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991.
992.
Market frictions inhibit the perfect replication of property derivatives, and define the property spread as a price measure
in the incomplete real estate market. We identify transaction costs, transaction time, and short sale constraints as the main
frictions in this market. Based on these frictions, we set up a framework of arbitrage free price bounds for property derivatives.
In turn, we use observed derivative prices to determine the implied cost of the frictions. Lastly, we verify these values
by using other research, which confirms the accuracy of our framework. 相似文献
993.
Dean Bruton 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2011,21(3):321-333
This paper puts the case for using a pedagogical framework based on the principles of grammatical design in conjunction with
conventional creative problem solving strategies in higher education to foster learning for innovation and creativity. It
explores the design and delivery of an inaugural creativity and innovation course that used a combination of individual and
group projects to explore the combinatorial use of creative problem solving strategies and grammatical design schemas. Using
established creative thinking evaluation techniques and reflective practice journals offers a powerful path for the creative
development of innovative ideas. Testing (Torrance, Creativity in the classroom, 1977) found that the figurative based creative thinking scores of an experimental group of non-designer undergraduate students
significantly improved according to pre and post course tests. Two dimensional and three dimensional design assessment tasks
were completed in conjunction with a series of creative problem solving teamwork sessions. Standard SELTS course evaluation
also strongly suggests there is value in the active teaching of creativity strategies for the recognition of valuable problems
and the development of innovative solutions. 相似文献
994.
CHRISTOPHER S. ARMSTRONG JOHN E. CORE DANIEL J. TAYLOR ROBERT E. VERRECCHIA 《Journal of Accounting Research》2011,49(1):1-40
This paper examines when information asymmetry among investors affects the cost of capital in excess of standard risk factors. When equity markets are perfectly competitive, information asymmetry has no separate effect on the cost of capital. When markets are imperfect, information asymmetry can have a separate effect on firms’ cost of capital. Consistent with our prediction, we find that information asymmetry has a positive relation with firms’ cost of capital in excess of standard risk factors when markets are imperfect and no relation when markets approximate perfect competition. Overall, our results show that the degree of market competition is an important conditioning variable to consider when examining the relation between information asymmetry and cost of capital. 相似文献
995.
The zero bound on interest rates introduces a new dimension to the trilemma in international policy. The openness of the international financial market might render monetary policy ineffective, even within a system of fully flexible exchange rates, because shocks that lead to a liquidity trap in one country are propagated through financial markets to other countries. However, the effectiveness of monetary policy can be restored by the imposition of capital controls. We derive the optimal response of monetary policy to a global liquidity trap in the presence of capital controls. We show that, even though capital controls might facilitate effective monetary policy, capital controls are not generally desirable in terms of welfare. 相似文献
996.
M. V. Moroshkina 《Studies on Russian Economic Development》2016,27(4):441-445
Assessments of the level of interregional differences by per capita GRP in current and constant prices are presented in the article. The tendencies of inequality in economic development of the regions of Russia in 1990–2013 have been studied. 相似文献
997.
This paper estimates information stickiness with regard to inflation expectations in the United States and the Eurozone for the 1981/06–2015/12 and 1998/Q4–2015/Q2 periods, respectively, and further investigates whether such information stickiness is state-dependent. Based on a bootstrap sub-sample rolling-window estimation, we find that information stickiness varies over time, which contradicts the strict time dependency implied under sticky-information theory. We provide evidence that information stickiness depends on inflation volatility, which indicates that information stickiness is state-dependent and that it has a time trend. Using a threshold model, we estimate structural changes in the state-dependence and time-trend of information stickiness. The results show that information stickiness has been more dependent on inflation volatility and has had a higher time-trend in both regions following the 2008 financial crisis. 相似文献
998.
Keita Owari 《Asia-Pacific Financial Markets》2011,18(1):89-103
This paper addresses the applicability of the convex duality method for utility maximization, in the presence of random endowment.
When the underlying price process is a locally bounded semimartingale, we show that the fundamental duality relation holds
true, for a wide class of utility functions and unbounded random endowments. We show this duality by exploiting Rockafellar’s
theorem on integral functionals, to a random utility function. 相似文献
999.
Santiago J. Gangotena 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2017,30(1):51-82
Neo-Walrasian conceptualizations and DSGE models are incompatible with the emergence of coordination and discoordination in economic activity. While many conceptualizations stemming from the Austrian tradition are generally consistent with these fundamental problems, their process driven approach is hampered by the use of equilibrium constructs. This paper argues for the adoption of formal models that avoid this problem by addressing the following questions. Why should Austrian macroeconomists model? Where do models fit in with respect to pure and applied theory? How to model without equilibrium? To answer this final question I present a structure that aids in the construction and communication of such models. 相似文献
1000.
Kubilay Gok John J. Sumanth William H. Bommer Ozgur Demirtas Aykut Arslan Jared Eberhard Ali Ihsan Ozdemir Ahmet Yigit 《Journal of Business Ethics》2017,142(2):257-258
Although a growing body of research has shown the positive impact of ethical leadership on workplace deviance, questions remain as to whether its benefits are consistent across all situations. In this investigation, we explore an important boundary condition of ethical leadership by exploring how employees’ moral awareness may lessen the need for ethical leadership. Drawing on substitutes for leadership theory, we suggest that when individuals already possess a heightened level of moral awareness, ethical leadership’s role in reducing deviant actions may be reduced. However, when individuals lack this strong moral disposition, ethical leadership may be instrumental in inspiring them to reduce their deviant actions. To enhance the external validity and generalizability of our findings, the current research used two large field samples of working professionals in both Turkey and the USA. Results suggest that ethical leadership’s positive influence on workplace deviance is dependent upon the individual’s moral awareness—helpful for those employees whose moral awareness is low, but not high. Thus, our investigation helps to build theory around the contingencies of ethical leadership and the specific audience for whom it may be more (or less) influential. 相似文献