农业技术创新模式的成功案例研究——新疆天业节水产业发展创新之路

对农业技术创新成功案例的追踪研究,是探究农业技术创新模式的最有效途径之一。新疆天业集团通过消化、吸收国外先进的滴灌技术,成功研发出中国式的膜下滴灌技术,并带动了我国节水产业由分散向集群化、标准化发展。通过对新疆天业节水产业发展成功案例的追踪调查和深入分析,我们发现新疆天业集团打破了引进—试用—推广的传统农业技术创新模式,采取了引进—消化—吸收—本地化的现代农业技术创新模式。该项农业技术创新模式的成功运作,对探索适合我国国情的农业技术创新模式和促进我国的农业现代化建设具有重要的借鉴意义。     

江苏省城市土地集约水平时空差异研究

城市土地集约利用是城市可持续发展的必然要求。根据江苏省城市土地集约利用现状及特点,从土地投入水平、土地利用程度、土地产出水平和土地生态效益四个方面建立了城市土地集约利用水平评价指标体系,运用基于熵值法的多因素综合评价方法对2005～2009年间江苏省13个地级城市土地集约利用水平进行时空差异分析,得出结论:(1)从时间变化特征上看,2005～2009年间江苏省城市土地利用集约度呈现总体上升趋势,但各地区之间存在差异;(2)从空间变化特征上看,由于受区位因素及产业结构等因素的影响,江苏省城市土地集约利用水平由南向北呈现明显的空间梯度差异,苏南地区的城市土地集约利用水平相对较高。最后根据影响因素的不同,有针对性地提出提高城市土地利用集约度的相应建议。     

旅游产业发展与居民消费结构——基于1994～2009年经验数据

旅游产业的发展和居民消费结构有重要的关联,研究居民消费结构的变化对旅游产业的发展具有十分重要的意义。通过对1994～2009年旅游消费和居民消费结构有关数据的分析,发现我国旅游消费的增长速度在不断放缓,导致旅游产业的发展可能面临瓶颈。城乡二元结构对旅游消费有重要影响,城镇居民旅游消费降低与住房、医疗和教育等支出有关,农村居民旅游消费可能会发展为新的增长点。     

随机货币冲击下的中国经济波动研究——基于RBC模型

中国居民消费存在明显的现金先行约束.在真实经济周期(RBC)模型中通过现金先行约束引入货币冲击符合中国经济运行特征.笔者在真实经济周期理论框架内分析了外生货币冲击对中国经济波动产生的影响.研究表明,货币发行冲击主要影响消费、投资和通胀率的波动,而其他主要经济变量(产出、就业等)的波幅基本不变.     

大学文化与大学内涵发展研究——以中南林业科技大学为例

我国大学未来的发展模式是从重视规模增长的外延式发展转变到依靠质量提高的内涵式发展的轨道上来。中南林业科技大学以文化建设为引导,以＂求是求新、树木树人＂为学校文化核心精神,以学科引领为龙头,以教育提质为中心,以人才强校为根本,以管理创新为保障,坚持走内涵式发展道路。     

罗尔斯和诺齐克经济正义论研究立场批判

罗尔斯和诺齐克的经济正义论在内容上虽有显著的差异,但他们从先验抽象的正义原则解释社会经济现实并力图使这些正义原则得到实现和贯彻的研究立场却是一致的。他们不是从一定历史阶段的社会生产方式出发来说明正义观念的产生,不是从社会经济结构本身说明财富分配方式的必然性,因此,他们的经济正义理论无法真正解决资本主义社会人们经济关系中的矛盾和冲突,是非科学的。     

限制产品严格责任适用范围的理论分析——基于利益平衡理论

我国《侵权责任法》产品责任中对生产者和销售者适用的是严格责任原则,目的是为了更加有效地保护消费者利益。该文通过对利益平衡理论的分析,阐述生产者与消费者之间不仅存在个体利益的对立和协调,还需要整体利益的统一与维护。在产品责任领域适用严格责任,应该对责任主体和适用范围等有所限制,否则就会导致严格责任的泛化,偏离其应有的规范功能。     

Testing for Regime Changes in Greek Sovereign Debt Crisis

This paper examines whether the efficiency market hypothesis for the Greek sovereign debt holds. As in Blanco et al. (2005) we test the theoretical equivalence of credit default swap (CDS) and spreads that dictates a CI relationship between the two. The main innovation of the present analysis is the use of a threshold vector error-correction (TVECM) model, thus allowing thresholds within the sample covering the period 1990 to 2010. Moreover, by employing this methodology we are able to evaluate the degree and dynamics of transaction costs resulting from various events due to external market imperfections but also domestic factors. The main hypothesis we test is to what extent spreads and CDS are indeed integrated that may result in an efficient and integrated segniorage capital market. Our findings support the gradual integration hypothesis. We find that spreads and CDS are cointegrated, though threshold effects are also revealed in terms of events that have impacted on markets.     

Fiscal Autonomy and Total Government Expenditure: An Austrian Case-study

The ongoing debate on the efficiency of a federal system versus a centralized system has lead to a diverse and unclear empirical picture of the effects of fiscal decentralization on public sector growth. For analyzing these effects it is crucial to consider the sub-national decision power on taxing and spending. In the current paper, we test for the effects of fiscal autonomy on total government expenditure using time series from 1955 to 2007 for Austria. Determinants of government expenditure are economic growth, fiscal illusion of policy makers, and the unemployment rate. We additionally account for different degrees of sub-national fiscal autonomy. Our econometric results suggest that the often-hypothesized dampening effects of fiscal autonomy cannot be corroborated for the Austrian system.     

Under what conditions may social contracts arise? Evidence from the Hanseatic League

Social contractarians commonly take social contracts to be solely hypothetical and refrain from elaborating on the factors that influence the feasibility of the formation of social contracts. In contrast, this paper aims at providing a discussion of the conditions affecting the feasibility of social contracts. I argue that the more aligned the preferences of group members for public goods are, the more the individuals share similar social norms, and the smaller the group is the more feasible a genuine social contract becomes. I provide evidence in support of my contention from the medieval Hanseatic League. At the Hanseatic Kontor in Novgorod, one of the four major trading posts of the Hanseatic League in cities outside of Germany, German merchants agreed to live under the rule of a constitution that gave rise to a political authority for the Kontor society.