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61.
For Poisson inverse Gaussian regression models, it is very complicated to obtain the influence measures based on the traditional
method, because the associated likelihood function involves intractable expressions, such as the modified Bessel function.
In this paper, the EM algorithm is employed as a basis to derive diagnostic measures for the models by treating them as a mixed Poisson regression
with the weights from the inverse Gaussian distributions. Several diagnostic measures are obtained in both case-deletion model
and local influence analysis, based on the conditional expectation of the complete-data log-likelihood function in the EM algorithm. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the results. 相似文献
62.
The purpose of this study was to revisit Lewin's gatekeeper theory to observe current food role patterns (cooking experience, recipe sources, and both daily food consumption choices and eating out) with contemporary groups of college students (n = 292) and of nutrition educators (n = 26). Male college students equalled female students in cooking ability, use of family as a prime recipe source, and frequency of eating out, while exhibiting different food consumption excesses and deficiencies. Package labels and the Internet were most frequently identified as recipe sources by college students. Nutritionists surpassed both male and female college students in most attributes. 相似文献
63.
The established literature shows that new stadium construction for major league baseball (MLB) teams can increase attendance, but there are limited studies at the minor league level. We use a data set encompassing all A, AA, and AAA minor league baseball teams from 1992 to 2006 to estimate the impact of stadium construction on minor league attendance. This data set includes almost 200 teams, over half of which constructed a new stadium during the 15‐year observation period. Over a 10‐year period our results show that new stadiums increase attendance by 1.2 million fans at the AAA level, 0.4 million at the AA and high A level, and 0.2 million at short season low A. A cost benefit analysis suggests that increased ticket sales do not offset the stadium costs, in line with previous works on MLB. (JEL H0, L83) 相似文献
64.
65.
Rural roads promote economic development, but they also facilitatedeforestation. To explore this tradeoff, this article developsa spatially explicit model of land use and estimates probabilitiesof alternative land uses as a function of land characteristicsand distance to market using a multinomial logit specificationof this model. Controls are incorporated for the endogeneityof road placement. The model is applied to data for southern Belize, an area experiencingrapid expansion of both subsistence and commercial agriculture,using geographic information system (GIS) techniques to selectsample points at 1-kilometer intervals. Market access, landquality, and tenure status affect the probability of agriculturalland use synergistically, having differential effects on thelikelihood of commercial versus semisubsistence farming. Theresults suggest that road building in areas with agriculturallypoor soils and low population densities may be a \"lose-lose\"proposition, causing habitat fragmentation and providing loweconomic returns. 相似文献
66.
Thomas M. Arvanites PH. D. Martin A. Asher PH.D. 《American journal of economics and sociology》1998,57(2):207-222
ABSTRACT This study examines the direct and indirect effects of race and income inequality on imprisonment rates across states. The analysis is designed to: 1) investigate whether race and income inequality are significantly related to imprisonment when controlling for crime , 2) assess the relative magnitudes of the direct and indirect effects; and 3) assess the relative magnitudes of race and income inequality. Crime is found to be the strongest predictor of incarceration rates in five of the six equations estimated. Income inequality is significantly related to incarceration rates in two of the six equations. There was no clear evidence of a direct race effect. The indirect effect of race was greater than the direct effect in four of the six equations. 相似文献
67.
Philip A. Lawn 《Australian economic papers》2003,42(1):118-134
A decade has now passed since Daly made a plea for an environmental macroeconomics. Despite an expanding literature on \"green\" national accounting and the efforts of ecological economists to measure the sustainable net benefits of a growing macroeconomy, it is only recently that Daly's plea has been adequately answered. This has been achieved with the incorporation by Heyes of an \"environmental equilibrium\" or EE curve into the familiar IS–LM model. However, the IS–LM–EE model proposed by Heyes is incomplete. By extending Heyes' model to include the role of technological progress and the need to institute policy instruments to ensure operation on the EE curve, this paper sends out a clear message that environmental concerns should be incorporated into macroeconomic models. They should not be solely confined to microeconomics. 相似文献
68.
German A. Zarate-Hoyos 《Contemporary economic policy》2004,22(4):555-565
This article reviews the magnitude of remittance flows into Mexican households and examines the consumption patterns of remittance-receiving households. A thorough understanding of the dynamics of remittances and consumption in migrant households in Mexico should inform policy makers of the best ways to channel these resources into productive uses. The Mexican Income and Expenditure Survey for 1989 is used to compare and test patterns of consumption and uses of remittances in urban and rural Mexico. (JEL F2–F22 , O1–O15 ) 相似文献
69.
Journal of Quantitative Economics - The paper tries to apply a new technique — the decomposition principle — to centre state financial relations in India. As, appropriate data are not... 相似文献
70.
Despite the intensifying debate over the taxation of Internet commerce, the relevant issues have not been given a systematic treatment in the context of the literature on optimal taxation. This article presents such an analysis and investigates separately the taxation of business purchases of intermediate goods, the taxation of consumer purchases of final goods and services, and the various issues of administration and compliance costs as they apply to the development of E-commerce. The authors conclude that generally the optimal tax literature cannot be used in support of a blanket tax exemption for Internet purchases. Certain conditions could lead to the optimality of an exemption, but those conditions are not likely to be met in practice. 相似文献