Measuring industrial upgrading: applying factor analysis in a global value chain framework

ABSTRACT

A key question for promoting international competition is how to improve the position of countries and industries in global value chains (GVCs). The first step is to properly measure industrial upgrading in GVCs. This is not a trivial issue because upgrading has not been defined unambiguously. Several authors have used different (and sometimes related) measures, all of which indicate certain aspects of upgrading. Rather than trying to find the single, ultimate measure of upgrading, we propose a different approach. We examine the multidimensionality of industrial upgrading, using eight indicators in factor analysis. Four of the eight indicators adopt the GVC perspective and include, for example, the growth of the share in value-added exports. We provide three quantitative dimensions of industrial upgrading: process upgrading, product upgrading, and skill upgrading. With these dimensions, we compare and analyze the upgrading of different countries and industries using the World Input–Output Database.     

Valuation Effects for Asset Sales

This study provides evidence that the outcome for shareholders resulting from asset sales is determined at the time of transaction by the value for the asset sold. Assets sold above market value are followed by positive and significant abnormal returns over the following three months; these returns are magnified in firms where the balance of power in corporate governance favors shareholders. Abnormal returns following undervalued asset sales are insignificant from zero, indicating value-preservation. Value-preservation when the assets are sold below market value becomes less likely as firms approach financial constraints. The reverse is true when assets are sold above market value. This evidence is documented for apartment REITs, which have a large number of comparable transactions available for estimating expected market values.     

关于打造县域领军银行的思考

中国农业银行确立了面向"三农"的市场定位和县域蓝海战略,提出了打造县域领军银行的目标.从县域领军银行的概念入手,提出了县域领军银行的标准,介绍了农业银行打造县域领军银行的相关政策,着重探讨了如何打造县域领军银行的策略和途径.     

Non-Segmented Equilibria Under Differential Taxation: Evidence from the Canadian Government Bond Market

This paper investigates tax effects in the Canadian governmentbond market during the period 1964—1986. Unlike previousstudies, we apply both statistical and nonstatistical teststoanalyze clientele effects and market equilibria. The resultsdivide the sample into two distinct periods of time, with theend of 1976 marking the division. We find that tax effects arealmost nonexistent in the Canadian government bond market beforethe end of 1976, but are predominant in the post-1976 period.Non-segmented market equilibria cannot be rejected before 1977,but are strongly rejected after 1976. In fact, segmented equilibriawith clientele effects in both quantities and prices characterizethe entire five year period from 1982 to 1986. These findingsare consistent with tax reforms, government deficit financingand interest rate fluctuations in Canada during our sample period.     

金融排斥:中原崛起的机遇与挑战

金融排斥理论是一门新兴理论.文章主要介绍了金融排斥的内涵、我国金融排斥的现状以及金融排斥对中原崛起的机遇和挑战,同时指出深化金融排斥理论研究的前景和意义,为该理论的进一步研究提出了努力方向.     

我国央行房贷政策的金融学分析

近年来，中国房地产过热的现象已引起学术界及决策层的高度重视，中央银行也多次采取相关措施试图抑制房地产业的进一步升温，进而最大限度地降低由此带来的负面影响，但预期的政策目标似乎也没有完全达到。从传统的经济学角度看，当前央行政策并无不妥，但若从当代金融学角度来看，目前我们的货币政策的确存在一定问题：未能正确反映投资成本与投资预期的关系、政策对象界定不清、头寸体系过于单一、缺乏相关头寸支持等。     

造访荣成天鹅湖

又是一年飘雪时,上万只大天鹅如期飞至荣成天鹅湖,在这里栖息越冬,天鹅湖迎来了又一个美丽的冬季.     

SAP系统在煤机装备制造企业的应用

介绍了煤机装备制造企业的SAP系统结构和供应链组成,分析了SAP系统下如何控制物料的外购和加工的前置时间,同时介绍了SAP系统中的关键要素及注意问题。     

Does Accrual Management Impair the Performance of Earnings‐Based Valuation Models?

This study examines how accrual manipulations affect firm valuation in the years surrounding the passage of the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act (SOX). We compare the absolute percentage pricing errors of RIM and DCF valuation models for a group of US firms suspected to have engaged in accrual manipulations to avoid a small loss or a small earnings decline vs. ‘Normal’ firms matched on industry, year and size. We find that RIM can better estimate intrinsic value than DCF for the matched Normal firms in the pre‐SOX period, but not so for accrual manipulators, and that SOX mitigates the harmful effect of accrual manipulations, completely eliminating the difference in RIM's accuracy advantage over DCF between Normal firms and accrual manipulators. As a further analysis, we redefine Suspect firms as real‐activity manipulators and find a significant across‐group difference in accuracy wedge in both sample periods, implying that SOX has prompted firms to favor real‐activity manipulations over accrual manipulations.     

基于3E系统协调度的大兴安岭林区能源系统优化研究

在总结黑龙江大兴安岭林区能源-经济-环境(3E)系统发展现状的基础上,构建林区3E系统协调度评价指标体系,选用距离型协调度评价模型对其3E系统和任意两子系统之间的协调度进行定量分析,发现2004~2013年间林区的3E系统处于失调状态,而能源系统是制约3E系统发展的关键因素。因此,应该以提高能源系统发展水平为目标,从能源开发、消费的角度出发,构建以政府为主导、林区企业为载体、林区居民为受益者的能源系统优化体系。