State corporatism and environmental harm: Tax farming and desertification in northwestern China

Research on environmental governance in China has shown that centre–local relations often influence the implementation and efficacy of environmental regulations. By examining changes in resource allocation and rural development between 1982 and 2005 in the region worst affected by desertification in China—the Minqin oasis in Gansu—we argue that changes in macro‐level fiscal and commodity grain policies contributed to severe regional disparity and a reduction in local state capacity in hinterland China. Intergovernmental competition over fiscal revenue encouraged cash cropping and land reclamation, and the continuous decline of the oasis ecology further reduced legitimacy in rural governance. These institutional and ecological constraints shaped the behaviour of grassroots cadres and formed the conflicting interests of the state in resource distribution and environmental conservation that continued to exist until the implementation of a centralized conservation program in 2006. The data came from 157 interviews and 628 policy documents from local archives in Gansu.     

香港发展社会经济工作经验对我国农村社会工作在职教育的借鉴

香港积累的发展社会工作经验对我国内地农村社会工作在职教育具有重要借鉴价值。在发展农村社会工作在职教育中,我们也应发挥政府的主导作用,重视发挥社会的力量,灵活多样地开展在职教育。     

Productivity growth, technological progress, and efficiency change in chinese agriculture after rural economic reforms: A DEA approach

This study applies a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to analyze total factor productivity, technology, and efficiency changes in Chinese agricultural production from 1984 to 1993. Twenty-nine provinces in China were classified into advanced-technology and low-technology categories. The Malmquist (1953) productivity measures were decomposed into two components: technical change index and efficiency change index. The results show that total factor productivity has risen in most provinces for both technology categories during the 1984–1993 period. Technical progress was mostly attributed to Chinese agricultural productivity growth after the rural economic reforms. The deterioration in technical efficiency in many provinces indicates China has great potential to increase productivity through improved technical efficiency. Enhancing rural education and research and development (R&D) in agriculture may also help farmers to improve technical efficiency and productivity in agricultural production.     

我国上市公司股权集中度影响因素分析

股权集中度的高低决定了公司代理问题的本质，因此确定合理的股权集中度有助于降低代理成本，提高企业价值，所以逻辑研究的前提是首先要了解影响股权集中度的相关因素。本文对我国上市公司股权集中度影响因素的实证分析结果表明，终极控制人性质、控股大股东性质、控制层级、地区市场化程度以及上市公司业绩、规模、风险、负债率高低及所属行业情况是影响股权集中度的主要因素。     

Fiscal Decentralisation and Local Economic Growth: Evidence from a Fiscal Reform in China

This paper uses a fiscal decentralisation reform in China – namely, the province‐managing‐county (PMC) reform – to examine the effects of fiscal decentralisation on local economic growth. The PMC reform abolished the subordinate fiscal relationship between prefectures and counties and transferred much of the tax and spending authority from the prefecture to the county level. Exploiting a county‐level panel data set over 2001–11, we find that the reform has led to a significant increase in the GDP growth rate. The effect is considerably more pronounced in regions with superior initial institutional quality. We also identify channels: the PMC reform induced county governments to exert lower tax burdens on firms and increase spending on infrastructure construction.     

智力资本与财务资本:谁对企业价值创造更有效——来自于江浙地区企业的实证研究

财务资本对于企业价值创造的作用是毋庸置疑的,而在知识经济时代,智力资本对于企业价值创造也发挥越来越重要的作用。研究以江苏、浙江等地的企业为分析样本,在智力资本三分法的基础上,通过结构化方程构建了四个嵌套模型。研究结果表明:(1)财务资本对于企业绩效具有重要意义,相对于人力资本更处于核心地位;(2)人力资本不能直接对企业绩效发挥作用,需要通过关系资本和结构资本作为中介;(3)智力资本对于企业绩效的可持续增长具有重要意义,企业要获得长期战略绩效,需要更关注于智力资本的积累与培育。     

中国封闭式基金投资心理及其对市场的影响——基于锚定启发式偏差的实证研究

本文根据行为金融学的理论,通过构造合理反映投资者心理预期的指标,利用最小二乘法和Granger因果检验法对中国封闭式基金的投资看涨情绪变动指标和市场走势的相关关系进行检验,以考察封闭式基金是否具有锚定启发式偏差,并进一步考察其投资心理预期对未来市场走势的影响。研究发现,中国封闭式基金具有锚定启发式偏差,并且封闭式基金这种投资心理会对市场的短期走势产生显著影响。     

The Effect of Industry Concentration on Free Riding

The conventional wisdom regarding industry concentration and cooperative behavior has not been fully supported by the empirical literature. This paper develops a game-theoretic model to explain these mixed results. In the context of an industry that lobbies the government for tariff protection, the model shows that the difficulty of enforcing a cooperative agreement is a function of not only the number of firms in the industry but also the rate of return to lobbying. Thus, when the rate of return to lobbying expenditures is high, the expected relationship may break down.     

从我国台湾地区纺织业经验看大陆企业转型升级

20世纪90年代,在成本上升和环保要求日趋严格等压力下,我国台湾地区纺织企业纷纷外移,而留守企业则实现了纺织业整体转型升级。通过对我国大陆与台湾地区纺织业的对比研究,结合台湾地区聚阳与宏远两家企业的先进案例认为,要实现转型升级,一是沿着微笑曲线的研发与营销两端延伸以提高附加值,二是通过绿色环保等手段降低单位投入与消耗。最后对我国大陆企业转型升级提出了相关建议。