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41.
Increasing electric power production from renewable energy sources is currently one of the major objectives of energy policy.
The intermittent nature of renewables, such as wind and solar, necessarily imposes complex trade-offs for regulatory objectives,
such as resource adequacy (and system reliability) versus reductions in green house gas emissions. We develop a highly stylized
model of investments in order to derive insights regarding the workings of regulatory incentives for increased renewable energy.
We first show that incentives are indeed needed when there are significant economies of scale in the form of “learning by
doing” or alternatively, when there is excess capacity in conventional technology due to legacy investments. We analyze two
different regulatory schemes (feed-in tariffs and renewable portafolio standards) aimed at increasing investment in renewable
capacity. We show that neither scheme is capable of inducing the socially optimal level of investment in renewable capacity.
A single feed-in tariff fails to induce optimal investment as a feed-in tariff exceeding marginal costs of conventional technology
incentivizes over-development of the most attractive sites which preempts investment in less attractive, yet socially valuable
sites. A renewable portfolio standard that promotes increased investment in renewable technology induces under-investment
in the conventional technology. These results suggest that a “clinical” regulatory design, that is, one that promotes the
right amount of renewable capacity without affecting conventional capacity is a challenging proposition. 相似文献
42.
Carlos Alfredo Rodriguez 《Journal of International Economics》1974,4(3):295-298
This note shows the non-equivalence of tariffs and quotas when foreign retaliation is allowed for. Using a Cournot-Johnson type of retaliation mechanism it is shown that, contrary to the case of tariffs, quota retaliation will lead to the elimination of international trade between the countries involved. 相似文献
43.
James J. Chrisman Jess H. Chua Alfredo De Massis Federico Frattini Mike Wright 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2015,32(3):310-318
We present a framework of how family involvement influences innovation management based on ability (discretion to act) and willingness (disposition to act), two drivers that distinguish family firms from nonfamily firms and lead to heterogeneity among family firms. Paradoxically, family firms have superior ability yet lower willingness to engage in technological innovation. Resolving this paradox should yield new insights about innovation management in general. We summarize and position the papers in this special issue according to these drivers and set out an agenda for further research that will contribute to a better understanding of family firms' heterogeneous and paradoxical behaviors. 相似文献
44.
Public Capital Formation and Regional Development in Spain 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper uses a vector autoregression (VAR) approach to evaluate the effects of public investment on private sector performance in Spain. Empirical results suggest that public investment positively affected private investment, employment, and output at both aggregate and regional levels. The regions that benefited the most from public investment in the last two decades were Cataluña, Madrid, and Pais Vasco. These regions are among the largest economic areas in the country and among the ones with the highest GDP per capita. Accordingly, public investment, while an important factor for aggregate economic growth, has also been a source of increasing regional asymmetries. 相似文献
45.
Emmanuel Jimenez 《Journal of public economics》1985,27(1):69-92
It is estimated that up to 30–35 percent of the total urban population of the Third World (about 185 million people) live in squatter settlements. This paper presents, from an economic perspective of tenure choice under uncertainty, a unified and consistent theoretical framework of this phenomenon, which has heretofore been studied mainly by other social scientists. The model is able to explain why land invasions occur. Furthermore, it provides some insights as to why the number of squatters in an urban area depends on a squatter community's ability to form coalitions to fully protect its members' rights. It is shown in the paper that, if a community is successful in controlling its size, government efforts which are meant to reduce the number of squatters may lead to the opposite results. In particular, the imposition of heavier fines or the increase of government expenditures on eviction activity (threat campaigns, eviction in other jurisdictions, etc.) will likely lead to an increase in the optimal number of squatters, unless the decline in expected utility caused by these efforts is so great that squatting no longer becomes viable at any community size. 相似文献
46.
Outward FDI and Local Employment Growth in Italy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Using several data sources, we assess the impact of Italy’s outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on local employment growth
between 1996 and 2001 for 12 manufacturing industries and 103 administrative provinces. Our main result is that, controlling
for the local industrial structure and area fixed effects, FDI is associated with faster local employment growth, relatively
to the national industry average. We also find that employment in small plants is not negatively influenced by higher levels
of FDI. Our findings do not support therefore the idea that FDI is detrimental to local employment growth in the home country.
JEL no. C21, F21, F23 相似文献
47.
Carlos Alfredo Rodriguez 《World development》1982,10(9):801-811
In this paper an analytical model is developed to incorporate the essential characteristics of the stabilization plan implemented in Argentina in January 1979. The model is based upon a set of simplifying assumptions that only approximate the complexity of the real world. It is assumed that the expectations of inflation and the degree of excess demand or supply in the non-traded goods market are the main intermediate determinants of the rate of inflation in that market, the rate of change of prices of traded goods being determined by the external inflation together with the rate of devaluation. Treating thus the external rate of inflation as exogenous, the only instrument available for influencing the rate of inflation in the long run is the rate of devaluation. Since the model assumes a fixed exchange rate regime, the money supply is endogenous and hence unsuitable as an instrument of economic policy. 相似文献
48.
Carlos Alfredo Rodriguez 《Journal of development economics》1975,2(3):223-247
The problem of the international migration of educated people is analyzed in the context of a dynamic economy where individuals are faced with three basic decisions: education, acquisition of physical capital and migration. The paper discusses the transitional and steady-state behaviour of such an economy, and in addition incorporates a detailed dynamic analysis of the effects of minimum wages and of the implementation of a migration tax. 相似文献
49.
50.
Alfredo Martin-Oliver Vicente Salas-Fumas Jesús Saurina 《Review of Industrial Organization》2008,33(4):297-323
Using data on marginal interest rates of loan and deposit products by Spanish banks, we find that the level of interest rates on loans (deposits) across geographic markets decrease (increase) with the number of banks in each market, and that the level of interest rates on loans increases with the level of interest rates of deposits. We also find that the dispersion of interest rates of both loans and deposits increase with the number of banks. This evidence is interpreted as evidence of customer’s search costs in retail banking, consistent with predictions from the Carlson and McAfee (J Polit Econ 91:480–493, 1983) model of market competition with search costs. 相似文献