经济增长、能源消耗与二氧化碳脱钩关系研究

随着全球资源与环境危机进一步加深,“经济-能源-环境”问题成为国内外学者研究的焦点.为此利用Tapio模型分析我国2000-2010年间经济增长与二氧化碳排放之间的脱钩关系,并构造因果链将脱钩指标分解为节能脱钩指标和减排脱钩指标.研究表明:无论是就全国范围还是各区域而言,总脱钩指标和节能脱钩指标的变化均具有明显的一致性,且后者是前者变化的主要原因.在2000-2010年间的大部分年份内,总脱钩指标位于0和1之间,处于弱脱钩状态;就横向比较而言,总脱钩指标和节能脱钩指标的数值分布呈现出明显的区域性特征,但减排脱钩指标的分布无明显的区域性特征,且在时间维度上也无显著的变化.     

实物法在投标报价中的应用

工程报价是承包商的一项基本工作,它在很大程度上决定承包商能否中标和中标后的盈亏水平.在实际工作中,采用的方法有定额法和实物法2种,其中最能反映工程实际所消耗成本的计价方法是实物法.实物法能直观准确地把工程将要消耗的各种费用和盈利水平表现出来.在国际工程还没有定额规范的时代,实物法已经逐渐成为企业竞逐国际市场的报价方法.文章讨论了如何在投标报价中灵活地运用实物法.     

Managing decision-making with certainty of threat

Several factors, such as emotion and uncertainty of the outcome, influence decision-making. We assessed decision-making during a risky event (natural hazard, focusing here on two types of volcanic threats) by manipulating the certainty of lethal threat in an information campaign. We hypothesized that the reduction of uncertainty of lethal threat in an information campaign would improve behavior through more suitable choices by reducing the use of emotional choices. In the scenario that occurred in a familiar place, participants who received information with uncertainty of lethal threat presented more emotional and comfortable choices, such as staying at home, rather than detached ones, such as leaving the area. These were either appropriate (for volcanic ash cloud) or inappropriate (for pyroclastic flow). The certainty hypothesis was partially validated, as certainty influenced the quality of choice in the scenarios that took place at home. Furthermore, participants in the volcanic disaster context presented less suitable decisions compared to those in the neutral context, which was discussed in terms of the presence of emotions, such as fear of volcanic eruption. Our results highlight the importance of controlling the comforting emotional aspect of the home environment in any information communication.     

新型工业化和新型城市化联动发展战略研究——以株洲市为例

新型工业化与新型城市化联动发展既是时势已至,也是势在必行。通过分析新型工业化与新型城市化的辩证统一关系和株洲市新型工业化与新型城市化联动发展的成就、现存问题,探索了株洲市新型工业化与新型城市化联动发展的工作目标、重心、主线及着力点。     

基于TransCAD的乌鲁木齐市社区蔬菜直销统一配送路径优化研究

文章以乌鲁木齐市社区蔬菜直销统一配送路径优化为研究对象,在简述软件TransCAD功能的基础上,提出了一套操作方便的蔬菜直销统一配送路径优化方案,并以乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区社区蔬菜直销店运营基础数据为例,通过求解和比较,验证了所提方案的有效性和优越性。     

冷却塔风机传动轴故障监测技术研究

在分析冷却塔风机传动轴故障原因的基础上,提出一种基于PLC技术的冷却塔风机传动轴故障监测方法,并研制出一套非接触式冷却塔风机传动轴故障监控系统,能够实现在传动轴即将发生故障时报警停机,从而预防传动轴甩出事故的发生。生产实践证明,此监测方法简单易行,能够避免进行复杂的信号处理,降低了监控系统的成本,此监控系统明显提高了风机运行状态监测的可靠性,能够有效避免传动轴甩出故障的发生,具有良好的推广应用价值。     

Enriching Intergenerational Decision-Making with Guided Visualization Exercises

Seriously engaging with the needs, hardships, and aspirations of future generations is an emotional experience as much as an intellectual endeavor. In this essay we describe a guided visualization exercise used to overcome the emotional barriers that often prevent us from dealing effectively with intergenerational decisions. The meditation and dreaming technique was applied to a diverse group of researchers who engaged in a visualized encounter with future generations. Following the exercise, we concluded that a serious analysis of intergenerational conflict requires us to confront our own mortality. Also, somewhat surprisingly to workshop participants, our desire to become stewards of the planet was driven by our fear of death as well as our egoist yearning for immortality. We posit that imagining the unknown with visioning practices might increase our emotional resilience, and hence improve our ability to confront the burdens of intergenerational responsibility.     

货币政策、信息透明度与企业信贷期限结构

本文基于2004-2012年中国A股上市公司样本,系统考察了货币政策对企业信贷期限结构之影响,以及信息透明度所具有的调节效应.研究发现:货币政策越紧缩,企业信贷期限结构越短,而信息透明度能够在一定程度上缓解银根紧缩的冲击;深入分析排除了政府干预、大股东控制、成长性与企业信贷需求等潜在干扰因素的影响.本文研究表明,货币政策对企业信贷融资的影响主要由供给主导,而非需求方的主动选择,同时阐明了信息透明度在信贷资源配置中发挥的重要作用,对深化我国银行业市场化改革具有重要启示.     

我国财政医疗卫生支出的空间差异及分布动态演进--基于Dagum基尼系数分解与Kernel密度估计的实证研究

文章基于全国1997－2014年面板数据,采用Dagum基尼系数和Kernel密度估计方法,考察了我国财政医疗卫生支出强度的地区差距及其分布动态过程。研究结果显示,我国财政医疗卫生支出强度的总体差距呈先升后降的演变趋势,总体差距主要由地区间差距引起,超变密度和地区内差距对总体差距的贡献则在逐渐减小。同时,财政医疗卫生支出强度水平不断提高,但不同区域间出现了两极或者多极分化现象。据此,提出了扭转医疗卫生资源配置空间非均衡态势的政策建议。     

媒体关注、产权性质与上市公司融资约束——基于Heckman两阶段模型的实证检验

基于信息不对称理论和声誉理论,文章以2010-2014年沪深两市5988个观察样本为研究对象,采用Heckman两阶段模型实证检验了媒体关注对上市公司融资约束的影响机理,探讨了不同产权性质情况下媒体关注对融资约束的影响差异。研究结果显示：媒体关注与上市公司融资约束呈负相关关系,媒体关注可以缓解企业的融资约束程度;正面媒体报道可以降低企业的融资约束程度,而负面媒体报道则会加剧企业的融资约束程度;媒体关注对不同产权性质企业融资约束的影响存在差异。具体而言,相对于非国有企业而言,媒体关注对国有企业的融资约束缓解程度更大。