产业结构调整与大学生就业影响研究

近年来,我国经济迅速发展,产业结构不断调整优化,形成更多对高端人力资源的需求。而我国大学毕业生的就业形势却越来越严峻,很多大学生面临毕业等于失业的尴尬局面,其原因在于高校输出的大学毕业生与市场需求不符。文章分析了产业结构与就业的发展趋势,剖析了大学生就业难的原因,提出了解决产业结构调整对大学生就业影响的对策。     

What are guests scared of? Crime-related hotel experiences and fear of crime

ABSTRACT

This study aims to explore the typology of hotel crime and how it is related to guests’ fear of crime based on a cause-and-consequence model. A total of 873 TripAdvisor reviews were content-analyzed to develop a typology of hotel crime. High-class hotels experienced more theft, fraud, and burglary while low-class hotels encountered more prostitution and drug-related activities. Hotel guests generated a higher fear of crime when crime occurred inside guest rooms, especially in cases of burglary, theft, or fraud. Reviews mentioning crimes were perceived to be more helpful. Managerial implications and best practices of crime prevention are provided for hotel practitioners.     

Are you really doing good things in your boss's eyes? Interactive effects of employee innovative work behavior and leader–member exchange on supervisory performance ratings

Organizations increasingly depend on employee efforts to innovate. However, the quality of relationships between leaders and employees may affect the recognition that employees receive for their innovative work behaviors. Drawing from a social cognition perspective, we tested a model in which leader–member exchange (LMX) moderates the impact of employee innovative work behavior on supervisory ratings of employee performance. Results from two multisource studies combining self, colleague, and supervisor ratings consistently showed that employees receive more favorable performance ratings by engaging in innovative work behavior when they have high‐quality LMX relationships. Moreover, we found that this interactive relationship was mediated by leader perceptions of innovative employee efforts, providing support for a moderated mediation model. Implications for the literatures on performance appraisal, LMX, and innovation are discussed.     

Why has China’s vertical specialization declined?

Vertical specialization (VS) is quantified by the VS share, which measures the average import content per dollar of exports. A characteristic of China’s export trade is its strong dependence on assembly and processing activities. To take proper account of this, China’s VS shares should explicitly distinguish processing export production from other production. We estimate China’s annual VS shares from 2000 to 2012—the latest year for which a special input–output table is available that makes such an explicit distinction. We find that VS shares increased from 2000 to 2004 and subsequently started to decrease. To explore why it has declined, we introduce a new structural decomposition approach. We find that the decrease of the VS share appears to have been driven mainly by the substitution of imported intermediates by domestic products. This occurred in particular in the production of exports, which implies an upgrading of China’s position in global value chains.     

The major determinants of logistic performance in a global perspective: evidence from panel data analysis

The global logistics industry has grown significantly and logistics has become an important sector of the business economic system and a major global economic activity in recent years. Logistics activities accelerate economic and productivity growth. Efficient logistics is also important to a country’s competitiveness and source of employment. The purpose of this paper is to uncover and understand the major determinants of logistics performance (LP) to further lift the LP of countries. Using unbalanced panel data of 93 selected countries from 2007 to 2014, the present research attempts to critically investigate the major determinants of LP. In estimating the model, this study prefers to use static panel data approach owing to limited data. The findings of the present study reveal that (a) countries with low level of corruption and stable political environment are likely to yield a high level of LP; (b) improvement in resources supply such as infrastructure, technology, labour, and education also have a significant positive effect on LP. Therefore, institutional reforms and upgrading resources will effectively accelerate LP.     

社会主义核心价值观融入高职"思政"课堂研究综述

本文全面梳理了当前国内学者对社会主义核心价值观培育融入高职院校思政课堂研究的概貌,为研究高职院校"思政"课教学培育和践行核心价值观的"落细、落小、落实"打下基础.     

全过程、立体化校企合作培养高职旅游人才的探索与实践

本文对高职旅游专业人才培养亟待通过校企合作解决的问题进行分析,回顾北京经济管理职业学院旅游管理专业2004年开办以来进行的相关探索,在此基础上提炼出全过程、立体化校企合作培养高职旅游人才机制,并对机制运行的实践效果进行总结,以期对高职旅游人才培养提供可借鉴的有效经验.     

地下综合管廊混凝土爆灰检测及加固

针对某市钢筋混凝土地下综合管廊的现浇顶板、侧壁出现的混凝土爆灰质量缺陷,为确保管廊结构的安全使用,采用钻心法、超声波法、沸煮试验、爆灰物质的化学成分分析等检测方法,对爆灰现象进行了检测。结果显示,混凝土中存在的块状氧化钙与水熟化后体积增大1倍~2.5倍,使得混凝土在强度未达到设计抗拉强度前在块状氧化钙体积膨胀应力作用下被拉裂,导致了此类质量缺陷的发生。分析了质量缺陷对管廊结构的影响,并对管廊结构进行了加固设计及处理,满足了结构的正常安全使用要求。研究结果可为类似爆灰缺陷的设计及处理提供参考。     

"市场机制"缺位下的利率政策与投资

中国的投资需求缺乏利率弹性，企业在申请贷款和进行投资时很少考虑利率因素，所以，利率无法在投资资源的配置和使用中发挥作用，总量失控、结构失衡和效率低下已成为中国投资领域的痼疾。而对利率政策的调整改革，又使我们面临一种两难局面，即提高利率会触动既有利益关系，降低利率又会使投资状况更加恶化。研究表明，“市场机制”的缺位是造成这种两难局面的根源所在，冲破这种两难局面的关键在于放开存贷款利率管制，进行彻底的利率市场化改革。     

发展小企业融资需要有新思维

小企业在融资方面,既存在"资本性融资缺口",又存在"债务性融资缺口".由于规模较小、信用记录缺乏、股本金不足和抵押担保缺乏等原因所造成的小企业融资难,并不是简单地"给钱"便能有效解决的,亦很难完全依托现有的正规金融机构和金融市场来解决.需要建立符合小企业特点的融资机制、发展服务于小企业的权益类市场、发展服务小企业的债务性融资市场体系和正确发挥政府的作用等金融创新.