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981.
982.
This paper attempts to provide a theoretical foundation for liquidity premia to be found in the term structure of interest rates. These premia arise from the borrowers' future availability of cash and from the lenders' future need for cash. In addition a third category of investors are active on the market: speculators who have no cash constraint and take positions on the basis of their expectations of future spot rates only. The interaction between these three groups yields an equilibrium term structure which is tested empirically; the test produces estimates of the relative weights of the groups in the determination of liquidity premia. Analysis of these weights indicates that there exists some market segmentation between bonds of different maturities. 相似文献
983.
984.
Effort-satisfaction analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This method has been developed to enable the analysis of qualitative problems forming a system, in which their states are expressed in terms of satisfaction indices. It is a means of reorganising data obtained from human judgement on partial relations between specific problems, so that a judgement of the system as a whole may be derived. The E-S analysis indicates the changes in the satisfaction indices when additional efforts are made. It also shows the way in which efforts should be distributed to reach an optimum level of the satisfaction indices. The usefulness of this method is shown by an example of planning a research project. 相似文献
985.
Medical technology diffusion and its effect on the modern hospital and on the rising costs of medical care is an issue which receives considerable attention from economists and policy analysts. In this paper a different approach is used to understand this phenomenon. We present the decision of a single hospital, whether or not to adopt an advanced technology system, using the concept of a noncooperative, nonzero sum game. Such presentation provides us with more insight on the conflict in which hospitals find themselves; the "catch" which pushes them to purchase more and more sophisticated and expensive technology in the hope that they will be able to successfully compete with other hospitals. The situation is further complicated by the existence of another "hidden" player--society, whose goals may differ from those of any individual hospital and even from the collective interests of the hospital sector. Possible conflicts that may exist and suggested solutions for each participant are presented and their policy implication are discussed. 相似文献
986.
987.
R&D projects affect the interests of different stakeholders in different ways. Understanding the stakeholders and analysing their interests helps in the better management of R&D projects. In this paper we discuss a methodology to systematically analyse the stakeholders of R&D projects. This methodology includes Freeman's (1984) three levels of analysis: rational, process and transactional. Based on these three levels, the stakeholder management capability of an R&D project is determined. The final stage is based on Mitchell et al . (1997) approach to analysing the dynamics of stakeholders. This methodology is illustrated using a New Zealand case relating to a road pricing R&D project. 相似文献
988.
This study extends the research on R&D (research and development) internationalization to a new environmental context (two Asian newly-industrialized economies, mainland China and Taiwan). Based on a survey of 56 major Taiwanese information technology (IT) companies, the status of R&D internationalization with Taiwan as the home and mainland China as the host is investigated. Human-capital-augmentation is found to be the key motive for Taiwanese IT companies to extend R&D activities to the mainland. Accessing capable yet cost effective local engineers with an additional benefit of geographical and linguistic proximity is the major context of this motive. The location decision is based on three considerations – access to engineers, proximity to manufacturing site, and competition avoidance. Finally, three operational patterns of conducting the international design and development (D&D) activities are categorized, which are 'home-base-integration', 'host-base-integration', and 'product life cycle'. 相似文献
989.
990.
Carolyn Y. Woo 《战略管理杂志》1983,4(2):123-135
This study examines the strategies of 41 businesses which are market share leaders, but have poor performance. Hypotheses are tested relating to market stability and product demand characteristics, as well as organizational commitments and competitive strategies. 相似文献