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121.
Cornia Giovanni Andrea Honkkila Juha Paniccià Renato Popov Vladimir 《MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies》1998,8(1):83-107
MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies - 相似文献
122.
Vladimir K. Kaishev 《Mathematical Finance》2013,23(2):217-247
We consider a new class of processes, called LG processes, defined as linear combinations of independent gamma processes. Their distributional and path‐wise properties are explored by following their relation to polynomial and Dirichlet (B‐)splines. In particular, it is shown that the density of an LG process can be expressed in terms of Dirichlet (B‐)splines, introduced independently by Ignatov and Kaishev and Karlin, Micchelli, and Rinott. We further show that the well‐known variance gamma (VG) process, introduced by Madan and Seneta, and the bilateral gamma (BG) process, recently considered by Küchler and Tappe are special cases of an LG process. Following this LG interpretation, we derive new (alternative) expressions for the VG and BG densities and consider their numerical properties. The LG process has two sets of parameters, the B‐spline knots and their multiplicities, and offers further flexibility in controlling the shape of the Levy density, compared to the VG and the BG processes. Such flexibility is often desirable in practice, which makes LG processes interesting for financial and insurance applications. Multivariate LG processes are also introduced and their relation to multivariate Dirichlet and simplex splines is established. Expressions for their joint density, the underlying LG‐copula, the characteristic, moment and cumulant generating functions are given. A method for simulating LG sample paths is also proposed, based on the Dirichlet bridge sampling of gamma processes, due to Kaishev and Dimitriva. A method of moments for estimation of the LG parameters is also developed. Multivariate LG processes are shown to provide a competitive alternative in modeling dependence, compared to the various multivariate generalizations of the VG process, proposed in the literature. Application of multivariate LG processes in modeling the joint dynamics of multiple exchange rates is also considered. 相似文献
123.
地域优势带来的额外利润问题不仅限于制造业。近年来,跨国公司陆续将服务型和销售型子公司转移至相对低成本的新兴市场,产生了与制造业转移同样的转让定价反避税挑战。在不同的转让定价方法下,处理该类型公司的地域优势问题遇到的挑战有所不同。面对这些挑战,纳税人和税务当局都必须通过客观而严密的经济学分析进行探讨,方能得出一个各方满意的解决方案。 相似文献
124.
This paper examines monopolistic behavior in a framework with dynamic demands. We show that time consistent output and pricing policies yield different equilibrium outcomes in terms of profits and welfare. In a simple two-period model, we find that pricing policies impose less restrictive constraints on a producer of addictive goods, allowing him to attain higher equilibrium profits. In contrast, a durable goods producer is better off implementing output policies. We study the effect of instrument selection on the strategic properties of the monopolist’s intra- personal game. Intertemporal substitutabilities imply that current and future prices are strategic complements, while current and future output levels may be strategic substitutes. Intertemporal complementarities reverse the strategic properties of these instruments. 相似文献
125.
Vladimir Vovk 《Finance and Stochastics》2012,16(4):561-609
This paper establishes a non-stochastic analog of the celebrated result by Dubins and Schwarz about reduction of continuous martingales to Brownian motion via time change. We consider an idealized financial security with continuous price paths, without making any stochastic assumptions. It is shown that typical price paths possess quadratic variation, where “typical” is understood in the following game-theoretic sense: there exists a trading strategy that earns infinite capital without risking more than one monetary unit if the process of quadratic variation does not exist. Replacing time by the quadratic variation process, we show that the price path becomes Brownian motion. This is essentially the same conclusion as in the Dubins–Schwarz result, except that the probabilities (constituting the Wiener measure) emerge instead of being postulated. We also give an elegant statement, inspired by Peter McCullagh’s unpublished work, of this result in terms of game-theoretic probability theory. 相似文献
126.
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128.
Vladimir Atanasov Bernard Black Conrad Ciccotello Stanley Gyoshev 《Journal of Financial Economics》2010
We model and test the mechanisms through which law affects tunneling and tunneling affects firm valuation. In 2002, Bulgaria adopted legal changes which limit equity tunneling through dilutive equity offerings and freezeouts. Following the changes, minority shareholders participate equally in equity offerings, where before they suffered severe dilution; freezeout offer price ratios quadruple; and Tobin's q rises sharply for firms at high risk of tunneling. The paper shows the importance of legal rules in limiting equity tunneling, the role of equity tunneling risk as a factor in determining equity prices, and substitution by controlling shareholders between different forms of tunneling. 相似文献
129.
Vladimir Kuzin Massimiliano Marcellino Christian Schumacher 《Journal of Applied Econometrics》2013,28(3):392-411
This paper discusses pooling versus model selection for nowcasting with large datasets in the presence of model uncertainty. In practice, nowcasting a low‐frequency variable with a large number of high‐frequency indicators should account for at least two data irregularities: (i) unbalanced data with missing observations at the end of the sample due to publication delays; and (ii) different sampling frequencies of the data. Two model classes suited in this context are factor models based on large datasets and mixed‐data sampling (MIDAS) regressions with few predictors. The specification of these models requires several choices related to, amongst other things, the factor estimation method and the number of factors, lag length and indicator selection. Thus there are many sources of misspecification when selecting a particular model, and an alternative would be pooling over a large set of different model specifications. We evaluate the relative performance of pooling and model selection for nowcasting quarterly GDP for six large industrialized countries. We find that the nowcast performance of single models varies considerably over time, in line with the forecasting literature. Model selection based on sequential application of information criteria can outperform benchmarks. However, the results highly depend on the selection method chosen. In contrast, pooling of nowcast models provides an overall very stable nowcast performance over time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
130.
Vladimir Dragalin 《Metrika》1996,43(1):165-182
We consider a multi-channel system in which one apparatus makes a sequence of observations, one at a time. By means of scanning,
i.e. selecting a channel to be analyzed at any instant and deciding to stop at some stage, it is required to determine the
channel in which there is the signal with prescribed constraints on error probabilities. A simple scanning rule, based on
a cyclic application of a sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) is proposed for this problem. It is proved that in the
case of Brownian motion, the expected scanning time of this rule is equal to the one of the optimal scanning rule (which is
known only for this case). The simple structure of this rule permits to obtain corrected Brownian approximations for its characteristics
in the case of exponential family of distributions. The same procedure is used in multi-channel change point problem. 相似文献