The Uruguay Round negotiations are currently passing through a critical phase after four years of strenuous bargaining. The ultimate success of the negotiations largely depends on the attitudes of the USA, the EC and Japan. What are the main contentious issues between these three and how are their trade relations likely to develop in future? 相似文献
Using data for rural India, this paper analyzes households' labor supply decision‐making, taking into consideration non‐participation, endogenous intrahousehold bargaining and nutritional status. Analyses of unitary and collective models suggest that bargaining between household members forms the basis of households' decisions, and these decisions alter households' internal power balance. Analysis of households' internal bargaining process suggests that women's bargaining power increases when their wages are higher and they are better educated. The results indicate that it is crucial to account for the mechanics of decision‐making within households when studying the effects of changing labor market conditions or designing development policies to improve individual well‐being or to empower women. 相似文献
In India, competition scenario in the general insurance sector changed since the year 2000–2001 with the entry of several private sector players in the respective market. While a few studies attempted to benchmark the performance of Industry players using early data available from the market regulator, the existing research studies have a number of weaknesses. Against this backdrop, the present paper seeks to evaluate the performance of 15 general insurance companies for the period 2009–2010 to 2013–2014 using a two stage approach. In the first stage, the study uses the dynamic DEA model suggested by Tone and Tsutsui (Omega, 38(3–4):145–156, 2010) to evaluate the in-sample companies in terms of slacks based measure of technical efficiency. In the second stage, the efficiency scores have been explained by solvency performance of the insurers in terms of a panel data censored regression model with robust residuals. The results indicate a very strong association between efficiency and solvency.
Recent studies discuss micro-transmission mechanisms to measure spillover effects of MNC (Multinational Corporations) activity on human capital in host countries. We develop an aggregate transmission mechanism to show that technology deepening in advanced sectors affect economy-wide skill formation, not analyzed in previous studies. Sector-specific advanced technological input and borrowing from local capital market at preferential rates dampens rate of skill formation if local firms are more skill-intensive. Liberal trade policies applied only to MNC sector may lower traditional export if credit subsidy offered to MNCs is simultaneously withdrawn. 相似文献
This paper analyzes how the Southern patent enforcement affects the Northern firm's choice of licensing, subsidiary production
or exports for serving the Southern market, and the innovation rate in the North and ultimately the welfare in the South.
We show that for imperfect patent enforcement, licensing contract leads to more innovation in the North relative to subsidiary
or exports. When both subsidiary and exports are very costly options, no patent enforcement in the South is best for the South.
However, when either subsidiary operation or exports can be organized cheaply, the Southern government chooses some positive
degree of patent enforcement. We also establish that strengthening of patent enforcement in the South may lead to more licensing
and less subsidiary operations or exports. 相似文献