中国当前的财政政策及趋势

中国自1998年到2004年间实施的积极财政政策,对保持经济平稳增长,缓解通货紧缩,优化经济结构,促进就业和促进区域经济均衡发展等方面发挥了积极的作用。随着中国宏观经济形势的变化,以及考虑到防范公共风险,积极财政政策应作相应的调整。2005年,中国实施了稳健的财政政策(也就是经济学意义上的中性财政政策),其政策核心是适度减少财政赤字和长期建设国债的规模,并对财政分配结构进行调整。中国未来一段时期特别是“十一五”前期应继续实施稳健的财政政策。     

Regulating B2B online reverse auctions through voluntary codes of conduct

In response to real and perceived abuse by market makers, buyers, and sellers, some industry trade groups representing suppliers have developed voluntary codes of conduct, white papers, and other forms of guidance for online reverse auction participants. The intent of these guidelines is to improve both the reverse auction process and relationships between buyers and sellers. This paper examines the rationale for creating guidelines and codes of conduct, and examines their efficacy in regulating reverse auctions to achieve improved outcomes for market makers, buyers, and sellers. Data from primary and related secondary sources indicate that industry-specific codes of conduct and guidelines have not had a favorable impact.     

产商品质量的防伪问题及方法

对产商品质量的防伪问题及方法进行了系统的分类，对方法选用原则进行了探讨。     

城乡经济社会统筹发展机制和宏观政策研究

城乡关系始终是中国现代化进程中面临的一个根本问题,也是当前和今后国家宏观调控政策需要重视和着力解决的重大问题。党的十六大提出了科学的发展观,要求实现城乡经济社会统筹发展,这是确保国民经济持续、健康发展和国家长治久安的战略性思路和决策,也从根本上为解决新阶段的“三农”问题和理顺城乡关系指明了方向。本报告     

Group decision-making: Head-count versus intensity of preference

This paper puts forth a framework for reshaping the group decision-making process. The proposed framework extends from the usual one-issue-at-a-time decision-making to one that involves several related issues simultaneously. Weaknesses of the traditional majority voting mechanism are first identified, and then a different voting method that takes each individual voter's sentiment into account is discussed. Specifically, a decision-maker is asked to express his/her intensity of preference for the issues encountered. Three hierarchical structures—benefits, costs, and risks—are developed to evaluate the alternatives. Due to the nature of pairwise comparisons and synthesis, the proposed method is amenable to consensus building and has higher reliability and consistency. It can be used for candidate selection, e.g. governmental election, when a large population is involved. It is also effective for resource allocation and prioritization when a small group or business is concerned. We believe the proposed approach has potential for resolving deficiencies of the conventional voting mechanism, and can be applied to many real-world problems. Its implementation on the Internet is also discussed.     

目标管理运用的障碍

1954年彼得·德鲁克(PeterF.Drucker)在其名著《管理实践》中提出了目标管理,德鲁克认为:并不是有了工作才有目标,恰恰相反,应该是有了目标才能确定每个人的工作。所以“企业的使命和任务,必须转化为目标”。自此以后,目标管理的思想被美国企业所广泛应用,并很快为日本、西欧国家的企业所仿效。今天,目标管理已经成为企业管理中最基本的方法之一,该方法也被公认为是德鲁克对管理实践的主要贡献之一。美国总统布什在将2002年度的“总统自由勋章”授予彼得·德鲁克时,提到他的三大贡献之一就是目标管理。但是在今天企业界对目标管理的运用过…     

Implications of variant efficiency measures for policy evaluations in UK higher education

Policy goals in UK higher education encourage the publicly funded universities to become more-specialised and larger in size without compromising output quality. Efficiency gains are expected to flow from this increased specialisation in accordance with universities’ comparative research and teaching strengths. Mergers to reap further gains from economies of scale are also being actively encouraged. Given this scenario, the paper investigates whether best-practice efficiency measurement based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) provides empirical support for the current policy goals. It also assesses whether such support is dependent on the specific type of efficiency measure used in the DEA modelling. This assessment finds that a selection of (nine) commonly used, variant efficiency measures generally support the current policy goals. The paper also uses the principal-agent framework to explore the issues involved in using computed DEA-based efficiency scores for policy evaluations and possible funding guidance in UK higher education. This highlights empirically how policy-makers and universities can have very different preferences about which efficiency measure is to be used for policy evaluations and possible funding guidance.     

论红色旅游的联动开发模式——以安徽省黟县、定远县比较研究为例

近年,在国家政策和市场需求的共同驱动作用下,红色旅游呈现出良好发展态势,其经济、社会、文化的积极影响日益突出。针对红色旅游的功能、意义、特点、市场等特征,结合安徽省黟县和定远县的红色旅游规划实践进行类比研究,认为红色旅游的开发应采取联动开发模式,形成整体综合优势,实现政治、经济、文化三大功能。联动开发主要包括形象联动、资源联动、产品联动、产业联动、区域联动、营销联动等方面,具有目标层、战略层、操作层等层次。     

中国股市波动性研究——基于Shiller-Sentana-Wadhwani模型

股票市场的价格波动并非像传统金融学所说得那样围绕公司基本价值进行小幅震荡，常常表现出大幅波动的特征。本文采用基于garch模型作出的Shiller-Sentana-Wadhwani模型对中国股票市场成立十多年的股价波动进行实证研究，得出中国股票市场存在反馈交易且其程度随着股价波动的增大而提高、随着涨跌限制而加大的结论。     

科学教育是经济发展的决定性因素

我国经济的持续增长主要在于经济增长方式从粗放型向集约型的转变。就这一问题,本文论述了在我国发展科技、教育的迫切性,说明了科学技术的进步是经济增长的关键,发展教育是经济增长的基础,“科教兴国”战略是一项关系经济社会长远发展的重要国策。