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61.
Inês C. RosaJoana L. Pereira João GomesPedro M. Saraiva Fernando GonçalvesRaquel Costa 《Ecological Economics》2011,70(10):1805-1813
While the biofouler Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) is known to cause great economic losses in North America, studies reporting the problem in Europe are much scarcer. This paper explores the industrial effects of the species in Portugal, the gateway by which the bivalve entered Europe around 30 years ago. National waterworks, major power stations, cement plants, pulp and paper mills and irrigation systems were surveyed. The industrial impacts of the pest were shown to remain relatively mild; irrigation systems are those that seem to be facing more significant economic losses due to infestation. Possible reasons for the apparent discrepancy between this result and the species dispersal in natural ecosystems are discussed, and recommendations on adequate responses to the latent threat are provided. This study may assist the implementation of integrated pest management policies in countries at risk of invasion or recently invaded, and contribute to an understanding of the species’ progression in industrial environments. 相似文献
62.
Ana Isabel Polo Peña Dolores María Frías Jamilena Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Molina 《Journal of Small Business Management》2011,49(3):331-360
Market orientation (MO) is considered as a competitive strategy for the smaller service enterprises based in rural locations. A model is proposed and validated for the rural tourism sector that encompasses the effects of MO and of the use of information and communications technology (ICT) on business activity, taking into account the business's financial results, improvements to the rural location, and the more personal, intangible impact on the local entrepreneur. ICT is found to have a positive impact on MO and outcomes, whereas, similarly, the adoption of MO is found to have a positive effect on outcomes. 相似文献
63.
Antonio Argandoña 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,99(1):77-85
The traditional theories of the firm leave no room for love in business organizations, perhaps because it is thought that
love is only an emotion or feeling, not a virtue, or because economic efficiency and profit making are considered to be incompatible
with the practice of charity or love. In this article, we show based on an approach to the human action within the organization,
that love can and must be lived in firms for firms to operate efficiently, be attractive to those who take part in them, and
act consistently in the long run. 相似文献
64.
The moral ideology of banking and insurance employees in Spain was examined along with supervisor role modeling and ethics-related
policies and procedures for their association with ethical behavioral intent. In addition to main effects, we found evidence
supporting that the person–situation interactionist perspective in supervisor role modeling had a stronger positive relationship
with ethical intention among employees with relativist moral ideology. Also as hypothesized, formal ethical polices and procedures
were positively related to ethical intention among those with universal beliefs, but the relationship was much weaker among
relativists. Thus, firms wishing to optimally promote ethical attitudes and behavior must tailor their organization-based
initiatives to the individual characteristics of their employees. 相似文献
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67.
This paper proposes a nonparametric procedure to estimate market power for first‐price auction data and applies the procedure to cattle procurement markets. Most previous studies have used parametric methods, which require specific functional forms for retail demand, input supply and processors’ cost equations. However, researchers often find that market power estimates from parametric methods are sensitive to the choice of functional forms and specifications. An application to data from cattle procurement experiments shows that our nonparametric approach greatly outperforms commonly used parametric methods in estimating the degree of market power. While parametric estimates are sensitive to functional form specification and are at least 90% smaller than ‘true’ market power indices, estimates from our nonparametric procedure deviate from the actual value by no more than 25%. 相似文献
68.
Itzhak Gnizy John W. Cadogan João S. Oliveira Asmat Nizam 《International Business Review》2017,26(2):239-249
Practitioners and scholars point out that firms are increasingly dispersing their capabilities across organizational functions. However, it is not clear whether all forms of dispersion, of any function, result in the same consequences. This study initiates investigation into the link between the cross-functional dispersion of influence on export marketing decisions (export dispersion) and export performance. Drawing on data from a sample of 225 UK exporters, the findings support the argument that active participation of non-export functions in export-marketing decisions affects export success. However, those performance consequences are dependent on internal and external contingencies. Export dispersion is beneficial for export performance when the export customer environment is more turbulent and, simultaneously, the export technological environment is more stable and the firm has lower levels of export information sharing. In all other scenarios examined in this study, greater levels of concentration of export decision-making (i.e. lower levels of export dispersion) appear to be more beneficial for export performance. Our findings imply that the management of the firm’s level of export dispersion is a complex task, whereby the degree of export dispersion pursued needs to match external environmental and internal firm factors. 相似文献
69.
One third of food destined for human consumption is wasted globally, and much of the food waste that comes from high-income or developed countries is caused by poor marketing practices, consumer behavior, and consumption patterns. The present study focuses on developed countries to propose some marketing actions that could help in reducing food waste. A comprehensive analysis was carried out for each marketing variable, to provide a snapshot of actions and proposals that are being developed. Our study highlights the relevance of marketing in contributing to reduce food waste, through the removal of “Buy one, get one free” sales promotions, clarifying date labeling, or raising food waste awareness campaigns. The main contribution of this study is the proposal of marketing actions that help in tacking food waste. 相似文献
70.
Sodium content in foods: Brazilian consumers’ opinions,subjective knowledge and purchase intent
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Jéssica F. Rodrigues Rafaela C. Pereira Andressa A. Silva Andrey O. Mendes João de Deus S. Carneiro 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》2017,41(6):735-744
This study attempted to gain insights on Brazilian consumers’ subjective knowledge of sodium content in processed and homemade foods and their purchase intent for products with reduced‐sodium content. A questionnaire was distributed to 409 consumers selected by convenience quota sampling. We found that Brazilian consumers were concerned about the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in the products they consumed, regardless of educational levels, income, age, lifestyles, or health conditions. However, they still considered their consumption to be above WHO‐recommended limits and had little subjective knowledge about the term ‘sodium’. While processed products were considered the main contributors of high‐sodium intake, participants were not concerned about addition of salt at the table and salt in homemade food. The majority of respondents rarely read the sodium content on food labels; however, men and older individuals were more likely to read label information on sodium content. Products with reduced sodium were found to have market appeal, which justifies investments in research to develop these products. Therefore, in addition to the efforts to reduce sodium in the processed‐food industry, it is necessary to promote awareness about the importance of food labelling, especially sodium content, and the need to reduce salt in homemade food and additions during meals. 相似文献