When Do Qualitative Risk Disclosures Backfire? The Effects of a Mismatch in Hedge Disclosure Formats on Investors' Judgments

Disclosure standards mandate the quantitative disclosure of hedging‐instrument‐related risks but not the disclosure of hedged‐item‐related risks. We examine how a match (mismatch) in formats, caused by making quantitative (qualitative) hedged item disclosures alongside quantitative hedging instrument disclosures, affects investors' integration of information from these two related disclosures. Our first experiment varies the hedged item disclosure format (quantitative or qualitative) and the portion of risk hedged (small or large). We find that when disclosure formats are mismatched, the less comparable nature of the two disclosures caused investors to neglect the offsetting relationship when assessing net risks. As a result, risk and investment judgments were influenced by the more prominent quantitative hedging instrument disclosures. Our second experiment finds that the use of a qualitative debiaser that clarifies the relationship between the two disclosures led to the integration of information and mitigated this effect.     

论中小企业对管理胜任力的基本要求和培育途径

文章指出,管理胜任力是企业核心竞争能力的一个重要方面,中小企业的健康成长取决于其竞争能力的提高,竞争能力的关键是提高企业的管理胜任力,文章还分析了中小企业对管理胜任力要求的主要方面。     

成功体育在学校体育教学中的应用

要改变一部分学生在以往体育学习和锻炼中屡遭落后和失败的命运,让学生不断产生成功的情感体验,从而对体育养成习惯、积极参与.据此,本文着力从培养学生的体育兴趣、体验成功的机会、培养学生的自信心以及体育课的考核与评价的改革这四个方面来探讨成功体育在体育教学中的应用.     

对陕西省农村社会养老保险供求主体的分析与政府作用研究

陕西是西部的农业大省,农村社会养老保险制度发展缓慢,农村养老保险市场需要寻找供需双方的均衡点,政府作为制度的提供者和政策的制定者,必须在农村社会养老保险制度建立和运营中明确思路,发挥主导作用,以保证陕西省农村养老保险健康、有序地发展。     

灌区配套与节水改造的设计体会

伊犁河流域现有灌溉面积678万亩。其中列入国家级大型灌区的有5个,现有灌溉面积为424万亩,在工程建设中的主要设计体会有：制定经济合理的规划设计方案,设计遵循因地制宜、统筹兼顾的原则,建筑物设计新颖别致、运行方便,尽量利用原有结构改建、降低工程造价,因地制宜规划设计渠道,为高寒地区湿陷性黄土地带渠道建设总结经验。     

What Prompts the People＇s Bank of China to Change Its Monetary Policy Stance？ Evidence from a Discrete Choice Model

In the present paper, we model the policy stance of the People＇s Bank of China （PBC） as a latent variable, and the discrete changes in the reserve requirement ratio, policy interest rates, and the scale of open market operations are taken as signals of movement of this latent variable. We run a discrete choice regression that relates these observed indicators of policy stance to major trends of macroeconomic and financial developments, which are represented by common factors extracted from a large number of variables. The predicted value of the estimated model can then be interpreted as the implicit policy stance of the PBC. In a second step, we estimate how much of the variation in the PBC＇ s implicit stance can be explained by measures of its policy objectives on inflation, growth and financial stability. We find that deviations of CPI inflation from an implicit target and deviations of broad money growth from the announced targets, but not output gaps, figure significantly in the PBC＇s policy changes.     

2000年我国原油进口首破七千万吨原因分析及其思考

2000年我国原油进口量创记录地达到7013．4万吨，较1999年增加了91．5％，造成进口量猛增的原因，一是国民经济增长加快，拉动内需增加，二是国内原油产量增长有限而出口量增多，三是成品油进口量减少而出口量增加，四是在油价下落，需求减少的情况下，原油进口量和炼厂加工量未能及时调减，石油消费和进口石油的快速增长呼唤尽快建立符合我国国情的石油安全体系，呼唤全社会重视并大力推动节能，调整不合理的能源结构，这是一个复杂的系统工程，需要综合治理，采取切实有效的措施并认真加以贯彻落实，此外，适应市场经济的经营运作规律，抓好市场预测，根据市场的变化搞好原油进口，炼厂加工，成品油销售和库存等环节的衔接和协调，也是我们必须尽快掌握的一种管理技巧。     

WPS在处理质检办公文件中的合理使用

通过ＷＰＳ汉字编辑软件在处理质检办公文件的合理应用，提出了使用ＷＰＳ某些功能键的技巧，可使文件处理更规范，更完整。     

这里的世界最明亮

这片热土最明亮,火神普罗米修斯为之动情。在中国、在广东、在中山的一个边远小镇。小镇的名字叫古镇。其实她不古,二十多年前的小镇只有一条小街紧贴在珠江三角洲那条著名的西江边上。而今,小镇高楼林立,车水马龙,人声鼎沸,无时不在显耀着光芒魅力。她把全世界所有的光明使者吸引到自己身边,又将更加绚丽明亮的世界赐给了地球的每一个角落……