Wage inequality in developing countries: South–South trade matters

The relationship between trade liberalization and inequality has received considerable attention in recent years. The major purpose of this study is to present new results on the sources of wage inequalities in manufacturing taking into account South–South (S–S) trade. Globalization has not only lead to increasing North–South (N–S) trade, but it has also changed the direction and composition of trade as more trade is carried out among developing countries. In this study, we find that increasing wage inequality is associated more with the South–South trade liberalization than with the classical trade liberalization with northern countries. A part of this increasing wage inequality due to S–S trade comes from the development of N–S trade relationship in S–S trade that increases wage inequality in middle-income developing countries. This study also seeks to shed some light on the link between the direction of trade and technological change. We explore the fact that S–S trade leads to a technological change biased toward skill-intensive sectors more than N–S trade. This indirect effect increases wage inequality for all developing countries, but it is more important in low-income countries.     

The political determinants of liberalization: do ideological cleavages still matter?

We investigate the political determinants of liberalization in OECD network industries, performing a panel estimation over 30 years, through the largest and most updated sample available. Our results contrast with the traditional wisdom according to which right-wing governments do promote market-oriented policies more intensively than left-wing ones. Our findings reveal a neglected role of the so-called neoliberalism in promoting left-wing market-oriented policy. As a result, we claim that ideological cleavages ceased to act as determinants of the liberalization wave observed in network industries. This result is confirmed when controlling for the existing regulatory conditions that executives find when elected. Furthermore, we find that the country’s exposure to other countries’ policy initiatives acts as a positive stimulus for liberalization policies.     

Strictness of leniency programs and asymmetric punishment effect

We analyze the impact of leniency programs on the behavior of firms participating in illegal cartel agreements in a two-stage repeated game model. Our approach takes into account asymmetric punishment effect and allows to discuss the design of leniency programs in the setting with asymmetries. The main contribution of the paper is that we consider heterogeneous firms. This heterogeneity results in additional costs in case of disclosure of the cartel, which are caused by asymmetric punishments. Next, following current antitrust rules, we analyze effects of the strictness of leniency programs, which reflects the likelihood of getting a complete exemption from fine even in case many firms self-report simultaneously. Our main conclusion is that leniency programs work better for small companies, since a lower rate of law enforcement is needed in order to induce self-reporting by smaller firms, while big firms are less likely to start a cartel in the first place given the possibility of self-reporting in future. Finally, we analyze optimal enforcement strategies of the antitrust authority and conclude that the authority with limited resources should implement more generous leniency rules the more cartelized the economy is.     

The influence of redemption time frame on responses to incentives

In the present research, Construal Level Theory is used to predict that consumers will mentally characterize incentive offers differently as a function of their redemption time frames. Data from two experiments indicate that concrete features, such as the face value of an offer or its mode of presentation (as a dollar figure or as a percentage discount), are prominent for incentives with short time frames but not for incentives with long ones. In the latter case, abstract features, such as the incentive’s goal congruity or fit with personal values, are more likely to influence responses.     

Green marketing strategies: an examination of stakeholders and the opportunities they present

As green marketing strategies become increasingly more important to firms adhering to a triple-bottom line performance evaluation, the present research seeks to better understand the role of “green” as a marketing strategy. Through an integration of the marketing, management, and operations literatures, an investigative framework is generated that identifies the various stakeholders potentially impacted through the environmentally friendly efforts of a firm. Specifically, the inter-connected nature of the core business disciplines of marketing, management (both strategy and human resources), and operations are examined as controllable functions within an organization from which strategies can be enacted to affect a firm’s stakeholders. The prior research in these areas is examined to identify potential research opportunities in marketing while also offering a series of representative research questions that can help guide future research in marketing.     

中国500强企业竞争力发展的结构性研究

上财中国500强企业竞争力评价指标由盈利、成长和规模三个子指标构成。本文通过追踪2004-2010中国500强企业竞争力变化趋势及深入分析发现:2008年以来中国500强整体竞争力呈加速上升态势,但不同行业、地区之间企业竞争力存在差异性;国有企业和民营企业整体竞争力差距不大,国有企业占据规模优势,民营企业更具盈利能力。500强在发展中仍存在诸多问题,如产业结构不合理、过度求大和尚待做强等。对此,本文提出了促进中国500强企业由大变强的建议。     

《大乘大义章》与印度佛教中国化

《大乘大义章》是研究罗什与慧远佛学思想的重要著作,也是研究印度佛教思想和印度佛教中国化的重要著作。《大乘大义章》显示出罗什与慧远在佛学思想上的差别,同时也反映出中印佛教文化在本质上的不同。这两种不同文化的冲突预示着印度佛教中国化的发展方向。     

高职学生网络学习动机探究

通过阐述学习动机在高职学生进行网络课程中的作用,并在分析当前网络课程中学习动机激发存在的几点问题的基础上,着重探讨了高职学生网络课程学习中激发和保持学习动机的策略,从而促进数字化学习的开展。     

TD-LTE各种上下行配置的性能比较

TD-LTE是我国拥有核心自主知识产权的下一 代无线通信技术标准,共有7种不同的上下行配置,以灵活支持不同的上下行业务需求。通 过研究不同上下行配置对应的各种时序,得出不同上下行配置对上下行时延的影响。通过分 析在不同上下行配置下信道质量反馈、上行探测信号、混合自适应重传等技术的配置,研究 了不同上下行配置对上下行吞吐量及频谱效率的影响。同时利用系统仿真验证了以上分析结 果,给出了不同上下行配置性能下时延、吞吐量、频谱效率性能。研究结果为不同业务和组 网要求下 上下行配置的选择提供了参考依据。