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971.
This paper explores the effects of national economic disparity on the completion or abandonment of cross-border acquisitions by combining behavioral perspectives of risky decision making and theories of organizational learning. Using a sample of 2445 cross-border acquisitions announced between 1985 and 2008, we show that an acquisition is less likely to be completed when the acquirer is from a more developed country vis-a-vis the target than when the acquirer is from a less developed country. Furthermore, the higher the economic development level of the acquirer’s country relative to that of the target, the less likely the deal is to be completed. We also find that the time elapsed between the acquisition announcement and completion dates is shorter as the economic development level of the acquirer’s country relative to that of the target is higher. 相似文献
972.
Helge Thorbjrnsen Micael Dahln Yih H. Lee 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2016,33(3):342-355
Some firms preannounce new products long before they are actually available on the market. Previous research has investigated the effects of such new product preannouncements (NPPs) on consumer and competitor responses. This paper examines how NPPs affect consumers' construal of and preferences for the new product and, in turn, how these evaluations influence their preferences for the brands' other products. Specifically, the paper demonstrates that consumers' construal level of NPPs spills over to their construal of other products in the brand family, causing a positive, biased evaluation of these products. Three experimental studies reveal that the mere information about an NPP can shift evaluation of currently available brand products in a positive direction through construal‐level spillover and increased perceptions of similarity. The studies contrast NPPs to new product announcements (NPAs) and consistently find more positive results for the former. Moreover, the studies find that product newness has a moderating effect on the results, such that the positive spillover effects are more pronounced for really new products than for incrementally new products. The results also show that the effects are contingent on the credibility of the NPP: If consumers do not consider the NPPs credible, no positive spillover effects will materialize. Finally, the studies demonstrate that the positive evaluative spillover is specific to the products in the brand family and does not affect consumers' perceptions or choice of competitor products. Consumers actually rate the competing brand's remaining products lower when the focal brand engages in NPPs. The study has important implications for managers regarding how to use NPPs to influence consumers' construal and evaluations of brand products. 相似文献
973.
974.
Grossman and Helpman highlighted a political framework to internalize inefficiency incurred due to unilateral trade policy implementation by sovereign countries. This paper extensively adopts their framework to explore the effects of special interest politics on governments under negotiation to forge international environmental standards to control global emission. Particular attention is given to a case in which negotiation is driven by transferring the abatement technology. Within a specific factor model of international trade, improving the abatement efficiency through technology transfer can give the most mutually beneficial outcome, achieving the lowest level of global pollution compared to other political benchmarks. 相似文献
975.
Jasmine Siu Lee Lam 《NETNOMICS》2010,11(1):33-46
Ship routing and scheduling is an important activity for ship operators at both planning and operation levels. Ship operators,
as commercial entities, have to closely monitor routing and scheduling in relation to their financial implications. This paper
presents an integrated approach for port selection, ship scheduling and financial analysis. It aims to discuss the architecture
and the major features of an integrated intelligent system for liner shipping. Currently many liners still perform ship routing
and scheduling manually based on professional knowledge and experience. The proposed system is developed with an international
liner company and is flexible to account for user inputs according to the real situation in the port selection module. Also
the system provides two modes in the scheduling module: automatic and manual. The automatic mode makes use of an optimisation
model to find the optimal proforma schedule (PFS). The manual mode allows manual modifications to be performed to accommodate
the existing liners to allow for a smooth implementation. The financial analysis module examines the financial consequences
of the PFS which are crucial for making commercial decisions. As a whole, the solution algorithm calls for an integrated approach
that can integrate data from various sources with different levels of certainties and accuracies, knowledge gained from practical
operations and optimisation routines. The system will be useful for ship operators in liner shipping. 相似文献
976.
Terry C. Wilson Philip C. Burger W. Benoy Joseph Milton M. Pressley Inder Khera Priscilla LaBarbera Ronald L. Zalloco C. O. Bettinger Gerald M. Hampton Frederick E. May Richard K. Robinson Raymond L. Horton John W. Browning Douglas J. Lincoln Herbert E. Brown Rajan Chandran Lee D. Dahringer Bruce L. Stern 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1980,8(1-2):152-170
977.
This paper purports to estimate the characteristics of women who had experiences of abortion in 1991 based on an economic model of fertility. The study makes use of a national survey on the knowledge of, attitude towards, and practice of family planning and reproductive health among married women in Taiwan. The results show that older women with higher family income and who live in urban areas were more likely to have the pregnancy terminated. In addition, the decision to have an abortion was negatively correlated with prior pregnancy loss, but positively associated with the number of previous live births. On the other hand, the availability of abortion services as measured by the number of legal abortion providers at city and county levels had a negative effect on the demand for abortions. The local female unemployment rate was found to be positively correlated with the woman's decision to have an abortion. 相似文献
978.
W. Lee Hansen 《The Journal of economic education》2013,44(3):231-242
The case for adopting a proficiencies approach to instruction and learning in the economics major is reiterated. This approach focuses on what graduating majors should be able to do with the knowledge and skills they acquire in the major, that is, their ability to demonstrate their learning in practical ways. The author's list of five proficiencies, advanced in the mid-1980s, is reviewed and revised; one additional proficiency is added and several others are refined. The author discusses the emphasis given to these proficiencies with top economics undergraduates at two major research universities, the author's experience with incorporating these proficiencies into his instruction, and the challenge of assessing the ability of economics majors to demonstrate these proficiencies. 相似文献
979.
This paper examines the optimal output taxes for polluting oligopolists under endogenous market structure, in the presence of external costs that vary exogenously with aggregate output. For general functional forms, we show that (i) the equilibrium number of firms in an industry may differ from the socially optimal number of firms and (ii) the second-best optimal taxes under imperfect competition could be less than, equal to, or greater than marginal external damages depending upon the curvature of market demand. 相似文献
980.
Bill Lee 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2000,12(2):213-228
In contrast to arguments that flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) are highly versatile configurations that are only prevented from machining a wide range of parts by extrinsic constraints, this article contends that FMS are a genre of configurations that combine flexibility and intrinsic constraints in a variety of permutations, depending on a user's intended objectives. Empirical evidence is used to identify the factors that shape the levels of constraint in particular FMS and to identify instances where intrinsic constraints impede performance. Suggestions are made for initiatives to facilitate the continued use of FMS with the highest levels of intrinsic constraints that have hitherto hindered performance when the FMS users' manufacturing needs changed. Occupational structures that promote a polarization between staff with engineering knowledge and those responsible for defining general strategic objectives are suggested as a potential obstacle to such initiatives. 相似文献