中小企业银行融资方案的新型设计 --"关系贷款"及"银行辛迪加和相机治理"

本文旨在从信息不对称造成信贷配给的角度为中小企业融资难问题提供一种解决方案。欧美等成熟市场经济国家通过银企建立稳定的交易关系来消除两者之间的信息不对称,提高贷款可得性;青木昌彦的银行辛迪加和相机治理模式的突出特点在于组建辛迪加,加强牵头行对企业贷款的事中和事后监督。本文吸收两者的优点并结合我国的实际情况,提出了我国中小企业银行融资的模式:企业向银行申请贷款之前必须与其有稳定的交易关系,以便银行进行有效的事前监督;银行一旦接受贷款申请,即可作为牵头行来组建银行辛迪加,集中借款企业与辛迪加成员的交易信息,并承担全部的事中和事后监督责任;一旦企业出现财务危机,牵头行负责大部分债务的偿还。     

基于演化博弈的监测—约束—激励系统生态补偿机制研究——以旅游胜地漓江流域为例

"两山"理论要求重构"经济—环境"生态,因地制宜设计生态补偿机制。以漓江流域作为研究对象,利用演化博弈理论分析不同情境下漓江流域各主体策略的演化趋势,再使用SD进一步模拟仿真,结论如下:(1)上下游地方政府实施策略概率的初始值会影响最终的稳定状态;(2)仅依靠上下游政府的相互自发监督,不能有效实施利于生态补偿的合作机制;(3)上下游都不履行义务时的惩罚应比只有一方不履行义务时的惩罚更大,上下游履行义务时的奖励应比不实现合作时的惩罚更大;(4)当中立机构监管流域水质状态时,上游提供给下游的补贴应该比下游给上游的生态补偿更少。据此提出漓江流域生态补偿机制政策建议。     

协商民主的限制简析

虽然协商民主号称是民主理论的“协商转向”。但是协商民主在理论和实践上都面临着诸多限制。协商民主强调以共同善为依据达成共识,但是共同善常常无法达到;协商民主强调以理性对话为主,但是参与者的理性能力是有限的,即使能够完全按照理性来进行协商,也未必能够保证公共利益最大化;协商民主主张由一般民众在公开、透明、平等的情况下进行讨论,但来自政治精英、经济优势阶级、专家学者、媒体的政治操弄始终无法避免。由于这些限制,协商民主无法替代代议民主,它的价值在于培养公民的共和精神和包容、参与、平等的政治文化。     

Going Out, Not Only Enterprises＇ Dream

Since ＂going out＂ strategy launch implementation, Chinese central government has gradually established a continuously improvingsystem of relevant policy and measures, which can be very helpful to enterprises to carry out foreign investment and cooperation. How to improve policy efficiency, full-play corporate enthusiasm in foreign investment, reduce risks in international operation in post-financial crisis period, these are what policy-makers need to consider.     

浅谈线损率波动的危害及解决措施

线损率的波动影响对线损的准确分析、判断和改善,本文通过分析线损率波动的原因,建议在相应管理制度上制定实施细则,努力减少波动,以通过对线损的分析准确地找出降损措施.     

On the Efficiency of Bankruptcy Law: Empirical Evidence in Spain

The current economic crisis is showing one of the main problems that many companies in financial distress have to face, namely, the impact of bankruptcy law in relation to companies and firms. This paper aims to analyze the bankruptcy law ex‐ante efficiency when companies are in financial distress. To test it out, two research questions are submitted: (i) Is solvency, the criterion used in the Spanish law, the best one to assess the relative significance of the main indicators, which determine bankrupt firms? (ii) Is the Spanish bankruptcy law efficient according to solvency or are there better criteria? To answer them, a logistic regression model is conducted. The sample embraces 1,387 firms in Spain, the data being obtained from 12 Commercial Justice Courts complemented with financial information. The main conclusion is that the solvency criterion is adequate to classify bankrupt companies although currently Spanish Bankruptcy law is not as efficient as it could be. Additionally, the relevant companies' indicators, which explain the financial distress procedure, are presented. Copyright © 2013 INSOL International and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd     

Selection of a Representative Value Function for Robust Ordinal Regression in Group Decision Making

In this paper, we introduce the concept of a representative value function in a group decision context. We extend recently proposed methods UTA^GMS-GROUP and UTADIS^GMS-GROUP with selection of a compromise and collective preference model which aggregates preferences of several decision makers (DMs) and represents all instances of preference models compatible with preference information elicited from DMs. The representative value function is built on results of robust ordinal regression, so its representativeness can be interpreted in terms of robustness concern. We propose a few procedures designed for multiple criteria ranking, choice, and sorting problems. The use of these procedures is conditioned by both satisfying different degrees of consistency of the preference information provided by all DMs, as well as by some properties of particular decision making situations. The representative value function is intended to help the DMs to understand the robust results, and to provide them with a compromise result in case of conflict between the DMs.     

国外高等工程教育对实施卓越计划的启示

卓越工程师教育培养计划是我国工程教育改革的切入点和突破口,对促进工程教育回归工程,提高人才培养质量具有重要的作用。文章以韩国的KAIST大学和国立首尔大学等的工程实践教育课程建设、过程实施、教育理念为例,分析了国外大学高等工程教育的主要特征,提出了在我国实施卓越工程师教育培养计划的几点建议。     

青海湖沙漠地区节水器设计

负水头毛细渗灌非常适合青海湖周边沙漠地区的固沙植生,根据毛细渗灌原理对节水器进行设计,考虑植物的需水量,棉线毛细输水量,沙子的输水特性可确定节水器的输水量及入渗点。     

模糊综合评价法在工程供应链风险管理中的应用

风险管理是工程项目管理的重要内容,是维持工程供应链稳定运作的重要保证。以工程供应链为研究视角,分析项目全寿命周期管理的四个主要周期阶段与工程供应链的相互关联。再对其供应链各环节中的风险进行识别,通过运用模糊数学的相关理论,对各阶段识别出的六大风险进行模糊综合评价,找出工程供应链风险特征,并提出相应的应对策略。