我国农村基础设施投入区域差异分析

本文分别从农村基础设施的投资总量、投资主体、投资去向及其投资需求四个方面对我国农村基础设施投入区域差异进行实证分析,研究表明:第一,农村基础设施发展水平和农村经济发展水平呈现显著的正相关关系,因而我国从东部往西部农村基础设施发展水平总体也呈现逐渐递减的状态。第二,各地区农村基础设施投入主体构成存在明显差异。东部经济发达地区非农户投资比重远远大于中西部不发达地区的非农户投资比重。第三,中西部地区在第一产业的投资比重远远大于东部地区,但第二产业的投资比重远远小于东部地区。第四,各地区农民对基础设施的投入需求存在明显差异。东部地区需求最强烈的主要是社会性基础设施,中西部地区需求最强烈的主要是经济型基础设施。     

国际油气勘探开发项目风险评价决策支持系统

将Web技术与商务智能相结合,设计了国际油气勘探开发项目风险评价决策支持系统的架构,通过分析架构中的主要模块及其功能,阐述了该评价决策支持系统的工作机制和系统开发设计。最后,通过一个国际油气勘探开发项目经济风险评价案例,验证了该系统的智能性、可操作性和可视性。     

产品市场定位与消费者忠诚之间的关系——基于浙江产品市场势力调查问卷

以2011年浙江省商务厅向各地市县发放的浙江产品市场势力调查问卷为数据来源,以其中的119家浙江省内商业企业作为研究样本,对浙江产品的市场定位与消费者忠诚之间的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明:产品市场定位与消费者的行为忠诚相关,提高产品的市场定位有利于消费者产生购买企业产品的偏好,进而促使消费者实现实际的、持续的购买行为;产品市场定位的提升尤其对产品客单价、产品销量和销售额的提升有显著的促进作用。因此,浙江企业应积极投入人力、物力,提高其产品的市场定位,以提升消费者忠诚,进而实现企业在市场中的议价能力及市场竞争力的提高。     

情绪智力对员工创新行为的影响——以组织创新氛围为中介

利用调研数据,研究了情绪智力在组织创新氛围的中介作用下对员工创新行为的影响机制。研究结果表明:情绪智力中的情绪控制和情绪利用对员工创新行为有显著的正向预测作用;组织创新氛围在情绪控制和情绪利用对员工创新行为的影响中起部分中介作用;工龄与员工创新行为显著相关,工龄为4～7年的员工的创新性明显高于工龄为1～3年的员工。     

风险资本集聚与区域创新的关系——基于投资行业分布的视角

利用2006—2010年我国44个省市的880项投资事件的数据,研究了风险资本集聚、投资行业分布与区域创新三者之间的相互关系。结果显示:国内各地区的风险资本集聚可能通过影响地区的投资行业分布进而影响区域创新绩效,即一个地区吸引的风险资本越多,这些风险资本集中于某几个特定行业的可能性越大,该地区的区域创新能力越高。最后提出:我国地方政府监管机构应积极引导风险资本进驻当地的优势产业,集中发展特色经济,以有效促进区域创新能力的提升。     

中国财产保险公司资本结构的影响因素

利用1998-2009年中国大陆地区财产保险公司的业务数据和财务数据,通过差分GMM方法实证研究中国财产保险公司资本结构的影响因素发现:中国财产保险公司的目标负债水平与公司规模、再保险利用、公司成熟度的关联显著为正,与利润波动性的关联显著为负,而与产品分散化、地理分散化、产品收支间隔期的关联不显著.     

新生代农民工的城市创业与国家政策

创业是劳动者对自身或他人拥有的资源进行优化整合,以独立自主的方式创造出更大经济或社会价值的过程。国家的相关政策会对创业过程产生重要影响。当前,国家对海外归国人员和大学生创业给予了众多政策优惠,但对新生代农民工群体创业却鲜有政策支持,不符合公共政策公平公正的价值理念。创业对新生代农民工的城市适应等方面发挥了巨大作用,但因为"流动的劳动力体制"及附着其上的其他政策的存在,造成了劳动力市场的户籍分层,新生代农民工创业过程也遭遇瓶颈。为此,在短时间内无法改变"流动的劳动力体制"的情况下,应对的办法是放松其他现有政策限制,为新生代农民工创业提供更好的政策平台。     

Do banking system transparency and competition affect nonperforming loans in the Chinese banking sector?

The increasing importance of transparency practices and the improving status of bank competition in China are rarely explored in nonperforming loans (NPLs) literature. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine banking system transparency and competition along with macroeconomic and bank-specific variables as determinants of NPL. We use the two-step system GMM dynamic panel model for Chinese banks based on annual data from 2000 to 2014. Our results indicate that high transparency in the Chinese banking system decreases poor-quality assets but not in the case of government-owned banks, whereas increase in competition increases NPL. Moreover, we find mixed results in the context of macroeconomics and bank-specific variables. Our study has practical implications in risk management practices and macro prudential policies.     

The economic burden of common adverse events associated with metastatic colorectal cancer treatment in the United States

Aims: Adverse events (AEs) associated with treatments for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) may compromise the course of treatment, impact quality-of-life, and increase healthcare resource utilization. This study assessed the direct healthcare costs of common AEs among mCRC patients in the US.

Methods: Adult mCRC patients treated with chemotherapy or targeted therapies were identified from administrative claims databases (2009–2014). Up to the first three mCRC treatment episodes per patient were considered and categorized as with or without the AE system/organ category during the episode. Total healthcare costs (2014 USD) were measured by treatment episode and reported on a monthly basis. Treatment episodes with the AE category were matched by treatment type and line of treatment to those without the AE category. Adjusted total cost differences were estimated by comparing costs during treatment episodes with vs without the AE category using multivariate regression models; p-values were estimated with bootstrap.

Results: A total of 4158 patients with ≥1 mCRC treatment episode were included (mean age?=?59 years; 58% male; 60% with liver and 14% with lung metastases; 2,261 [54%] with a second and 1,115 [27%] with a third episode). On average, two treatment episodes were observed per patient with an average length of 166 days per episode. Adjusted monthly total cost difference by AE category included hematologic ($1,480), respiratory ($1,253), endocrine/metabolic ($1,213), central nervous system (CNS; $1,136), and cardiovascular ($1,036; all p?Limitations: Claims do not include information on the cause of AEs, and potentially less severe AEs may not have been reported by the physician when billing the medical service. This study aimed to assess the association between costs and AEs and not the causation of AEs by treatment.

Conclusions: The most costly AEs among mCRC patients were hematologic, followed by respiratory, endocrine/metabolic, CNS, and cardiovascular.     

SLEEPWALKING THROUGH SCHOOL: NEW EVIDENCE ON SLEEP AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

Policymakers advocating for later school starting times argue that increased sleep duration may generate important schooling benefits. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, this study examines the relationship between sleep duration and academic performance, while carefully controlling for difficult‐to‐measure characteristics at the family and individual levels. We find that increased sleep time is associated with improvements in classroom concentration as well as increased educational attainment. However, we also find evidence of diminishing returns to increased sleep. We estimate an “academic optimum” number of sleep hours of, on average, 8.5 hours per night. Turning to sleep quality, we find that the onset of insomnia‐like symptoms is associated with diminished contemporaneous academic concentration, but little change in long‐run educational attainment. (JEL I12)