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311.
Individual choice or collective action? Exploring consumer motives for participating in alternative food networks 下载免费PDF全文
Felix Zoll Kathrin Specht Ina Opitz Rosemarie Siebert Annette Piorr Ingo Zasada 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》2018,42(1):101-110
Alternative food networks (AFNs) are growing in number and relevance in Germany. Those networks include new models of production and distribution, such as food cooperatives (FoodCoops), self‐harvest gardens or community‐supported agriculture (CSA) schemes. AFNs, as an alternative to conventional food supply systems, are characterized by a close producer‐consumer interaction. They are typically located within urban or peri‐urban areas. The study aims to identify the rationale and motivation of urban residents in participating in AFNs and developing a consumer typology. We also assess whether AFNs potentially lead to collective action with societal impact. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative content analysis based on 18 interviews with members of existing AFN projects in three German metropolitan regions. Our results revealed that the willingness of urban consumers to participate in AFNs is driven by a broad range of motives. They include personal desire for high‐quality food (in terms of taste or freshness) and health reasons, but also political or environmental motives (opposition to conventional agriculture or short transport distances). Furthermore, consumers often want to support a certain farmer and his/her philosophy or they appreciate the community‐building aspect. Three different consumer types were derived from the motive combinations. Many consumers communicated a sense of belonging to a societal movement, however, our study revealed a lack of organization and collective action. Although AFNs can influence the consumption patterns of individuals, their potential to induce social change and to challenge traditional models of consumption in the near future does not appear to be high. 相似文献
312.
For a global player like the EU, it must adequately respond to US unilateral actions and not give in to threats in order to preserve its credibility. However, it is not in its interest to let trade conflicts escalate and be drawn into trade wars.It is worth noting that through the bilateral rules established in the context of a comprehensive trade agreement, the EU not only influences global norms and standards but that those in turn feed back into the EU’s economic order in a way that traditional trade agreements have not. They can therefore either reinforce the European model or weaken it. 相似文献
313.
We present an efficiency wage model in which workers' disutility of effort depends on the level and on the growth rate of
their wage relative to an alternative wage. Using data for four countries (US, UK, FR, GY), the implications of the model
are examined and are found to be in accordance with the information in the non-stationary data. The restrictions implied by
the model dynamics are not rejected by the data and the structural parameters are found to be constant through time. One interesting
result is that the workers' disutility of effort depends less on relative wages growth and more on relative wage levels in
the US than in the three European countries analyzed.
First version received: September 1998 / Final version accepted: November 1999 相似文献
314.
On improving the robustness of Asian management theories: Theoretical anchors in the era of globalization 总被引:12,自引:12,他引:0
Rabi S. Bhagat Annette S. McDevitt Ian McDevitt 《Asia Pacific Journal of Management》2010,27(2):179-192
A careful review of the history of research on global strategy and cross-cultural management reveals that considerable attention
has been paid to the functioning of organizations located in the Asian context in comparison with their Western counterparts.
While research in this tradition has generated some useful insights, there is a need for improving robustness of management
theories that are applicable in the Asian context. In this paper, we advance a taxonomy of cross-cultural management theories
and suggest methods of deriving research propositions well-grounded in the latest findings in cross-cultural research. It
is suggested that robustness of management theories that are uniquely applicable to the Asia Pacific countries is best achieved
by addressing the complex interplay of cultural variations found in these countries with globalization-related influences. 相似文献
315.
Two main features characterise training and development in France: the influence of the school‐based model and a strong institutionalisation of continuing vocational training which is regulated by law and collective bargaining at national and sectoral levels. In the last decade training has been affected by four major changes: the development of alternating training programmes for young people and unemployed persons; a process of decentralisation which gives to regions an essential role of coordination; strengthening of links between training and employment; and an increasing responsibility of firms in the management of training. As a result, training is on an upward trend yet large inequalities in access still exist. 相似文献
316.
Begoña Gutiérrez‐Nieto Carlos Serrano‐Cinca Marta de la CuestaߚGonzález 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》2017,41(2):188-198
This paper proposes a comprehensive explanatory model to explain both causes and consequences of over‐indebtedness. It presents as causes some borrower aspects, such as propensity to indebtedness and low financial literacy. Other causes are borrower circumstances: adverse external shocks, borrower internal problems and financial institutions' pressure. The model incorporates consequences on the borrower, the lender and the society. The model has been tested with a survey filled in by experts and over‐indebted individuals. Results have been analysed using multivariate techniques, including canonical correlations. There are differences in the opinions of experts and individuals: the latter blame external shocks or financial institutions' pressure, while the former find relevant factors the financial illiteracy or the tendency to imitate others. Experts and individuals agree on the consequences: poverty growth in the society and declining borrower's welfare. The paper concludes with the need to improve financial literacy, especially in the risks involved in over‐indebtedness. 相似文献
317.
Oihana Aristondo Conchita D'Ambrosio Casilda Lasso de la Vega 《Bulletin of economic research》2023,75(4):1048-1063
When measuring poverty in developed countries, the poverty line used to identify the poor is usually relative and set as a percentage of the median (or of the mean) of the total income. In consequence, when poverty is analyzed over a period of time, changes in the poverty level depend on the impact of evolving standards. To eliminate this effect, sometimes, an anchored poverty line is used. Furthermore, changes in the mean of the distribution and in the inequality among the poor may also affect the poverty levels. This note proposes a decomposition of the changes in poverty as the sum of four terms. The first two reflect the impact in poverty of changes in living standards and the other two measure the effect of the distributional growth and redistribution. This decomposition will help policymakers in the implementation of a more specific antipoverty agenda. An application with data from the European Union Survey on Income and Living Conditions shows the potential of the decomposition proposed. 相似文献
318.
Leandro Prados de la Escosura 《Review of Income and Wealth》2023,69(3):533-554
This paper addresses international inequality in multidimensional well-being during the last one-and-a-half centuries. Inequality fell in health and education since the late 1920s, due to the globalization of mass schooling and the diffusion of the health transition, but only dropped in population-weighted terms from 1970 onward for political and civil liberties, as the emergence of authoritarian regimes increased its dispersion since the end of World War I. In terms of augmented human development inequality declined since 1900. These results are at odds with per capita income inequality that rose over time and only shrank from 1990 onward. The gap between the OECD and the Rest of the world accounted only partially for inequality in well-being since the dispersion within developing regions became its main driver from the mid-20th century onward. Countries in the middle and lower deciles of the world distribution achieved the largest relative gain over the past century. 相似文献
319.
Barroso-Castro Carmen Domínguez de la Concha Castañeda Marta Rodríguez Serrano Mª de los Ángeles 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2022,18(2):901-934
International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - Drawing from the resource-based view of the firm, Penrosean theory, and the resource dependence theory, it is argued in this study that the... 相似文献
320.
Ramírez-Carrera Dionisio Durán-Romero Gemma de la Peña José Antonio Negrín 《International Advances in Economic Research》2022,28(1-2):41-43
International Advances in Economic Research - 相似文献