As the largest single employee component of hospitals, nurses are critical to the functioning of the organization, and improving employee productivity continues to be a common theme in the health care literature. However, any increased productivity will be transitory if achieved at the expense of the quality of nurses' work life (QNWL), since improvement in the QNWL is prerequisite to improved productivity. The conceptual components of the concept of QNWL that differentiate QNWL from the concept job satisfaction are explored. 相似文献
We develop a model in which some child labor is exploitative.Since exploited child laborers are paid less than the valueof the marginal product of labor, there is scope for policyintervention to be Pareto improving. We illustrate this by showingthat a system of inspection and fines targeted on exploitativechild labor increases the aggregate output produced by children.We also establish that such intervention secures the releaseof children from exploitative working conditions, to their benefit.The distributional implications of the intervention among employersand among children who had not been exploited depends on whethercapital is mobile internationally, and can depend on whetherthe elimination of exploitative child labor is partial or complete. 相似文献
The study was prompted by (a) Frederick and Vogel's debate concerning future research in “business and society”, (b) such recently reported managerial excesses as golden parachutes, “greenmail”, and fraud, (c) the increasing emphasis on coursework in the area. It appears that there is a need to assess how students, our future business leaders, perceive social issues and if a “business and society” course can help them define and understand the importance of these issues. Three questions provided the focal point: (1) Which issues do students perceive as most important before and after completing the course? (2) How much importance do students place on issues? (3) Does completing a “business and society” course make a significant difference in how students perceive the importance of the issues presented? Students appeared to have already clearly defined priorities before entering the course as there was very little post-course reordering of priorities. However, they did display an increased perception of the importance of social issues. The study also indicated that a “business and society” course can contribute to an increased student awareness of the importance of social issues. Therefore, it was concluded that a “business and society” course can help students define and evaluate the importance of social issues. 相似文献
Aims: To examine medication adherence and discontinuation in two separate groups of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (BD), who began receiving a long-acting injectable antipsychotic (LAI) versus those who changed to a different oral antipsychotic monotherapy.Materials and methods: The Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid claims database was used to identify patients with schizophrenia; Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial and Medicaid claims databases were used to identify patients with BD. The analyses included adult patients (≥18 years) who either began receiving an LAI (no prior LAI therapy) or changed to a different oral antipsychotic (monotherapy). The first day of initiating an LAI or changing to a new oral antipsychotic was the index date. Linear and Cox regression models were conducted to estimate medication adherence (proportion of days covered [PDC]) and time to medication discontinuation (continuous medication gap ≥60 days), respectively. Models adjusted for patient demographic and clinical characteristics, baseline medication use, and baseline ED or hospitalizations.Results: Patients with schizophrenia (N?=?5638) who began receiving LAIs had better medication adherence (5% higher adjusted mean adherence) during the 1 year post-index period and were 20% less likely to discontinue their medication during the entire follow-up period than patients who changed to a different oral antipsychotic monotherapy, adjusting for differences between LAI users and oral users. Similarly, patients with BD (N?=?11,344) who began receiving LAIs also had 5% better medication adherence and were 19% less likely to discontinue their medication than those using oral antipsychotics.Limitations: Clinical differences unmeasurable in this database may have been responsible for the choice of LAI versus oral antipsychotics, and these differences may be responsible for some of the adherence advantages observed.Conclusions: This real-world study suggests that patients with schizophrenia or BD who began receiving LAIs had better medication adherence and lower discontinuation risk than those who changed to a different oral antipsychotic monotherapy. 相似文献
We investigate the disclosure of non-IFRS performance measures by 400 companies from eight countries using IFRS Standards (Australia, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, Singapore, Sweden and the United Kingdom) in the years 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2013 (1595 company-years). The incidence of disclosure is higher in UK and France but lower in Hong Kong, Germany and Singapore. Exclusions relating to impairment, tax, and mergers and acquisitions are frequent. Firms making non-IFRS disclosures are more likely to be larger, have higher leverage, and exhibit greater volatility in their reported income. Additional tests show national reporting traditions and practices affect non-IFRS disclosures. 相似文献
Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting - Regulators and standard setters strive to enhance the transparency of corporate disclosures. To address concerns regarding the improper use of... 相似文献
International Journal of Technology and Design Education - Architecture is never fixed: buildings and (urban) spaces change as their use(r)s and contexts change over time. Even when architectural... 相似文献
We show that free agent signings in U.S. professional sports are associated with localized sentiment trading effects. Responses are influenced by player performance, labor contract and sport structure characteristics unique to each league. Football signings lack guarantees and are noisy signals while the most informative baseball signings reflect player performance. Sentiment effects of basketball signings are mixed. Investors respond positively to contract extension announcements, but negatively to new contract negotiations, with either the current team or a different franchise. Exceptions are for free agents with high performance rankings or who are perceived to improve the odds of winning a championship. We also provide some evidence that sentiment trading is driven primarily by retail investors.