浅谈医院信息系统的安全维护

医院信息系统（HIS）在当今医院管理中发挥着不可替代的作用。该系统的广泛应用,给医院带来了巨大的经济效益。然而,一旦HIS系统运行出现问题,将给医院带来不可估量的损失,因此必须从中心机房、网络设备、服务器及数据库管理、病毒防范等方面采取相应的安全维护措施,以保障HIS系统的安全运行。     

甘草多糖的药理作用研究进展

甘草多糖是甘草中所含有的一类主要化学成分,本文对甘草多糖的免疫调节、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等药理作用进行了系统的综述。     

地方高校“卓越工程师教育培养计划”大学英语教改探析

我国高等工程教育大而不强,英语水平是制约学生参与国际竞争的一大障碍。教育部2010年启动的"卓越工程师教育培养计划"把更加重视工程人才培养国际化作为战略重点之一。本文探析了"卓越工程师教育培养计划"试点地方高校北京石油化工学院在试点专业实施大学英语教改的课程定位与体系设计、交互式教学模式,以生为本、注重过程的教改特色。对进一步深化大学英语教学改革提出了对策。     

分层次教学法在体育教学中的效果研究

在体育教学中运用"多层次教学法"能体现"以人为本"的教育思想,充分激发每个学生的学习情绪和兴趣,使学生潜在的智能、技能等得到开发,从而增强体育教学的效果。     

Simultaneous versus sequential information processing

Subjects update prior information simultaneously versus sequentially. The mean prediction is remarkably close to the correct Bayesian estimate with simultaneous information, but differs significantly conditional on whether good news precedes bad news or vice versa.     

Fine-scale conservation planning outside of reserves: Cost-effective selection of retention patches at final harvest

Retaining forest patches at final harvest is a key conservation measure in boreal forests, but guidelines for how to increase its cost-effectiveness are lacking. In a study in boreal Sweden, we compared the cost-effectiveness of three different approaches a forest owner may use to select patches: selection based on the conservation value of patches alone, economic cost alone or both of them combined. We also compared the cost-effectiveness of six different common types of patches. Conservation value was measured as species richness of bryophytes and lichens and as structural characteristics of patches. Compared to the selection approach in which both conservation value and cost were used, cost-effectiveness was 5-14% lower when only conservation value was used, depending on how conservation value was measured. On the contrary, using only the economic cost decreased the cost-effectiveness by only 1-2%. Among the patch types, swamp forest areas and deciduous tree groups were cost-effective types to retain. However, the patch types were complementary in their species composition and all hosted unique species. We argue that, ideally, assessments of both conservation values and economic costs of retaining patches should be made prior to harvest to enable planners to make well-informed and cost-effective decisions.     

长株潭城市群推进低碳城镇化的思考

在推进长株潭城市群的城镇化进程中,为了培育新的经济增长点和抢占战略制高点,转变传统的经济发展模式和突出发展低碳经济刻不容缓。通过对长株潭城市群推进低碳城镇化的可行性进行分析,针对性地提出了长株潭城市群发展低碳城镇化的对策,为实现"两型社会",推进新型城镇化建设提供参考。     

生态系统服务功能评估在土地利用总体规划环境影响评价中的应用——以黑龙江省大庆市为例

环境影响评价在土地利用规划中的应用研究已经广泛开展,将生态系统服务功能价值核算应用到环境影响评价中,对大庆市1996—2010年土地利用总体规划进行环境影响评价。结果表明:研究期内,大庆市土地利用类型中未利用地和牧草地面积净减少;湿地、林地和居民及建筑用地面积净增加,其中湿地增加最多;大庆市生态系统服务总价值从1996年373.71×108元增加到2010年的787.07×108元,在规划期内净增加了413.35×108元,单项功能服务价值全部在增加,其中废物处理、气候调节和水源涵养增幅最大,这主要是由气候调节作用强的林地增加和水源涵养系数最高的水域增加共同引起的。人均生态服务价值也保持增长的趋势,增长的变化率为83.61%,说明该规划对大庆市生态环境状况的改善起到了促进作用,有利于生态环境保护目标的实现。     

Social exchange: Empirical examination of form and focus

We investigate similarities and differences among prominent types of social exchange (psychological contract fulfillment, perceived organizational support, trust in the organization, leader-member exchange, and trust in the supervisor) and propose that two higher-order factors represent social exchanges with the organization and with the supervisor. We investigate their prediction of important employee work attitudes, citizenship behaviors, and performance. Based on data from 448 employees, empirical tests support the existence of organization- and supervisor-directed social exchanges. Tests using structural equation modeling support unique predictions of attitudinal and behavioral work outcomes.     

Institutional environment and firms' sources of financial capital in Central and Eastern Europe

The external business environment is a major determinant of which sources firms select to obtain financial capital. We examine how the regulatory, political, and financial dimensions of the institutional environment influence the extent to which firms rely on informal sources of financial capital. The analyses of data from 2869 firms in twenty-six transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) indicate that ineffective regulatory system, underdeveloped financial system, and government corruption are strong determinants of firms' reliance on informal channels for financial capital. We also find that smaller firms are more vulnerable when the local financial system is underdeveloped and the regulatory institutions are less effective in these transition economies. A subgroup analysis of firms' forms of establishment shows that private firms are sensitive to the level of development of the local financial system and state-owned enterprises are particularly sensitive to the degree of corruption.