increased international competition as well as extensive opportunities for firms to expand their operations beyond current boundaries. Effectively dealing with this important change, however, makes the management of global new product development (NPD) a major concern. To ensure success in this complex and competitive endeavor, companies must rely on global NPD teams that make use of the talents and knowledge available in different parts of the global organization. Thus, cohesive and well‐functioning global NPD teams become a critical capability by which firms can effectively leverage this much more diverse set of perspectives, experiences, and cultural sensitivities for the global NPD effort. The present research addresses the global NPD team and its impact on performance from both an antecedent and a contingency perspective. Using the resource‐based view (RBV) as a theoretical framework, the study clarifies how the internal, or behavioral, environment of the firm—specifically, resource commitment and senior management involvement—and the global NPD team are interrelated and contribute to global NPD program performance. In addition, the proposed performance relationships are viewed as being contingent on certain explicit, or strategic, factors. In particular, the degree of global dispersion of the firm's NPD effort is seen as influencing the management approach and thus altering the relationships among company background resources, team, and performance. For the empirical analysis, data are collected through a survey of 467 corporate global new product programs (North America and Europe, business‐to‐business). A structural model testing for the hypothesized effects was substantially supported. The results show that creating and effectively managing global NPD teams offers opportunities for leveraging a diverse but unique combination of talents and knowledge‐based resources, thereby enhancing the firm's ability to achieve a sustained competitive advantage in international markets. To function effectively, the global NPD team must be nested in a corporate environment in which there is a commitment of sufficient resources and where senior management plays an active role in leading, championing, and coordinating the global NPD effort. This need for commitment and global team integration becomes even more important for success as the NPD effort becomes more globally dispersed. 相似文献
96.
In an article by Reid and de Brentani, a theoretical model of the process and structure for the fuzzy front‐end (FFE) of new product development (NPD) for discontinuous innovations was proposed. Its basic premise is that information flow in the early development of such innovations moves from the environment into the firm, facilitated by individuals playing three key roles at three decision‐making interfaces: (1) the boundary spanner at the boundary interface, (2) the gatekeeper at the gatekeeping interface, and (3) what is identified in this paper as the “project broker” at the project interface. The current paper builds on and augments the ideas presented in this theoretical model with the primary objective of formulating a set of propositions detailing factors affecting the flow of information, and thus role effectiveness at each of these interfaces for discontinuous innovations. The focus is on radically new innovations both because this type of innovation has the highest level of uncertainty during the FFE and because the development of products resulting from such innovations entails the greatest lack of understanding and the fewest strategies for effective management. To achieve this objective, individual, social system, and environmental factors, which promote and/or inhibit the effectiveness of the roles played during the three FFE phases, are examined in terms of both the speed and the quality of information flow. This is done with the goal of substantially improving NPD information as it proceeds through the FFE. In turn, it can help researchers, managers, and team players to better anticipate and meet the navigational challenges of this intrinsically complex, risky, but high potential, NPD scenario. 相似文献
97.
What is the irrigation potential for Africa? A combined biophysical and socioeconomic approach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Liangzhi You Claudia Ringler Ulrike Wood-Sichra Richard Robertson Stanley Wood Tingju Zhu Gerald Nelson Zhe Guo Yan Sun 《Food Policy》2011,36(6):770-782
Although irrigation in Africa has the potential to boost agricultural productivities by at least 50%, food production on the continent is almost entirely rainfed. The area equipped for irrigation, currently slightly more than 13 million hectares, makes up just 6% of the total cultivated area. More than 70% of Africa’s poor live in rural areas and mostly depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. As a result, agricultural development is key to ending poverty on the continent. Many development organizations have recently proposed to significantly increase investments in irrigation in the region. However, the potential for irrigation investments in Africa is highly dependent upon geographic, hydrologic, agronomic, and economic factors that need to be taken into account when assessing the long-term viability and sustainability of planned projects. This paper analyzes the large, dam-based and small-scale irrigation investment potential in Africa based on agronomic, hydrologic, and economic factors. We find significant profitable irrigation potential for both small-scale and large-scale systems. This type of regional analysis can guide distribution of investment funds across countries and should be a first step prior to in-depth country- and local-level assessment of irrigation potential, which will be important to agricultural and economic development in Africa. 相似文献
98.
Many phenomena in the life sciences can be analyzed by using a fixed design regression model with a regression function m that exhibits a crossing‐point in the following sense: the regression function runs below or above its mean level, respectively, according as the input variable lies to the left or to the right of that crossing‐point, or vice versa. We propose a non‐parametric estimator and show weak and strong consistency as long as the crossing‐point is unique. It is defined as maximizing point arg max of a certain marked empirical process. For testing the hypothesis H0 that the regression function m actually is constant (no crossing‐point), a decision rule is designed for the specific alternative H1 that m possesses a crossing‐point. The pertaining test‐statistic is the ratio max/argmax of the maximum value and the maximizing point of the marked empirical process. Under the hypothesis the ratio converges in distribution to the corresponding ratio of a reflected Brownian bridge, for which we derive the distribution function. The test is consistent on the whole alternative and superior to the corresponding Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, which is based only on the maximal value max. Some practical examples of possible applications are given where a certain study about dental phobia is discussed in more detail. 相似文献
99.
Screening new industrial product ideas—the initial GO/NO GO decision in the new product process—is a critical decision. This article reports the results of an extensive investigation into what criteria managers use in their screening decisions, and how these criteria are weighted and combined. 相似文献
100.
The maturation of the science of media selection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Roger J. Calantone Ph.D. Ulrike de Brentani-Todorovic M.B.A. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1981,9(4):490-524
The historical development of models in the field of media scheduling is traced. The models are identified as to which have
dominated certain stages of development over the last twenty five years. A general discussion is also provided of the less
sophisticated models of the preceding period. Overall, the evolution is described in terms of the development of a science
to maturity.
This paper was invited and has not been subject to our blind review process. 相似文献