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181.
182.
In this paper we study the pricing and hedging of options whose payoff is a polynomial function of the underlying price at
expiration; so-called ‘power options’. Working in the well-known Black and Scholes (1973) framework we derive closed-form
formulas for the prices of general power calls and puts. Parabola options are studied as a special case. Power options can
be hedged by statically combining ordinary options in such a way that their payoffs form a piecewise linear function which
approximates the power option's payoff. Traditional delta hedging may subsequently be used to reduce any residual risk. 相似文献
183.
William C. Hunter James A. Verbrugge David A. Whidbee 《Journal of Financial Services Research》1996,10(3):235-271
This article examines failure rates in de novo S&Ls that initiated operations during the 1980–1986 period. Overall failure rates are similar to those for existing institutions but are found to vary significantly by location, time of charter, and organizational form. Both univariate tests and results from a probability-of-failure model indicate that inadequate capital, economic stress, poor management of higher risk lending allowed by broader powers, and operating inefficiencies contributed significantly to the likelihood of failure. Use of brokered funds and rapid asset growth are also significantly related to failure likelihood. Interestingly, for those S&Ls which eventually failed, rapid asset growth and high proportions of nonperforming assets actually delayed the timing of their failure. We interpret this to be the result of regulatory forbearance. We also find significant differences between the financial characteristics of de novo and non-de novo S&Ls. 相似文献
184.
Demand for wireless telephony is huge and the potential for GMPCS, in particular, is widely recognized. However, the most serious problems to the introduction of GMPCS are not technical, nor financial, but are rather the political and regulatory barriers—notably fear of bypass and security concerns. Inmarsat does not believe that there should be any a priori limit to the number of GMPCS operators offering satellite capacity to national service providers. The market can best determine which will be successful. However, before countries open their markets, they will need to be convinced that it is in their interest to do so. 相似文献
185.
186.
David C. Porter Yusif Simaan Daniel G. Weaver David K. Whitcomb 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》2006,26(2):87-103
We examine the introduction of the Actual Size Rule (ASR) on Nasdaq during a control period and a period of market stress.
We find that market makers in both ASR and Non-ASR stocks reduce quotation sizes and widen spreads when under stress but the
reduction of quotation size and increase in spread width are significantly larger for ASR stocks. We also examine October
27, when the market was under the most severe stress. We find ASR and Non-ASR stocks have similar reductions in time-weighted
quotation ask size when compared with the control sample but ASR bid sizes are about 10% smaller than Non-ASR bid sizes. Our
findings imply that the ASR rule may significantly reduce market quality under times of market stress.
JEL Classification: 14, G15, G18 相似文献
187.
Longevity Bonds: Financial Engineering, Valuation, and Hedging 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David Blake rew Cairns Kevin Dowd Richard MacMinn 《The Journal of risk and insurance》2006,73(4):647-672
This article examines the main characteristics of longevity bonds (LBs) and shows that they can take a large variety of forms which can vary enormously in their sensitivities to longevity shocks. We examine different ways of financially engineering LBs and consider problems arising from the dearth of ultra‐long government bonds and the choice of the reference population index. The article also looks at valuation issues in an incomplete markets context and finishes with an examination of how LBs can be used as a risk management tool for hedging longevity risks. 相似文献
188.
We survey 309 sample firms exhibiting behavior consistent with a residual dividend policy and their matched counterparts to learn how they set their dividend policies. The findings reveal that the sample firms are more likely than their counterparts to maintain a long-term dividend payout ratio, use long-run earnings forecasts in setting the dividend, and be unconcerned about the cost of raising external funds. Yet, firms behaving as though they follow a residual dividend policy generally do not profess to follow the policy. At best, the sample firms follow a “modified” residual policy in which they carefully manage their payout ratio and dividend trend. Although it may not be an explicit goal of such a dividend policy, consistently low free cash flow typically results. 相似文献
189.
Tony C. Garrett Author Vitae David H. Buisson Author Vitae Chee Meng Yap Author Vitae 《Industrial Marketing Management》2006,35(3):293-307
The integration of R&D and marketing in new product development (NPD) is an important contributor to NPD performance. Of the mechanisms developed to aid functional integration, many have been developed in western cultural environments and may not have applicability in other national cultural settings. Using a sample of NPD workgroup personnel in New Zealand (NZ), the western cultural environment, and Singapore, quantitative and qualitative data have been used to measure national culture and determine the applicability of different organization integration mechanisms. Results show key differences between the two samples, indicating a link between formalization, centralization, role flexibility and interfunctional climate mechanisms with the Hofstede dimensions of Power Distance, Masculinity and Uncertainty Avoidance of national culture. Managerial implications are that national cultural values and settings of the respondents are important when determining best integration mechanisms. 相似文献
190.
David Yermack 《Financial Markets and Portfolio Management》2006,20(1):33-47
This essay surveys research about the value of individual members of boards of directors. When directors join or exit corporate
boards, company stock prices respond, often in magnitudes of 1% of firm value or more. Related research shows that when a
significant event impacts the stock price of one company, the effects are transmitted to other companies that share board
members in common with the primary company. Share price reactions are sensitive to variables such as a director’s occupation,
independence, and professional qualifications. Together, this evidence suggests that a well-functioning market for directors
might already exist, making direct regulation unnecessary and possibly counter-productive. 相似文献