政党的基本目标:一种实证理论的澄清

参与政党活动的人或者为了获得公职,或者为了谋求利益,因此政党组织也应该根据人们的需求来调整自己的策略,以赢得更多选民支持,实现政党目标。     

金融市场中的披露管制:现代金融理论与信号传递理论的意义

金融市场信息披露的规制是各国政府监管部门非常关注的问题,也是新兴市场国家和转轨经济国家市场制度建设的中心问题之一。本文运用现代金融理论与信息传递理论分析了金融市场中的披露管制问题。文章一部分讨论了古典经济学对信息披露的研究,提出了建立信息竞争市场的诸多难题。第二部分通过激励-信号传递的分析,认为经济力量能够驱动和实现内部信息的发布。第三部分考察了在传统的和新的观点下披露立法的意义。最后部分概述了有关这些立法的政策性和措施性建议。     

Patient intensity in an ambulatory oncology research center: A step forward for the field of ambulatory care--Part II

Nursing leaders in ambulatory care need to objectively quantify patient intensity to balance patient care needs and nursing resources. In this three-part series, current literature on acuity/intensity tools will be reviewed, and the development of an Ambulatory Intensity System (AIS) to objectively quantify nursing care will be described. In this article, the ongoing implementation of the system, its incorporation into the organization's established computerized appointment system, reliability measures, and related performance improvement activities will be discussed.     

Behavioral health benefits: key to a healthy workforce

Mental disorders exact a heavier toll on workplace productivity than do physical illnesses, but a complete behavioral health program is often looked upon as just one more driver of rate increases. Properly understood, promoted and utilized, however, behavioral health benefits can contribute to decreased absenteeism and increased productivity, and even help offset the treatment costs of medical disorders.     

Population growth and development: the case of Bangladesh

In a poor, overly populated country such as Bangladesh, some believe that a high rate of population growth is a cause of poverty which impedes economic development. Population growth would therefore be exogenous to economic development. However, others believe that rapid population growth is a consequence rather than a cause of poverty. Population growth is therefore endogenous to economic development. Findings are presented from an investigation of whether population growth has been exogenous or endogenous with respect to Bangladesh's development process during the past 3 decades. The increase in per capita real gross domestic product (GDP) is used as a measure of development. Data on population, real GDP per capita, and real investment share of GDP are drawn from the Penn World Table prepared by Summers and Heston in 1991. The data are annual and cover the period 1959-90. Analysis of the data indicate that population growth is endogenous to Bangladesh's development process. These findings are reflected both in the Granger causality tests and the decompositions of variances of detrended real GDP per capita and population growth.     

Nursing career fulfillment: statistics and statements from registered nurses

A state-level survey of registered nurses confirmed national findings and raised new issues. Findings revealed that while nurses love the intrinsic reward of nursing, they report workplace, relationship, and stress issues which contribute to frustration and exhaustion. These issues may prevent registered nurses from giving the nursing care they desire to deliver, hastening preventable retirement and costly turnover decisions.     

美国大型制造商2003年第三方物流服务使用情况调查

当大型制造商提出供应链战略时，第三方物流服务的使用是他们所要考虑的一个重要选择。第三方物流提供者给这些公司提供了范围广泛的服务，不仅在国内市场，国际市场也是如此。管理者考虑使用这些服务面临着一个复杂的决策，这些涉及到一系列重要的控制与成本、服务改进之间的权衡，必须在迅速变化的第三方物流产业中进行评估。     

Does housework lower wages? Evidence for Britain

This paper uses the British Household Panel Survey to present the first estimates of the housework-wage relationship in Britain. Controlling for permanent unobserved heterogeneity, we find that housework has a negative impact on the wages of men and women, both married and single, who work full-time. Among women working part-time, only single women suffer a housework penalty. The housework penalty is uniform across occupations within full-time jobs but some part-time jobs appear to be more compatible with housework than others. We find tentative evidence that the housework penalty is larger when there are children present.