Employers’ Perspectives on the Canadian National Standard for Psychological Health and Safety in the Workplace

Mental illness is the leading cause of disability in Canada, with costs estimated at 51 billion dollars annually in addition to significant social costs. The Canadian National Standard for Psychological Health and Safety in the Workplace (the Standard), recently released by the Mental Health Commission of Canada, aims to promote psychological health and safety in Canadian workplaces. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of Canadian employers on the National Standard for Psychological Health and Safety in the Workplace. Ten employers from large, medium, and small workplaces participated in qualitative semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Employers are concerned with workplace mental health and see value in the Standard, but are relatively uninformed about it. Employers identified leadership as a critical ingredient for effective Standard implementation, and believed that benefits of the Standard can be far reaching. Roger’s (2003) Diffusion of Innovations model is applied to conceptualize the uptake of this important social change. Employers’ perspectives and foundational knowledge about the Standard provides a starting point for collaborations between human resource professionals, workplace consultants, and workplace leaders to move the implementation of the Standard forward and create psychologically healthy work environments.     

Making Ethical Judgements: A Cross-Cultural Management Study

This article reports the results of a cross-cultural empirical study across seven countries which investigates the differences in the way managers structure their ethical judgements regarding the loyalty of a corporation to its employees, the loyalty of employees to the corporation, and the loyalty of employees towards their co-workers. Managers' ethical judgements from the East Asian tiger countries of Japan, Korea and Hong Kong are compared with those from the Anglo countries of the United States and Australia, and with those from the transitional countries of Asiatic Russia and Poland. An adapted version of the well documented Reidenbach-Robin instrument is used, and its cross-cultural application investigated. As hypothesized, cross-cultural differences were indicated for both the structure and content of managers' ethical judgements, which have important implications for the way organizations are effectively managed both nationally, regionally and internationally. Weaknesses in the a priori constructs of the research instrument were also indicated, and recommendations made for future development of methodology in this area.     

The Bridge to Practice Model: a collaborative program designed for clinical experiences in baccalaureate nursing

The Bridge to Practice Model provides undergraduate nursing students with continuity in medical-surgical education through placement in the same hospital for all medical-surgical clinical rotations. Hospitals that participate in the bridge model provide senior clinical nurse preceptors whose time is paid for by the university. The university provides an on-site nurse faculty member who works with nursing education to coordinate all clinical groups. Institutional continuity and university/hospital collaboration result in less orientation time for students and faculty, more involvement with clinical support services and care management, and more informed employment choices by senior students. Challenges include recruitment of interested senior clinical nurses, retention of clinical liaison faculty, and management of the trade-off between institutional stability offered by clinical site continuity and the variety of experiences offered by rotation across several clinical settings.     

19th annual TTRA conference

Cindy Guernsey, Gin Hayden, Sarah Richardson and C.R. Goeldner briefly summarize the 19th Annual Conference of the Travel and Tourism Research Association held in Montreal, Canada on 19–23 June 1988. The conference discussed a variety of research methods and applications, ways of improving demand for different attractions, and the future of tourism generally.     

New evidence on the origins of corporate crime

The intuition that poorly performing corporations are more likely to engage in crime is found throughout the contemporary literature on the economics and law and economics of corporate misconduct. Yet little evidence of such a relationship exists. This paper presents new evidence on the relationship between prior performance and corporate crime, using panel data on public corporations, 1975–92. When prior performance is measured in terms of earnings, only very weak evidence of a relationship is found. However, we find that a low rate of sales or employment growth by the firm tends to be a good predictor of environmental crime, and that environmental crime tends to occur in industries that have had relatively high rates of growth, as measured by employment or sales. This suggests that it is the performance of the firm rather than or relative to that of the industry that matters. Support for this finding is robust. The data provide weaker support for the notion that prior performance affects the occurrence of other types of corporate crime, particularly fraud. This may reflect the presence of mechanisms through which potential fraud victims, unlike potential environmental crime victims, can and do respond to events that would increase their chances of becoming crime victims by taking steps to prevent it. Finally, larger firms are found significantly more likely to have engaged in crime than smaller firms, in contrast to recent suggestions in the literature.     

The effect of functional status impairment on nursing home admission risk among patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease

Abstract

Aims: To estimate the relationship between functional status (FS) impairment and nursing home admission (NHA) risk in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, and quantify the effect of advanced PD (APD) treatment on NHA risk relative to standard of care (SoC).

Materials and methods: PD patients were identified in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) (1992–2010). A working definition based on the literature and clinical expert input determined APD status. A logit model estimated the relationship between FS impairment and NHA risk. The effect of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) on NHA risk relative to SoC was simulated using clinical trial data (control: optimized oral levodopa-carbidopa IR, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00660387 and NCT0357994).

Results: Non-advanced PD and APD significantly increased NHA risk when controlling for demographics (p?<?0.01). APD status was no longer significant after controlling for FS limitations, implying that FS limitations explain the increased NHA risk in APD patients. Reduced impairment in FS in patients with APD treated with LCIG reduced risk of NHA by 13.5% relative to SoC.

Limitations: This study applies clinical trial results to real-world data. LCIG treatment might have a different effect on NHA risk for the nationally representative population than the effect measured in the trial. Both data sources employ different instruments to measure FS, instrument wording and study follow-up differed, which might bias our estimates. Finally, there lacks consensus on a definition of APD. The prevalence of APD in this study is high, perhaps due to the specific definition used.

Conclusions: Patients with APD experience a higher risk in NHA than those with non-advanced disease. This increased risk in NHA in patients with APD is explained by greater limitations in FS. The relative reduction in risk of NHA for the APD population treated with LCIG is quantitatively similar to doubling Medicaid home care services.     

Indigenisation of Corporate Strategies in Africa： Lessons From the African Ubuntu Philosophy

Within an African setting, the Ubuntu philosophy embodies a socio-cultural framework that applies to all individuals and institutions throughout the continent. The Ubuntu application is pervasive in almost all parts of the African continent. Hence, the Ubuntu philosophy is integrated into all aspects of day-to-day life throughout Africa and is a concept shared by all tribes in South, Central, West, and East Africa amongst people of Bantu origin. This paper presents a desk research that aims at reviewing and analysing literature on corporate lessons that can be realised from the African Ubuntu philosophy. The paper reviews the background and significance of the Ubuntu philosophy including successful cases of Africanising management systems. Finally the paper reviews major contributions that the Ubuntu philosophy can make towards global management systems. The literature reveals that there are a lot of corporate strategy lessons that can be realised out of the Ubuntu philosophy. These lessons include collectivism and teamwork, creation of synergies and competitive advantages, humanist leadership styles and maturity, consensus in decision-making systems, effective communication, and community-based corporate social responsibility. Therefore, there is a need for corporate strategy and management systems to be realigned with the local Ubuntu philosophy that defines the Africa＇s socio-cultural framework. To be successful, Africa-based organisations must be found on this Ubuntu philosophy.     

“后资本”时期的艺术、政治与学习过程

主题(TOPIC):后资本时期的艺术、政治与学习过程(Art,Politics and the Process of Learning In thePostcapitalEra)日期(DATE):2009年7月26日地点(VENUE):伊比利亚当代艺术中心多功能厅主讲(LEADER):丹尼埃尔·加西亚·安杜哈,后资本文献1989-2001艺术家(Daniel Garc(?)a And(?)jar,Artist ofPostcapitalArchive 1989- 2001);瓦伦丁·洛马,后资本文献1989-2001展览策展人(Valent(?)n Roma,curatorofPostcapital Archive 1989-2001)论坛嘉宾(GUEST SPEAKERS):夏季风,伊比利亚当代艺术中心总监(Xia Jifeng,Director of Iberia Center for Contemporary Art);左靖,伊比利亚当代艺术中心艺术总监(Zuo Jing,Art Director of Iberia Center for Contemporary Art);董冰峰,《当代艺术与投...     

Towards a Framework of Reverse Knowledge Transfer by Emerging Economy Multinationals: Evidence from Chinese MNE Subsidiaries in the United States

This article extends the research on knowledge transfer by emerging‐economy multinationals (EEMs) by exploring the determinants of successful reverse knowledge transfer (RKT) in Chinese enterprises operating in the United States. Building upon organizational evolution and learning literature, we propose a model linking strategic asset‐seeking motivations, headquarters (HQ) control, and subsidiary age to RKT. The model is empirically tested in the context of Chinese enterprises in the United States and further justified by four cases of Chinese multinationals. Our exploratory study provides initial evidence that strategic asset‐seeking motivations and HQ control are significantly and positively related to RKT. Furthermore, our empirical evidence indicates a negative relationship between subsidiary age and RKT. We discuss the implications for theory development and practice for managing and organizing EEMs and their subsidiaries and suggest avenues for future research on this emerging phenomenon. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.