道路施工扬尘排放特征分析及控制措施

随着我国加大对于道路基础设施的建设,我国经济增长的同时也伴随着施工扬尘的产生,道路建设也成为造成当地空气质量问题的重要因素,扬尘扩散也对人类健康造成严重影响.目前的扬尘治理缺乏科学指导,浪费大量人力及财力资源.本文针对道路施工不同工序特征结合大气扩散理论,探究在道路建设中扬尘产生的影响因素及扩散机理,提出道路建设施工扬尘控制措施,有效抑制扬尘产生扩散,减少环境污染.     

不确定环境下创业型领导如何提升组织创新绩效

创业型领导是企业应对高度不确定环境的有效领导力，通过机会开发、变革创新保持竞争优势与实现可持续发展。依据战略创业理论和效果推理理论，对高科技企业高管和员工展开问卷调查，探究不确定环境下创业型领导对组织创新绩效的影响机制。结果表明：创业型领导正向预测组织创新绩效；组织即兴在二者之间起部分中介作用；环境动态性正向调节创业型领导与组织即兴关系，并进一步调节组织即兴在创业型领导与组织创新绩效间的中介效应。该研究发现对企业充分发挥领导效能、促进组织创新具有重要指导意义。     

How entrepreneurs recognise entrepreneurial opportunity and its gaps: a cognitive theory perspective

ABSTRACT

Previous studies have verified the relationship between entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and performance. However, the influences of a perceived gap between entrepreneurial opportunities before and after launching a new venture have been neglected. This study applied the partial least square method to analyse the entrepreneurial behaviours and performance of 214 Taiwanese new ventures, and adapted the bootstrap re-sampling method for estimating the variables. The empirical results showed that entrepreneurial resource and entrepreneurial alertness significantly influence the perceived opportunity, while the entrepreneurial resource significantly affects the actual opportunity. The results further demonstrated that both the perceived opportunity and actual opportunity considerably influence new venture performance. This study offered a research framework to better understand the cognition path of entrepreneurial opportunity, and suggested the factors affecting the recognition of perceived opportunity by longitudinal method can be further evaluated. To improve performance, entrepreneurs should enrich entrepreneurial resources and allocate them appropriately, and heighten and maintain their alertness to reduce the perceived gap arising from recognising entrepreneurial opportunities.     

股权激励、反收购条款与企业创新

股权激励和反收购措施是公司内外部治理机制的重要方式.文章以2006—2017年沪深两市上市公司为研究样本,将股权激励、反收购条款和企业创新纳入统一分析框架中,考察两种公司治理机制对企业创新的综合影响.研究发现:股权激励显著提升企业创新产出水平,但反收购条款负向调节股权激励对企业创新的促进作用,控制内生性后结论依然成立.进一步分情景分样本进行分析发现,股权激励的创新效果相对稳定,但反收购条款的负向调节作用明显受外界环境和条件的影响,主要体现在市场竞争程度低、股权分散程度低及高管风险偏好程度低的企业中.本文的研究结论对理解股权激励的实施效果及反收购条款的公司治理作用具有一定的参考意义.     

The Benefits of Political Connection: Evidence from Individual Bank-Loan Contracts

This paper investigates whether political connections improve the access of firms to financing. We propose three hypotheses to prove that political benefits exist. First, do politically connected firms obtain preferential treatment for bank loans? Second, if these firms do obtain preferential treatment, do they benefit from government-owned banks (GOBs) more than from privately owned banks? Third, is the preferential treatment from GOBs enhanced during presidential election years? We examine these three questions by using detailed data on political connections and 69,332 individual bank-loan contracts for listed firms in Taiwan from 1991 to 2008. The empirical results generally support our hypotheses.     

贤能制度中的偏袒主义:基于对明代科举的考察

科举被认为是古代中国在贤能政治上的重要制度创新,但权力仍可能对科举的公正性造成侵蚀。本文利用明代科举数据,考察了明代权力中枢(内阁)对科举取士的影响。研究发现,内阁对科举会试阶段的影响并不显著;但在殿试阶段,与阁臣拥有相同籍贯(同府或同省异府)的考生将获得更高的甲第,并且更有可能在馆选中被选为庶吉士。阁臣中,首辅对殿试和庶吉士选拔的影响较次辅更大。研究还发现阁臣卸任之后对科举的影响即不复存在,而次辅对科举殿试的影响则随着任职时间的延长而加强。因此,顶层权力的影响导致了明代科举中地域偏袒主义的存在。     

员工企业社会责任感知影响人力资源管理效能？—基于领导行为的协同中介

通过对贵州、广东和福建3个省80家企业1148名员工进行调研,基于员工对企业社会责任、领导行为感知对人力资源管理效能带来积极影响为研究问题构建了一个中介模型。企业社会责任在组织微观层面的内涵越来越得到企业的重视,实现了员工的企业社会责任由产出需求转向投资视角,成为企业满足员工工作需要和工作资源的参照标准体系,有利于提升企业人力资源管理效能。本文研究发现:企业社会责任分别从企业经济责任、法律责任、伦理责任和自行裁量责任影响人力资源管理效能;变革型领导和交易型领导对企业社会责任和人力资源管理效能具有协同中介作用。研究结论对于企业社会责任、领导行为和人力资源管理三者匹配具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

Constrained Morality in the Professional Work of Corporate Lawyers

In this article, we contribute to sociological literatures on morality, professional and institutional contexts, and morally stigmatized ‘dirty work’ by emphasizing and exploring how they mutually inform one another in lawyers’ work activities. Drawing on interview data with 58 practitioners in the commercial legal industry in Singapore, we analyze how they experience professional and institutional constraints on the expressions of morality in their work. Our findings illustrate how a dominant managerial and economic focus maintains and reproduces a constrained form of morality, limited to instrumental, utilitarian and commercial ends, and subordinated to lucrative client and firm interests. We discuss our findings in terms of the need to research and reform professions in ways that support more rounded and unconstrained moral reflexivity and autonomy in how work is undertaken and valued. This in turn has implications for how organizations and professions might achieve alternative moral institutional orders, and for legal work to avoid the moral and social taints of dirty work.

     

山西省旅游市场规模预测——基于灰色系统理论的分析

随着经济社会转型跨越式的发展,山西省对第三产业尤其是旅游行业的发展给予高度重视。文章基于山西省2005—2012年国内外旅游接待人数的数据资料,利用灰色系统GM(1,1)预测模型对山西省未来五年的旅游市场规模进行预测并对其进行了残差检验、后验差检验和小误差概率检验。预测结果表明山西省未来几年旅游业总体市场规模仍然保持快速增长的趋势。最后根据预测结果对山西省旅游业的发展提出了相应的建议。     

Fiscal Subsidy Policy on Home Appliances: Its Effects on Domestic Consumption and Exports in China

This paper evaluates the effects of the Home Appliances Going to the Countryside (HAGC) policy, a fiscal subsidy program implemented in China to boost private consumption of home appliances in rural areas from 2007 to 2012. Using the policy as a natural experiment and employing the difference‐in‐difference estimator, we find that the policy did not increase domestic sales of relevant goods as expected; instead, it actually reduced domestic sales and significantly promoted exports. These surprising results are robust across regressions of alternative datasets, more controls, and different regions. We further provide detailed information of undisclosed audit data for a county in Zhejiang province to shed light on the underlying mechanism of such unexpected results, suggesting loopholes in the HAGC and changes in export tax rebate rates.