Analysis of the status and trends of applications of advanced manufacturing technologies in Russia

The article has analyzed trends in applying advanced manufacturing technologies in Russia in 2005–2014. The dynamics of technical process structures in the context of applications has been considered. The dynamics of the age structure and the structure of technologies in use in annual terms by the place of acquiring has been assessed. The start-up, availability, and removal balance of technologies has been formed, the effective start-up level, and possible ways to improve the state statistical indicators of innovation development have been determined.     

Nanotechnology and the new technological revolution: Expectations and reality

This paper reviews the existing mechanisms of innovative development in the world economy focusing on emerging technologies markets evolution on the example of nanotechnology. The question has been raised of whether nanotechnologies can provide the core of the new technological revolution, and whether these prospects exist for NBIC convergence. In this connection the development of the global market for nano-enabled products following the 2007–2009 crisis and the reliability of the related development forecasts have been assessed. Particular attention has been paid to peculiarities of nanoenabled product market structure and the impact of stagnating R&D costs in the field of nanotechnology.     

Government bond market: Potential for establishing a system of primary dealers in Russia based on relevant world experience

The paper considers a potential improvement in the stability of the Russian government bond market by establishing a system of primary dealers. The existing world models of primary dealership are identified and their relations with national market peculiarities are determined based on the analysis of statistics and regulatory documents of 22 countries. The revealed regularities allow the authors to propose a private dealership model adapted to the specifics of the domestic economy.     

System-dynamic model of regional economy: The case of Rostov oblast

This article presents a method of simulation modeling that is broadly used in regional process studies. Based on this model, we have developed a system of supporting decision-making intended for regional development. Potential development scenarios for the Rostov oblast have been elaborated using statistical data about the region.     

Provincial Rapeseed Acreage models And Some policy Implications

Econometric models of the provincial rapeseed acreage are developed for Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, acknowledging that acreage responses differ among the three producing provinces. The OLS and the seemingly unrelated regression methods are used for estimation. The effects of explanatory variables are substantially different in their magnitudes among the provinces, and yet the three models as a whole are consistent with an aggregate model for the prairie region. Price elasticities of the rapeseed acreage obtained from the models show that the acreage is quite elastic with respect to both its own price and wheat price. Finally, the models are employed in estimating the effects on the rapeseed acreage of the railway branchline abandonment recommended by the Hall Commission. This shows that individual provinces would have somewhat different impacts from the Recommendation. Le rapport expose des modèles économétriques de la production de colza en Alberta, en Saskatchewan et au Manitoba, tout en tenant compte que les variations dans la superficie cultivée diffèrent dans les trois provinces productrices. Pour leur estimation, les auteurs ont eu recours à la méthode des moindres carrés et à la méthode d'estimation simultanée. L'importance des effets des variables explicatives diffère sensiblement d'une province à l'autre; néanmoins, dans leur ensemble, les trois modèles cadrent avec un modèle global pour les Prairies. D'après les coefficients d'élasticité-prix obtenus à partir des modèles, la superficie cultivée de colza est à la fois élastique au prix du colza et à celui du blé. Les modèles servent enfin à estimer l'incidence sur la superficie cultivée de colza, de l'abandon d'embranchements ferroviaires recommandé par la Commission Hall. II en ressort pour chacune des provinces des implications quelque peu diffèrentes de celles de la recommendation de la dite Commission.     

The global markets of renewable energy sources and the national interests of Russia

The current state and the prospects of the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in the world, their total and technical potential and fields of application, and their advantages and disadvantages in comparison with fossil kinds of fuel are considered. Special attention is given to nonconventional RES. The reasons why Russia is lagging behind in the use of these sources are analyzed.     

Price and profitability in fish smoking in southwestern Nigeria

Comparative market prices for four freshwater and four marine fish species in the raw and processed forms were determined in a survey within Lagos and Oyo States of Nigeria. Costs of processed fish were calculated relative to the sale prices of their raw equivalents, taking moisture differences and cost of processing into consideration. All the species would have to be sold in the processed form for much higher prices than was found during the survey if sales were to be by weight. Processed catfish, sardine, mudfish and mackerel appear to be sold at a loss while three species (tilapia, sole and bongafish) are sold at very marginal profit. Only tigerfish is sold at reasonable profit. It is suggested that anyone going into fish smoking as a modern business venture should be prepared to face unfair competition in pricing from the small operators who appear to be underpricing their products and who currently dominate almost the entire fish market in Nigeria.     

Satisfaction with household production: the effect of time spent in household production by husbands and wives

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between the extent of household production and satisfaction with household production. Data were obtained from 400 married couples who responded to a postal questionnaire. The dependent variable was an index of satisfaction incorporating two aspects of household production, quality and quantity. Regression analysis indicated that of the three variables representing the extent of household production in the model — hours spent by each spouse in household production and an activity index to measure the number of household production activities — only husband's hours spent in household production demonstrated a significant, independent effect. Other significant variables included husband's hours of market work, household net worth, age of respondent and gender of respondent. Two significant interactions indicated that (i) the relationship between wife's hours of household production and satisfaction with household production differed according to the gender of the respondent, and (ii) the relationship of husband's hours of market work and satisfaction differed according to the age of the respondent.