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991.
We study the channels parents use to make transfers to their children. First, we focus on the relationship between investments
in education and property transfers. Second, we turn to how property transfers are divided between inter vivos gifts and bequests. We use a Swedish dataset that is superior to previously used data as it contains information on both
gifts and inheritances received from parents. We estimate models for the probabilities of having university education, receiving
gifts, and receiving inheritances. In addition, we estimate models for gift and inheritance amounts. We find that the more
resources parents have, the higher the likelihood of transfers, and that the correlation between receiving inter vivos gifts and inheritances is very high. Finally, women are more likely to have university education and to receive gifts, and
daughters receive gifts of larger amounts than sons, although there are no differences in terms of inheritance. 相似文献
992.
This study identifies the main shocks that cause fluctuations in French output and their channels of transmission. It uses
a large-dimensional structural approximate dynamic factor model. There are three main findings. First, common shocks, especially
demand shocks, which seem to originate from the U.S., play an important role in explaining French economic activity. While
international trade, relative prices, and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows are the main channels of transmission, the
stock market, consumer confidence, and interest rates also matter. Second, France’s integration with the rest of the world
has increased over time. Third, there is some tentative evidence of regional components in explaining French output fluctuations;
country-specific components also contribute. The predominance of exogenous factors affecting French output, the asymmetry
in the transmission of shocks, and France’s participation in a currency area argue for making French goods, services, and
labor markets as flexible as possible. 相似文献
993.
We show that attractiveness, as measured by facial symmetry, leads to greater rewards in professional sports. National Football League quarterbacks who are more attractive are paid greater salaries and this premium persists after controlling for player performance. 相似文献
994.
This paper introduces a framework that generalizes exponential discounting in a net present value model by including a quasi-hyperbolic discount parameter in the asset valuation equation. Using observed market asset data, a statistically significant quasi-hyperbolic parameter is obtained, thus rejecting exponential discounting. 相似文献
995.
John J. Horton 《Economics Letters》2011,111(1):10-12
Critics of online labor markets claim that employer abuses are endemic in these markets. Surveying a sample of workers, I find that, on average, workers perceive online employers to be slightly fairer and more honest than offline employers. 相似文献
996.
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the environmental impacts of trade liberalization. This paper provides further discourse in this area with a study on Indonesia and its trade agreements with Japan (IJEPA) and ASEAN (AFTA). A static global CGE model, known as the Global Trade Analysis Project, was used to project the Indonesian economy to the year 2022, with and without tariff reforms agreed under the agreements. Environmental impacts are assessed using different pollution indicators—air, water and waste. The study suggests that Indonesia would grow rapidly over the period considered with a large deterioration in its environment. Following these, however, the agreements only have a marginal positive impact on Indonesia's output but with a noticeable increase in trade flows and signs of trade diversion. Overall AFTA has a greater impact on the Indonesian economy compared to IJEPA. Similarly, the impact of trade liberalization on the environment is marginal. On the whole, tariff reform is inducing air pollution and reducing water pollution. In conclusion, the study suggests that Indonesia's participation in the AFTA and IJEPA agreements is not likely to bring drastic changes to her economic and environmental performance. 相似文献
997.
In this paper we examine long-run house price convergence across US states using a novel econometric approach advocated by Pesaran (2007) and Pesaran et al. (2009). Our empirical modelling strategy employs a probabilistic test statistic for convergence based on the percentage of unit root rejections among all state house price differentials. Using a sieve bootstrap procedure, we construct confidence intervals and find evidence in favour of convergence. We also conclude that speed of adjustment towards long-run equilibrium is inversely related to distance. 相似文献
998.
Paul van den Noord 《Empirica》2011,38(1):19-51
The fiscal cost of the financial and economic crisis in Europe is huge. The paper provides provisional estimates of this cost
and looks at its implications for the sustainability of public finances, taking into account also the impact of aging populations.
The historical experience suggests that economic growth is persistently lowered in the aftermath of financial crisis, making
fiscal consolidation more difficult yet all the more essential. Meanwhile the timing of the exit from fiscal stimulus and
subsequent fiscal consolidation must reconcile sustainability and stabilisation goals—a delicate balancing act. The paper
will argue in favour of structural reform to boost the economic growth potential alongside fiscal consolidation. The fiscal
coordination framework in the EU, together with the Europe 2020 strategy, is seen to underpin this approach. 相似文献
999.
Fritz Breuss 《Empirica》2011,38(1):131-152
Inspired by Dornbusch’s model of exchange rate overshooting we develop a theory of stock market behaviour and its impact on
the real economy. The idea is that stock market prices overshoot and undershoot their long-run equilibrium values which are
determined by the development in the real economy. The overshooting is triggered primarily by a loose monetary policy. With
our model we explain the genesis of the global financial crisis (GFC) 2008/2009 primarily as the result of a loose monetary
policy in the USA. Following the overshooting and crash in the stock market the real economy dropped into a recession. After
modelling the interaction of three markets with different speed of adjustment—money, stocks and goods—for a closed economy
we expand it to an open economy and lastly study the spillovers of a financial market crisis between countries (from a large
to a small country) by introducing the transmission channels of external trade or cross-border financial transactions. A long-lasting
monetary easing as exhibiting by the Fed and the ECB since 2007 and 2008, respectively could—according to our model—generate
another boom-bust cycle. 相似文献
1000.
The challenges posed by the economic downturn on baccalaureate nursing schools in the southeast as it relates to their perceptions of changes in the number of applicants, acceptance rates, employer recruitment efforts, and student clinical and job placement were explored. Responses from deans and program directors indicated nursing schools are experiencing negative effects of the economic downturn in the form of graduates having difficulty finding employment, decreased recruitment efforts from prospective employers, difficulty locating clinical placements for students, and no change in faculty applicants despite an increase in undergraduate student applicants as well as graduate student applicants. These multiple factors combined could signal the death knell for programs that are ill-prepared to deal with such a crisis. Programs need to be aggressive in their efforts to draw health care recruiters as well as qualified faculty applicants to their campuses. Nursing schools must be able to clearly show why their graduates are superior to other programs' graduates when competing for both highly qualified faculty applicants and prospective student employers. 相似文献