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991.
We characterize zero tax results geometrically as a condition on indifference curves and the implementability constraint.
The condition can also be expressed as a generalized homotheticity condition on the utility function and also extends older
results on uniform taxation that use the duality approach. Many zero taxation results in dynamic macroeconomics can be derived
from our characterization; thus it provides a unified framework for a systematic study of these phenomena. Our geometric method
also allows to study the sign of deviations from zero tax results in more complicated frameworks such as taxation without
commitment.
相似文献
992.
993.
Contracting for Health Services with Unmonitored Quality 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
In both the NHS and Medicare, recent emphasis has been on contracts with payment based only on the number of patients treated. It is shown that, without direct monitoring of quality or effort to reduce costs, such contracts are efficient only when it is efficient to treat all patients wanting treatment. It may not be when treatment costs are insured or subsidised. Such contracts can then be improved by including payments for the number of patients wanting treatment, as well as for the number actually treated. Even then, the outcome will not generally be efficient if quality is multi-dimensional. 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
Constitutional Choice and Prosperity: A Factor Analysis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Martin Leschke 《Constitutional Political Economy》2000,11(3):265-279
Forempirical purposes most studies on the influence of freedom on prosperity across nations use either aggregate measuresof economic freedom combined with a measure of political liberty,or single components of these aggregates to describe the freedom-variable.For a scholar of constitutional economics, both these approachesdo not seem to be satisfactory. From his theoretical viewpointhe would favor an approach that focuses on properties of thepolitico-economic order that can be interpreted as appropriateconstraints for preferred outcomes. Factor analysis is the methodused in this paper to extract from a pool of components thatdescribe freedom two main factors, namely (1) the appropriatenessof the framework in which the market operates, and (2) the degreeof political interventions into the market process. It is shownthat these two factors have great influence on the prosperityof nations. 相似文献
997.
998.
Martin Kolmar 《Constitutional Political Economy》2000,11(4):371-374
In a recentcontribution to Constitutional Political Economy, Azariadis andGalasso argued that due to the fact that constitutions allowfor a partial precommitment of the individuals, constitutionalrules are a good means to guarantee an efficient level of redistributionbetween generations. I argue that constitutional rules have noinherent advantage with respect to commitment compared to otherrules. However, the beneficial role of constitutions stems fromtheir ability to create a focal point that helps to solve theequilibrium selection problem. 相似文献
999.
Martin Dietz 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2008,88(4):254-259
Durch den aktuellen Aufschwung ist es zu einem deutlichen Rückgang der Arbeitslosigkeit gekommen. Profitieren davon auch die
?lteren Arbeitnehmer? Wie lang sind ?ltere im Durchschnitt arbeitslos? Welche Probleme hat diese Gruppe bei der Wiedereingliederung
in den Arbeitsmarkt? Wie sollte die Arbeitsmarktpolitik auf diese Probleme reagieren?
Dr. Martin Dietz, 37, ist wissenschaftlicher Referent am Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung in Nürnberg. 相似文献
1000.
A meta-analysis of humor in advertising 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Martin Eisend 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2009,37(2):191-203
This meta-analysis combines 369 correlations on the effects of humor in advertising and thus quantifies, updates, and expands
previous literature reviews on the effects of humor in advertising. In line with previous reviews, the meta-analytic correlations
demonstrate that humor in advertising significantly enhances AAD, attention, and positive affect. Contrary to the assumptions of previous reviews, there is no evidence that humor impacts
positive or negative cognitions, and liking of the advertiser. The meta-analytic findings clarify some ambiguous prior conclusions:
humor significantly reduces source credibility, enhances positive affect, ABR and purchase intention. The decline from lower order to higher order communication effects is particularly strong, with the
effect size of the impact of humor on AAD being twice as large as the effect size for ABR. This impact of humor in advertising has been rather stable over the past decades. A moderator analysis reveals, however,
that the findings of academic humor research are somewhat biased. As for the underlying theory, the positive and linear relationship
between the funniness of the ad and brand attitudes supports an affective mechanism underlying the impact of humor in advertising. 相似文献