公司股东的股东会召集权之完善

我国新公司法确认了公司股东对于股东会的召集权,但这种权利在行使程序上有很多不足之处。本文分析了公司股东对于公司股东会的召集权的法理基础和内涵。公司法应该对股东召集股东会进行修改以促进公司治理。     

The relationships among leadership,goal orientation,and service quality in high-contact service industries: An empirical study

High-contact service industries are characterized by close interaction between service employees and customers, and diverse customer needs. Such characteristics pose a great challenge to the delivery of services of superior quality. In this research we conceptually explore and empirically examine several attitudinal and motivational factors of customer-contact employees, and the management style of managers as antecedents to service quality in high-contact service sectors. Based on dyadic data collected from 230 service firms in Hong Kong, we examine the relationships among transformational leadership, transactional leadership, affective organizational commitment, learning goal orientation, performance goal orientation, and service quality. We find that learning goal orientation is more effective than performance goal orientation in fostering service quality in the high-contact service context. We also observe that transformational leadership tends to be more effective than transactional leadership in influencing employee attitude in high-contact service firms. This research pioneers theory-driven examination of service quality in high-contact service firms using data collected from service employees and shop managers for hypothesis testing.     

Determining fair values of performance‐vested and forfeiture‐embedded employee stock options

This study provides a new approach to determine the fair value of ESOs by extending the performance‐vested option pricing model. The model developed in this study takes both vesting period and forfeiture rate into consideration to capture characteristics of ESOs. Empirical and sensitivity analyses give evidence for the importance of these two elements. Empirical results also support that the derived model can be employed to increase the accuracy of ESOs’ fair value.     

Diagnostic Tests of Cross‐section Independence for Limited Dependent Variable Panel Data Models*

This article considers the problem of testing for cross‐section independence in limited dependent variable panel data models. It derives a Lagrangian multiplier (LM) test and shows that in terms of generalized residuals of Gourieroux et al. (1987) it reduces to the LM test of Breusch and Pagan (1980) . Because of the tendency of the LM test to over‐reject in panels with large N (cross‐section dimension), we also consider the application of the cross‐section dependence test (CD) proposed by Pesaran (2004) . In Monte Carlo experiments it emerges that for most combinations of N and T the CD test is correctly sized, whereas the validity of the LM test requires T (time series dimension) to be quite large relative to N. We illustrate the cross‐sectional independence tests with an application to a probit panel data model of roll‐call votes in the US Congress and find that the votes display a significant degree of cross‐section dependence.     

The Information Content of Model‐Free Implied Volatility

This study examines the information content of model‐free implied volatility (MFIV) estimates with respect to the options and futures markets in Hong Kong. In this study, the volatility forecasting performance of MFIV is compared, using different prediction horizons, to IV estimates based on Black's futures option pricing model (BIV) and time‐series forecasts based on historical volatility (TS‐HV). The results show that the BIV prediction is unbiased for different horizon forecasts. MFIV outperforms TS‐HV forecasts and, most importantly, BIV subsumes the information content of both MFIV and TS‐HV forecasts. The results are largely maintained for next‐day forecasts but the forecasting quality of the two IV measures declines as expiration day approaches. The information contents of MFIV and TS‐HV forecasts are complementary. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 32:792‐806, 2012     

Environmental Governance of Enterprises and their Economic Upshot through Corporate Reputation and Customer Satisfaction

Drawing on resource‐advantage and signalling theories, we investigate two mechanisms, namely corporate reputation and customer satisfaction, by which the environmental governance of enterprises can benefit their economic performance. Based on secondary data from the 500 largest US enterprises compiled from multiple sources, our findings contribute to the literature by establishing the link between corporate reputation and green reputation. We also establish the economic performance paths of environmental governance via corporate reputation and customer satisfaction. This study expounds on why ‘green’ matters and identifies the performance roles of two corporate strategic resources extractable from the environmental governance of enterprises. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

论马克思生产力理论的两个维度:要素生产力和协作生产力

在马克思创立的政治经济学中,研究对象虽为生产关系,但也包含丰富内容的生产及其生产力理论。传统的生产力理论是一维的要素生产力理论,而马克思的生产力理论实际是由要素生产力和协作生产力构成的二维理论体系。他在《资本论》中就是从这两个维度展开对生产和生产力分析的。这一新的认识,不仅恢复了其原意,更重要的是,它有利于为生产力的内生演变和发展提供新的理论解释。     

企业如何应对金融危机

中国企业目前应该加大本土市场的推广力度也可能遭遇购买力不足的难题.消费者的购买意愿降低,对价格的敏感度增高.尽管如此,还是要紧抓本土市场,随着产品质量上升,企业创新能力应当增强,我国市场大有机会.     

WTO对中国行政程序改革之影响

中国要发展，必须融入世界经济体系，这已成为不争的公识。中国加入WTO，无疑为中国角逐世界经济市场获得了国际法上的主体资格。当中国成为世贸组织一员，我们就必须遵守世贸组织确立的基本原则、规则及其所制定、管理的一系列协议。当代民主国家，经济的管理职能主要由政府代表国家行使，因此在某种意义上，世贸组织法则约束的主体是各成员国政府。尽管此类法则并不一定能够全面体现各成员国，尤其是发展中国家的意志，其规则的制定和实施更多受强国的左右，但世贸组织所确立的基本原则、政策目标及其基     

正视中西文化差异提高跨文化交际能力

进入21世纪以来，随着全球一体化进程的加快，我们和西方国家的交往日益频繁。然而，由于中西方不同的文化背景，我们在交往过程中会不可避免的产生一些障碍和摩擦，在理解、处理问题方面也存在一定的差异。本文针对这一问题从日常生活与交际方面入手，列举出几个我们常会遇到的问题并分析其产生的原因，从而使大家意识到跨文化交际的重要性，最后结合跨文化教育的现状提出几条有效地方法来培养我们的跨文化交际意识，提高跨文化交际能力。