Fast delta computations in the swap-rate market model

We develop an efficient algorithm to implement the adjoint method that computes sensitivities of an interest rate derivative to different underlying rates in the co-terminal swap-rate market model. The order of computation per step of the new method is shown to be proportional to the number of rates times the number of factors, which is the same as the order in the LIBOR market model.     

Using integrated quality assessment for hotel service quality

In the age of growing foreign tourism, providing excellent quality service at hotels is increasingly more important. Service quality and customer satisfaction have gradually been recognized as key factors used to gain competitive advantage and customer retention. Most companies conducted satisfaction surveys of their customers, with a view of using analysed results to identify attributes of potential improvement. However, this kind improvement decisions on the attributes with a lower satisfaction level needs not to be appropriated. Thus, to achieve higher levels of overall satisfaction with the hotel experience, this study combined four simple methods, including Kano’s model, refined Kano’s model, Importance-Satisfaction model, and the Improvement index, to evaluate two types of hotels. The integrated approach of service quality measurement is based on the importance and satisfaction survey of the quality attributes. The survey, with 24 attributes and service items, were administrated to a random sample of 400 customers at one business hotel and one resort hotel in Taiwan. The strategies of these two kinds of hotels were compared and discussed in this study. On the basis of the key quality attributes identified by employing the integrated approach, which are significantly different from those identified on the basis of a simple satisfaction survey, hotels can make appropriate decisions on specific areas for improvement to further enhance the hotel service quality in Taiwan.     

俄罗斯评估行业历史沿革与现状浅谈

俄罗斯是世界上最重要的经济体之一,其经济地位不可小视。经历了经济转轨的痛苦过程,自1999年至今,俄罗斯的经济有了长足的发展,国有经济的转轨、各个行业的复苏发展,使得资产评估行业得以     

进一步提高中国花卉产业国际竞争力对策研究

进入21世纪以来,我国花卉产业一直呈现出快速发展的态势,生产规模已居世界首位,但也存在着横向扩展过快、纵向挖潜不足的问题。在国际竞争日益激烈的背景下,新兴花卉生产国哥伦比亚、肯尼亚、马来西亚已分别成为全球最大的康乃馨、玫瑰和菊花的生产、出口基地,印度、越南等国也在迅速崛起。中国花卉产业应该通过合理有效的制度创新,建立经营型行业协会,加强物流体系建设,引导资源禀赋优势向竞争优势转变。     

Poverty Reduction in China： The Contribution of Popularizing Primary Education

Using the instrumental variable model and the regression discontinuity approach,this paper explores how access to primary education affects the Chinese labor market and helps people to escape poverty.Several important findings are obtained.The popularization of primary education has significantly reduced poverty in China,especially in urban areas.In contrast,the Compulsory Education Law has not been well implemented for older children in rural areas.In addition,the labor market premium for completing primary education is much larger in urban areas than in rural areas.Poor rural school quality might explain this rural-urban disparity.Effort needs to be made to further reduce poverty by ensuring adequate financial resources for primary education in poor areas and improving school quality in rural China.     

双差数列的几个性质

讨论了双差数列与周期双差数列的通项公式以及求和公式。     

体育教育专业学生成绩评价体系构建

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法结合统计学和计算机知识,构建了体育教育专业学生排球普修课成绩评价体系,该评价体系对今后的教学具有指导作用。     

浅谈如何做好消防搜救犬培训基地化建设教学与训练工作

近年来消防搜救犬各类灾害救援中发挥了越来越重要的作用,关于建立全国性的消防搜救犬培训基地的方案也逐步实施。本文就如何更好地组织基地的培训教学工作,浅谈了培训教学要从实战的角度出发;如何建立健全一套科学而完整的培训教学计划;努力提高培训教学水平等方面做了介绍。     

长输管道工程竣工资料管理工作分析

文章通过结合自身工作的实际情况,分析了在竣工资料管理工作中存在的问题,并对相关问题提出了解决方案,在实践中取得了较好的效果,一定程度上解决了竣工资料管理工作中出现的问题,达到了资料编制及时、规范的目的。     

Specialization or diversification? The situation and transition of households’ livelihood in agricultural heritage systems

Zhagana Agriculture-Forest-Animal Husbandry Composite System (ZCS) is the first Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems site in the Tibetan Plateau. Similar to many traditional agricultural regions, with the development of tourism and leisure agriculture, the peasant households in ZCS have gradually changed their livelihood strategies and livelihood activities in the past 10 years, resulting in the disappearance of some traditional farming methods and agricultural landscapes with a long history. By taking livelihood assets as the entry point and livelihood strategies as the core, this paper analyzed the basic situation of households’ livelihood and the transition mechanism of different livelihood strategies in order to offer suggestions for the dynamic conservation and sustainable development of Agricultural Heritage Systems (AHS). (1) The livelihood strategies of peasant households in ZCS can be divided into two major categories: specialized strategies and diversified strategies. (2) According to the empirical calculation of the livelihood asset accounting framework of AHS, the average livelihood asset value of peasant households in ZCS is 2.040, showing that the situation of peasant households’ livelihood is inadequate. (3) The transition of peasant households’ livelihood strategies from traditional strategy to specialized or diversified livelihood strategies is mainly influenced by natural assets, human assets, cultural assets, social assets and informational assets. In order to meet the growing material and spiritual needs of peasant households and achieve the sustainable development of ZCS simultaneously, it is suggested that the agriculture-forestry-animal husbandry-tourism composite strategies shall be taken as the development direction of peasant households’ livelihood strategies.