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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
961.
We reveal an interesting convex duality relationship between two problems: (a) minimizing the probability of lifetime ruin
when the rate of consumption is stochastic and the individual can invest in a Black–Scholes financial market; (b) a controller-and-stopper
problem, in which the controller controls the drift and volatility of a process in order to maximize a running reward based
on that process, and the stopper chooses the time to stop the running reward and pays the controller a final amount at that
time. Our primary goal is to show that the minimal probability of ruin, whose stochastic representation does not have a classical
form as does the utility maximization problem (i.e., the objective’s dependence on the initial values of the state variables
is implicit), is the unique classical solution of its Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation, which is a non-linear boundary-value
problem. We establish our goal by exploiting the convex duality relationship between (a) and (b). 相似文献
962.
Co-monotonicity of optimal investments and the design of structured financial products 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marc Oliver Rieger 《Finance and Stochastics》2011,15(1):27-55
We prove that, under very weak conditions, optimal financial products on complete markets are co-monotone with the reversed
state price density. Optimality is meant in the sense of the maximization of an arbitrary preference model, e.g., expected
utility theory or prospect theory. The proof is based on a result from transport theory. We apply the general result to specific
situations, in particular the case of a market described by the Capital Asset Pricing Model or the Black–Scholes model, where
we derive a generalization of the two-fund-separation theorem and give an extension to APT factor models and structured products
with several underlyings. We use our results to derive a new approach to optimization in wealth management, based on a direct
optimization of the return distribution of the portfolio. In particular, we show that optimal products can (essentially) be
written as monotonic functions of the market return. We provide existence and nonexistence results for optimal products in
this framework. Finally we apply our results to the study of bonus certificates, show that they are not optimal, and construct
a cheaper product yielding the same return distribution. 相似文献
963.
Ros McLellan Bill Nicholl 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2011,21(1):71-92
Creativity is acknowledged to be important for economic growth and as an everyday life-skill, however several influential
reports have suggested that education could do more to harness creative talent. Creative cognition literature suggests the
lack of creativity is at least partly the result of ‘fixation’ (difficulty in generating novel ideas due to imagination being
‘structured’ by existing knowledge). This paper focuses on the secondary (students aged 11–16 years) design and technology
(D&T) context in the UK. Here we examine whether teacher practice can contribute to fixation by focusing on one specific facet
of teacher practice in D&T; the use of product analysis to inform the generation of creative design ideas. Data is drawn from
the preliminary phase of a research and intervention project from interviews with D&T teachers (N = 14), students (N = 126) and lesson observations (N = 10) and an analysis of documents and student work. Product analysis is widely used at different points in design projects
but, as is shown, in all cases current practice can lead to fixation, as thinking is constrained down specific paths and tasks
are at best at procedural rather than comprehension level. The implications of these findings and tentative ways forward for
practitioners are discussed. 相似文献
964.
Der Beitrag stellt Insurance-linked Securities (“ILS”) als Instrument des alternativen Risikotransfers dar und grenzt ILS von anderen Instrumenten des alternativen Risikotransfers
ab. 相似文献
965.
Mario Meichle Angelo Ranaldo Attilio Zanetti 《Financial Markets and Portfolio Management》2011,25(4):435-453
We analyze the forecasting ability of financial variables to predict the state of the Swiss business cycle up to eight quarters
ahead. Overall, our results suggest that financial variables convey leading information for the prediction of business cycles,
even when applied to a small open economy. However, we clearly find that model specifications need to be extended to include
variables accounting for external shocks, such as exchange rates or international commodity prices. It also appears that the
forecasting contribution of individual variables changes over time. Specifically, in the last two decades, stock market liquidity
has replaced the term spread as the best single predictor. 相似文献
966.
Kili C Wang Jin-Lung Peng Yi-Yun Sun Yao-Chia Chang 《The GENEVA Risk and Insurance Review》2011,36(2):202-219
This paper investigates the problem of asymmetric information in Taiwan’s cancer insurance market. Through the survey data, we find evidence of adverse selection existing in this market. Furthermore, we collect additional information on the individual, and find that the individual’s family cancer history contains additional valuable information. It can not only more accurately predict the probability of contracting cancer, as well as predict the willingness to purchase extended cancer insurance, but it can also help to mitigate the severity of adverse selection in the insurance market. 相似文献
967.
968.
Beate Sauer 《International Advances in Economic Research》2016,22(2):117-130
Virtual currencies are in vogue mainly due to two factors. First, as a protest against authority-driven monetary policy decisions and second, as alternatives to deficits in some monetary systems arising out of political instability or other causes. Assuming that virtual currencies indeed (partially) replace national currencies as payment vehicles, we attempt, in this article, to integrate the virtual currency supply and demand into the Keynesian money market framework. This article presents a few results for the central banks and outlines problems that may result for monetary policy formulation. Since this is the first such attempt to model a national money market as a combination of nationally-issued currency and globally-issued virtual currency, certain simplistic assumptions have been made. Nevertheless, the model offers directions on the impact of virtual currencies on the monetary system and the national money market. Additionally, the paper integrates the official standpoints of the European Central Bank and the Bank of England on this topic. 相似文献
969.
In this work, we simulate the effects of the tax autonomy of the Austrian states on the levels of public employment in each state. We show that depending on the strength of the public sector lobby, tax autonomy would require a reduction of employment in the public sector of between 25 and 35% of the current level. We also show that tax autonomy increases welfare levels by 1–1.5%; that is, the positive change in the disposable income of the workers more than offsets the welfare loss resulting from the lower provision of public goods. Finally, we show that the reduction of public employment is superior in terms of welfare to an alternative scenario in which employment levels are held constant but the wage levels in the public sector are adjusted. 相似文献
970.
Andre R. Neveu 《Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination》2018,13(2):241-281
The financial crisis led to a number of new systemic risk measures and a renewed concern over the risk of contagion. This paper surveys the systemic risk literature with a focus on the importance of contributions made by those emphasizing a network-based approach, and how that compares with more commonly used approaches. Research on systemic risk has generally found that the risk of contagion through domino effects is minimal, and thus emphasized focusing on the resiliency of the financial system to broad macroeconomic shocks. Theoretical, methodological, and empirical work is critically examined to provide insight on how and why regulators have emphasized deregulation, diversification, size-based regulations, and portfolio-based coherent systemic risk measures. Furthermore, in the context of network analysis, this paper reviews and critically assesses newly created systemic risk measures. Network analysis and agent-based modeling approaches to understanding network formation offer promise in helping understand contagion, and also detecting fragile systems before they collapse. Theory and evidence discussed here implies that regulators and researchers need to gain an improved understanding of how topology, capital requirements, and liquidity interact. 相似文献