Political hazards and entry modes of Chinese investments in Africa

Africa has achieved the fastest growth rate of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) recently. Yet heightened political hazards present substantial challenges to foreign firms in Africa. This study examines the entry strategies that firms may take to mitigate such hazards by exploring the relationship between political hazards and entry mode choices in Africa. We further consider how an investing firm’s host country experience and foreign aid provided by its home country government to host countries in Africa can influence this relationship. In a sample of listed Chinese firms’ investments in Africa from 2000 to 2014, we find that Chinese firms tend to use the joint venture mode when political hazards are high in an African country. This relationship is weakened when they accumulate host country experience and when the Chinese government’s foreign aid to an African country increases. Our findings point to firm-level strategies to mitigate political hazards as well as instruments available to home country governments to help their multinational firms operating in host countries characterized by unstable political environments.     

论农业企业应对电子商务的策略

本文所涉及的农业企业是指种养加产供销一体化经营的农业产业化链条上的所有企业,既包括作为农业生产基本单位的广大农户又包括与农业产业化相关的各业企业。农业企业在迅速崛起的电子商务中有劣势也有潜力。 1.农业企业在电子商务中的劣势 (1)农业企业分散经营,交易规模不经济;环境闭塞,信息不灵,传递不便,交易中难     

城市基础设施经营机制的改革--市场化

我国城市基础市政公用设施供给不足,另一方面建设资金严重匮乏,投资结构不尽合理,制约了它的发展.城市基础设施经营机制的改革--市场化势在必行.市场化意味着城市基础设施产品和服务可以由政府以外的经济主体来投资建设和经营,并向公众提供.但是政府要对其进入条件、价格合理性、产品的技术质量等进行适当的干预.     

防空导弹垂直发射技术的现状及趋势

本文介绍了防空导弹发射技术的现状,垂直发射技术的特点、发射方式和关键技术,国外采用垂直发射技术的几种防空导弹型号以及垂直发射技术的发展趋势。     

组织适应力与战略选择：企业成长的双重主题

市场环境和组织内部环境变化日益加快,企业的成长是否具有可持续性愈来愈成为战略管理的理论与实践所关注的内容。分析了战略选择与组织适应能力互补互动对企业的可持续成长的重要影响。     

一个实物期权例子求解方法的辨析

对注会教材《财务成本管理》关于时机选择期权例子中计算报酬率方法的错误进行了讨论,指出了应该采用的正确方法,并对该例进行了重新计算与分析。     

水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯对喜树种子中次生代谢产物含量的影响

水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯均使萌发喜树种子喜树碱含量在初期下降,后期上升;但其衍生物10-羟基喜树碱在第1天迅速上升,但随后几天水杨酸处理组一直低于对照,茉莉酸甲酯处理组相对对照呈波动变化,且高浓度茉莉酸甲酯处理下波动幅度更大。种子中总酚和总黄酮含量均呈逐渐下降趋势,但不同处理未发现明显差异。     

Limit theorems for reflected Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes

This paper studies one‐dimensional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) processes, with the distinguishing feature that they are reflected on a single boundary (put at level 0) or two boundaries (put at levels 0 and d > 0). In the literature, they are referred to as reflected OU (ROU) and doubly reflected OU (DROU), respectively. For both cases, we explicitly determine the decay rates of the (transient) probability to reach a given extreme level. The methodology relies on sample‐path large deviations, so that we also identify the associated most likely paths. For DROU, we also consider the ‘idleness process’ L_t and the ‘loss process’ U_t, which are the minimal non‐decreasing processes, which make the OU process remain ≥ 0 and ≤ d, respectively. We derive central limit theorems (CLTs) for U_t and L_t, using techniques from stochastic integration and the martingale CLT.     

第三方物流知识管理研究

成功的第三方物流企业需要实现物流知识一体化,即在支持客户的采购、生产制造、分拨配送的物流流程中,实施物流知识的整合;同时,利用畅通的反馈机制和交流机制,以正确的知识来指导流程的集成和改进,并通过改进的流程来检验和更新知识。因此,具备创造和运用知识的能力和效率,即具备知识管理的能力是第三方物流企业发展的关键成功因素。     

基于制造业ERP构建企业多层数据仓库

文章针对目前制造业ERP在决策支持方面的不足,提出了基于制造业ERP构建由标准数据仓库、多维数据库和数据挖掘库等组成的企业多层数据仓库体系框架,阐述了该体系框架的构建方法和过程,并分析了一个应用实例。