The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Dynamics of the federal funds target rate: a nonstationary discrete choice approach

We apply a discrete choice approach to model the empirical behaviour of the Federal Reserve in changing the federal funds target rate, the benchmark of short‐term market interest rates in the US. Our methods allow the explanatory variables to be nonstationary as well as stationary. This feature is particularly useful in the present application as many economic fundamentals that are monitored by the Fed and are believed to affect decisions to adjust interest rate targets display some nonstationarity over time. The chosen model successfully predicts the majority of the target rate changes during the time period considered (1994–2001) and helps to explain strings of similar intervention decisions by the Fed. Based on the model‐implied optimal interest rate, our findings suggest that there is a lag in the Fed's reaction to economic shocks during this period. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Glamour and Value Strategies on the Tokyo Stock Exchange

This paper evaluates the performance of glamour and value strategies and tests the extrapolation model for the Japanese equity market. In general, value stocks outperform glamour stocks by between 6 and 12 percent per annum for the five years after portfolio formation. Evidence from past, future and expected growth provides strong support for the story developed in Lakonishok, Shleifer and Vishny (1994). It is difficult to attribute the value premia to the difference, if any, in risk factors. In addition, the book-to-market premium is much closer to an arbitrage opportunity than the size premium.     

市场经济中的地租形式研究

我国现有地租形式-批租制与年租制的单调和局限性，致使无法运用它们完成对全部城镇国有土地的地租征缴。理论界对现有地租形式进行中庸式的综合，创造出两种新的地租形式-短租制与长约年租制，但仍有种种不足，本文对长约年租制进行了改进，并结合土地金融手段，设计了一种全新的地租形式-按揭批租制。     

Jackknifing Bond Option Prices

Prices of interest rate derivative securities depend cruciallyon the mean reversion parameters of the underlying diffusions.These parameters are subject to estimation bias when standardmethods are used. The estimation bias can be substantial evenin very large samples and much more serious than the discretizationbias, and it translates into a bias in pricing bond optionsand other derivative securities that is important in practicalwork. This article proposes a very general and computationallyinexpensive method of bias reduction that is based on Quenouille's(1956; Biometrika, 43, 353–360) jackknife. We show howthe method can be applied directly to the options price itselfas well as the coefficients in the models. We investigate itsperformance in a Monte Carlo study. Empirical applications toU.S. dollar swap rates highlight the differences between bondand option prices implied by the jackknife procedure and thoseimplied by the standard approach. These differences are largeand suggest that bias reduction in pricing options is importantin practical applications.     

中国出境旅游"双高"格局与政策取向辨析——兼与戴学锋、巫宁同志商榷

中国出境旅游的高增长和高消费现象引发了对出境旅游不经济性的讨论.本文通过与"中国出境旅游高速增长的负面影响探析"一文作者的商榷,认为出境旅游的迅速发展是我国现阶段宏观经济发展的必然结果,属于"补涨"性质;出境旅游消费存在"虚高"现象;出境旅游的发展为我国旅游业跨国经营创造了有利条件,而跨国经营是克服出境旅游不经济性的最佳途径.     

人民币现行汇率制度的实际归类法研究——基于修正的LYS分类法的聚类分析

在对LYS分类法经过修正后,本文利用2006年国际货币基金组织160个成员国(地区)的数据进行了聚类分析,发现人民币当前的实际汇率制度为爬行钉住汇率制度,而不是名义上的管理浮动。从当前的形势来看,人民币采取爬行钉住汇率制度有一定的合理性,但这更多地是一种过渡性质的安排,最终人民币还是要实现真正的管理浮动。此外,本文附录中还给出了所有160个国家(地区)在2006年的汇率制度归类情况。     

地质雷达探测技术在水库放水洞病害治理中的应用

为解决新疆努尔加水库放水洞内壁渗水、渍水等病害问题,根据工程特征和病害治理的要求,运用地质雷达探测技术对放水涵洞进行了检测.采用地质雷达探测仪,对放水涵洞洞身进行全断面扫描,完成了八条雷达测试剖面线.探测涉及的介质有砂砾石层、黏土、沙土、泥岩、砂岩、混凝土、钢筋、钢管、地下水、空气.通过分析探测目标体的电性差异和边界特...     

浅议市场调查环境的可持续发展

<正>市场调查是用科学的方法、客观的态度,以市场和市场营销中的各种问题为调查研究对象,有效地收集和分析有关信息,从而为制定各项营销决策提供基础性数据和资料。其中,市场调查的科学性和真实性离不开市场调查环