E-Finance: An Introduction

E-finance is defined as “The provision of financial services and markets using electronic communication and computation”. In this paper we outline research issues related to e-finance that we believe set the stage for further work in this field. Three areas are focused on. These are the use of electronic payments systems, the operations of financial services firms and the operation of financial markets. A number of research issues are raised. For example, is the widespread use of paper-based checks efficient? Will the financial services industry be fundamentally changed by the advent of the Internet? Why have there been such large differences in changes to market microstructure across different financial markets?     

How Do Investors Regard ESOs?

All top‐50 and more than 80% of the top‐500 Australian listed companies now reward their executives with stock options (ESOs) of one kind or another.₁ We address the question: “Which method of accounting for ESOs — current practice, the US FASB's recommended practice or the AASB's preferred position — most closely reflects investors' pricing decisions?” We answer the question using models that relate a company's stock price to its earnings and book value of equity calculated according to these three choices of accounting treatment.     

Unit initial public offerings: Staged equity or signaling mechanism?

We investigate the use of unit (i.e., package) initial public offerings by Australian industrial firms and conclude that their use reflects their role as a signaling mechanism (Chemmanur and Fulghieri, 1997), as distinct from the agency–cost explanation offered by Schultz (1993). From a sample of 394 IPOs between 1976 and 1994, the 66 firms making unit offerings are typically riskier, use less prestigious underwriters and have a lower level of retained ownership than other IPO firms. While these results are also consistent with Schultz's agency cost explanation, other results we report are not. We find no difference in underpricing etween unit IPOs and other IPO firms, nor are there any significant differences in the planned uses of proceeds reported in the prospectus, post–listing failure rates or secondary equity offerings of the type predicted by Schultz. We do however, report evidence consistent with a prediction unique to the signaling explanation. After controlling for the level of ownership retained by insiders, the proportion of firm value sold as warrants is increasing in IPO firms' riskiness.     

Discussion of “Differential Market Reactions to Revenue and Expense Surprises”

Ertimur et al. (2003, this issue) study the difference in the market;s reaction to revenue versus expense surprises. The discussion first reviews their main findings and assesses the paper's potential contributions. Alternative explanations are then considered for the base-line result that the market reacts more to revenue surprises than to expense surprises. The hypothesized reasons for revenue surprises to matter more are critiqued, as are the tests of the hypotheses, and potential extensions that would link these test to financial statement analysis are suggested. Finally, two aspects of the assessment of how the reaction to revenue and expense surprises differs across value and growth firms are discussed: The definitions of value and growth firms and the potential benefits of assessing why analyst revenue forecasts are (not) observed for many value (growth) firms.     

我国政府会计模式构建过程中主体界定问题初探

我国政府会计体系改革的起步相对较晚,有些方面滞后于财政预算管理体制的改革,而且与国际惯例之间也存在着一定的差距,因此适应我国经济体制和财政体制改革的需要。特别是适应我国加入WTO的新形势,积极推进政府会计体系的改革,将是我国下一步会计改革的重要内容。在这个过程中,我们认为首先应当思考这样一个问题,即未来政府会计体系的界限应当在哪里划定?或者说,究竟什么样的经济主体属于“政府”,应当纳入到未来的政府会计体系中?本文在借鉴GASB成功经验的基础上从“组织性质”和“资金来源与用途”两个角度提出了“双主体”模式的初步设想。     

绿色金融发展与产业结构优化升级研究 —基于江西省的实证

近年来,随着绿色金融体系建设上升为国家战略,我国绿色金融发展取得了不少 令人瞩目的成果。在我国经济发展进入新常态和大力倡导供给侧结构性改革的时代背景下,江 西省作为首批建设绿色金融改革创新试验区,研究江西省绿色金融发展促进产业结构调整升 级对加快生态文明体制改革和建设美丽中国具有重要的现实意义。在分析绿色促进产业结构 调整升级的机制之后,通过构建灰色关联模型对江西省2008~2016年绿色金融与产业结构关联 度进行实证分析。最后,结合江西省绿色金融发展的实际情况,提出了相应的对策建议以促进 江西省产业结构调整升级。     

基于产权行为研究的人力资源会计模式再造

对于人力资源会计的艰苦探索,至今仍一直园囿在成本会计与价值会计之间,一方面完全忽视对人力资源作为会计的对象所据以被引入其处理流程的会计事项之确认,另一方面却盲目强调会计模式对人力资源的成本与价值之计量。事实上,这不仅没有真正再现其投资的成本与所产出的价值,而且也没能最终确立一个完整的对人力资源之会计模式。鉴于此,有关的研究可以着眼于对人力资源的产权运作过程进行深入地分析,把所涉及的主体之产权行为系统地划分为人力资源产权投资和人力资源产权交易两种运作形式,以及由之而导致的人力资本收益分配一种运作结果,在此认识基础上,据以再造人力资源的会计模式。     

浅谈伊犁河道治理的经验

本文介绍了在河道治理中如何处理好滩、槽、堤间的辨证关系,做好护滩工作,控制主流,使主河槽和险段位置得以相对稳定;同时对整个河段全面规划,制定整治线,如何建好防洪堤及有关护岸工程进行了简述。     

新文科背景下民族地区高校经管专业改造提升的探索与实践——以吉首大学为例

基于新文科建设对经管专业教育教学改革的要求,吉首大学商学院以“数智赋能、协同育人”为出发点,积极开展民族地区高校经管专业改造提升的探索与实践。主要措施有：创新教育理念,确立“四新”人才培养目标;打造“平台+模块”课程体系,从中国传统文化、国家战略、现代商业伦理等维度挖掘课程思政育人资源推进课程思政建设,建设覆盖“专业基础+特色课程+社会实践”的经管专业人才培养“金课”群;编写出版“新商科人才培养丛书”等推进教学资源建设,筑牢人才培养基础;探索“五融通”培养模式,进阶式培养“四新”人才。