英语成语和汉语成语的对应情况

本文主要从三个方面论述了英语成语和汉语成语的对应情况。帮助读者正确理解英语成语的含义及其与汉语的对应情况 ,以便我们在英语教学和学习中正确使用这类词。     

逆向物流再造网络成本优化的相关机会目标规划模型研究

逆向物流凭借着其重大的经济社会价值，成为了企业物流战略的重要组成部分。本文简要介绍了逆向物流的经济价值和特点，划分了逆向物流产品构成，重点研究了逆向物流再造网络的结构和特点，并运用相关机会规划理论建立了逆向物流再造网络的成本优化模型。     

逆向物流的管理策略研究

随着对物流研究的不断深入,“逆向物流”逐渐被认为是降低物流成本的有效途径.本文简单阐述了逆向物流的概念、作用、特点,结合系统工程的思想,重点从逆向物流的构成方面深入讨论了逆向物流的管理策略,希望对现代企业的逆向物流管理起到一定的作用.     

信息网络与地区经济发展

文章运用多数地区模型分析信息网络的导入对地区经济发展的影响,弄清信息网络的导入与各地区的经济福祉之间的关系。另外,还将探讨地区间服务贸易与国际货物贸易之间的关系。     

Optimal Intervention Policies for a Small Monetary Economy

We analyze the gains from trade for a small cash-in-advance economy with endogenous labor supply and learning-by-doing in the accumulation of human capital. Contrary to previous findings, we show that free trade is not optimal independently of the relative amount of cash required for the purchase of each good. Furthermore, a monetary rule à la Friedman can eliminate distortions deriving from the cash-in-advance constraint only under segmented financial markets; in any case, it cannot restore the economic optimum. Finally, we identify government intervention policies, such as wage and export subsidies, that can be welfare improving.     

逆向配送集成模型终端运输线路的优化研究

研究了正逆向集成配送的终端线路优化原则和优化方法，依据运输产品的性质将逆向配送产品分为可以与正向配送同车运输和不能同车运输两类，分别探讨了这两类产品的集成配送终端的线路优化策略，并用一个实例加以说明。     

国际服务贸易自由化的收益和成本

伴随着全球服务贸易的飞速发展,服务贸易自由化的收益问题成为众多学者讨论的热门话题。有的学者认为服务贸易自由化有利于降低产品价格、改善服务质量以及节约成本等,因而会给全球带来巨大的收益;而有的学者则提出相反的观点,认为自由化会遏制本国服务业的发展、传播经济危机并危害国家安全。文章在总结许多学者关于国际服务贸易自由化中收益和成本文献的基础上,对我国参与服务贸易自由化提出了相关的建议。     

Government financing in an endogenous growth model with financial market restrictions

Summary. In this paper, we develop an endogenous growth model with market regulations on explicitly modeled financial intermediaries to examine the effects of alternative government financing schemes on growth, inflation, and welfare. In the presence of binding regulation, there is always a unique equilibrium. We perform four alternative policy experiments; a change in the seigniorage tax rate, a change in the seigniorage tax base, a change in the income tax and a change in the fiscal-monetary policy mix. We find that in the presence of binding legal reserve requirements, a marginal increase in government spending need not result in a reduction in the rate of economic growth if it is financed with an increase in the seigniorage tax rate. Raising the seigniorage tax base by means of an increase in the reserve requirement retards growth and it has an ambiguous effect on inflation. An increase in income tax financed government spending also suppresses growth and raises inflation although not to the extent that the required seigniorage tax rate alternative would. Switching from seigniorage to income taxation as a source of government finance is growth reducing but deflationary. From a welfare perspective, the least distortionary way of financing an increase in the government spending requirements is by means of a marginal increase in the seigniorage tax rate. Under the specification of logarithmic preferences, the optimal tax structure is indeterminate. Received: March 20, 2000; revised version: June 26, 2001     

要素禀赋、专业化分工、贸易的理论与实证-与杨小凯、张永生商榷

杨小凯和张永生在《经济学(季刊)》第一卷第一期上发表的"新贸易理论、比较利益理论及其经验研究的新成果:文献综述"中声称比较优势说等国际贸易理论的四大命题已经被否定,断言分工才更本质地确定了贸易结构。本文的文献综述发现并非如此,而且,在其他著作中,杨小凯(2001)也认为贸易结构和分工是由各国的技术和要素禀赋的比较利益决定。本文证明分工可能会提高生产效率,但并不改变要素禀赋与技术比较优势决定贸易结构的结论。     

新时期我国农村人口贫困化问题研究

20世纪我国农村贫困人口的快速下降得到了国际社会的广泛好评。但是进入新世纪以后,农村贫困问题并没有继续得到明显改善,农村贫困出现了新的特征。农村的贫困成因是多方面的,如资源禀赋不足、自然灾害、农民素质问题、国家扶贫力度不够等等。文章从客观因素、政策因素两个方面分析了我国农村贫困化的原因,同时就如何解决贫困问题给出了较为科学的建议。