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41.
Tina Lundø Tranekjer Mette Præst Knudsen 《Journal of Product Innovation Management》2012,29(6):986-999
For every inbound activity by a firm in open innovation, a reciprocal outbound activity by another firm must be generated. The reciprocal outbound activities range from transferring of knowledge and ideas to solutions delivered to other firms' new product development projects. This paper names the firms that produce the reciprocal outbound activity for “providers,” and is the first to empirically investigate such providers of ideas, solutions, and technologies for other firms' open innovation activities. The literature review shows a surprising shortage of research on who the providers are, how they engage with other firms, and not least what potential benefits can be achieved from supporting other firms' innovation activities. The paper uses a quantitative survey on Danish small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) carried out in 2010 to identify the providers, the role they take on, and the main benefits the providers gain. This paper finds that firms that are providers are indeed an under‐researched and important phenomenon for firms' innovation activities. Compared to receivers of knowledge, the providers are younger, have a higher R&D intensity, adopt more open innovation practices, have higher absorptive capacity, and fewer barriers toward knowledge sharing as demonstrated by the NIH and NSH syndromes. Finally, although only tentatively, the paper finds that the provider firms are more product innovative compared to nonproviders. The paper further finds that more projects, more embedded relationships, and mutual rather than one‐way exchange relationships significantly raise the probability that a firm experiences a substantial benefit from providing to other firms' new product development projects. The overall ambition of the paper at this point is to inspire other researchers to pursue the agenda on the provider perspective for future research. To support such research, the paper suggests a broadening of the research perspectives from the receiver of knowledge, in the literature on interorganizational relationships and open innovation, to include the provider, and even suggests some preliminary ideas for such research. Hence, the contribution of this paper lies not only in opening a new research topic but also in identifying some first characteristics of the phenomenon adding a substantial perspective to the literature on open innovation and interorganizational relationships. The paper formulates three indicative recommendations for managers that consider becoming a provider to other firms' NPD. 相似文献
42.
Philip Lund 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》1998,49(3):279-293
Eating-out is generally considered to be of increasing importance as a form of food consumption even though there are differing definitions of its scope. There have recently been some noteworthy additions to the available statistics on eating-out in the UK and these indicate its growth through time and its pattern across society. Eating-out involves a degree of interaction with others and has been studied by sociologists as well as by those whose interest primarily stems from ones in the agri-food chain or in food consumption. It also raises some interesting issues about how ‘externalities’ (and, in particular, those arising from smoking) are best allowed for in circumstances in which both application of the polluter-pays principle and very restrictive regulations may be considered impractical and inappropriate. 相似文献
43.
Comparisons are regularly drawn between the average sizes of farms in particular countries or regions and in different farm-type categories. Indeed average farm size is often considered to explain (or create expectations of) changes or differences in technical or economic efficiency through time or between countries. There are, however, a number of issues involved in specifying what is meant by a farm and in choosing a suitable measure of farm size. These are examined prior to a discussion of various measures of average size, one of which (the mid-aggregate point) is described in some detail. The measures are illustrated with reference to agricultural holdings in England and in the Member States of the European Union. 相似文献
44.
The Relationship between Animal Welfare and Economic Performance at Farm Level: A Quantitative Study of Danish Pig Producers 下载免费PDF全文
Arne Henningsen Tomasz Gerard Czekaj Björn Forkman Mogens Lund Aske Schou Nielsen 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2018,69(1):142-162
We propose a theoretical framework for the relationship between animal welfare and the economic performance of livestock farms. We empirically analyse this relationship based on a unique dataset of randomly sampled Danish pig herds that includes information from unannounced inspections of the compliance with the animal welfare legislation. We find large variations in economic performance and animal welfare. The relationship between these two indicators is rather weak, but tends to be slightly positive. A possible explanation for our results is that management has a major influence on both economic performance and animal welfare so that good farm managers are able to meet all animal welfare regulations, while achieving a high economic performance. 相似文献
45.
Frances Lund 《Development Southern Africa》1999,16(1):55-67
The aim of this article is to identify some of the difficult areas in researching the South African social security system, and to offer suggestions as to the kind of further research that is needed to improve our understanding over time. The article starts with a brief ‘tour’ through some of the articles dealing with the subject that have already appeared in Development South Africa, with a view to showing their relationship to each other and to the main data sets which have been used. This is followed by sections on the size of pension income relative to other sources of income; the use of the term ‘transfer income'; the relationship between policy design and socio‐economic behaviour; and some difficulties when comparing different government expenditures on welfare. It is hoped that this will contribute to a more careful analysis and interpretation of existing research, as well as the more precise formulation of social security research in future. 相似文献
46.
In contrast to optimistic interpretations of contemporary work reorganisation, the example of computerised work monitoring in US and Australian grocery warehousing highlights a far more negative picture of work intensification, job stress and low trust relations. Despite significant variation in trade union response, the article argues such examples reinforce the need for strong and independent trade union regulation to limit the worst excesses of workplace rationalisation. 相似文献
47.
The tension between external forces for better ethics in organizations, represented by legislation such as the Sarbanes–Oxley
Act (SOX), and the call for internal forces represented by increased educational coverage, has never been as apparent. This
study examines business school faculty attitudes about recent corporate ethics lapses, including opinions about root causes,
potential solutions, and ethics coverage in their courses. In assessing root causes, faculty point to a failure of systems
such as legal/professional and management (external) and declining personal values (internal). We also found that faculty
recommend external forces as a remedy more often than increased ethics educational coverage; we contextualize this finding
with recent ethics education literature. We conclude by proposing that neither legislation nor ethics education alone are
complete when addressing widespread unethical corporate acts and offer a multi-faceted approach to ethics educational opportunities.
Jeri Mullins Beggs is an Assistant Professor of Marketing at Illinois State University. She earned her Ph.D. in marketing
at Saint Louis University. Her current research interests are ethics education, health care marketing, and social marketing.
Her work has been presented and published at various conferences and journals including most recently the Journal of Management Education, Marketing and Public Policy conference and the Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction, and Complaining Behavior conference.
She also recently served as co-editor of a special issue of Journal of Management Education on Teaching Business ethics.
Kathy Lund Dean is a member of the management department at Idaho State University. She earned her Ph.D. in organizational
behavior and philosophy from Saint Louis University. Her current research interests lie in operationalizing non-traditional
research methodologies, immersion pedagogies such as service-learning, and spiritual wholeness and authenticity in work place.
Her research has appeared in multiple journals including Journal of Management Education, Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Religion, Journal of Organizational Change Management,
International Journal of Public Administration, and Academy of Management Executive. She serves as the Associate Editor for the Journal of Management Education. 相似文献
48.
Traditionally, the debate over welfare reform has been infused with passion and driven by ideology, but reform itself has
proceeded in careful steps. In recent years, however, the status quo has been dramatically altered as the need for fundamental
change has become apparent as the starting point for reform. Using the state of Wisconsin’s aggressive approach to welfare
reform as a model of what is administratively possible, we portray reform as an n-person iterated coordination game in order
to examine potential outcomes under the larger rubric of ratinal decision-making and utility maximization. In so doing, we
demonstrate that game theory offers an alternative framework for dissecting and discussing complex social issues such as welfare
reform. 相似文献
49.
当阿拉伯投资者收购西方企业的股份时,西方各国的监管者可能会担忧,然而,巨大的石油美元储备已经使利率保持低水平并支持了金融资产。那么,石油美元剧增更广泛的影响是什么呢? 相似文献
50.