中国出口增速放缓与区域劳动力市场就业调整

文章利用2010-2015年中国海关数据库与2012年、2014年和2016年中国劳动力动态调查数据,构建了城市出口增速放缓指标及基于全球总体贸易需求下降的Bartik工具变量,从多维视角有效识别了中国出口增速放缓对区域劳动力市场就业调整的影响效应.研究发现:出口增速放缓显著降低了当地15-64岁劳动力参与工作的概率,出口增长幅度每下降1000美元/人,当地劳动力就业概率则下降3.7％.出口增速放缓使得劳动力在不同部门与不同就业身份之间进行重新配置,制造业和雇员就业概率下降,而服务业和自雇身份就业概率则上升,从而产生就业调整效应.机制检验表明,出口增速放缓对当地可贸易部门的企业绩效造成负面冲击,继而以降低劳动力需求来推动就业调整;而非贸易部门的企业绩效则在一定程度上缓冲了这一冲击.另外,基于当地劳动力失业原因与求职表现的研究进一步为这一机制提供了间接证据.上述研究结论为我国有效化解贸易风险和深入推进就业优先的双重战略目标提供了理论支持和经验证据.     

中国电解铝行业市场支配力变迁的实证研究——基于2002—2009年的数据

选取2002—2009年中国电解铝行业的月度数据,以Baker和McGahan的NEIO模型为基础,利用未预期的负冲击是否会导致卡特尔厂商对竞争对手的欺诈行为而打价格战的模型,检验2002—2009年期间串谋等卡特尔行为是否存在。实证结果表明:2006—2009年期间中国电解铝行业存在明显的市场支配力,而不能确定2002—2005年市场支配力是否存在;2006—2009期间的平均市场支配力比2002—2005年高出0.3。提出行业本身属性、政府政策的引导、大企业保持额外产能是导致这种差距的三个主要原因。     

大型矿井动力操控员工安全心理参数探究

随着矿产资源不断向地层深部开采,矿井亦不断延伸,尤其是千米深井日渐增多,矿井动力提升速度和提升功能不断加快、增强,矿井数字化水平提高,对矿井动力操控员工的心理反应能力、注意能力、时空判断能力等一系列心理素质水平的要求不断增强。员工的反应准确性、注意集中和分配能力及情绪稳定性和人格状况是构成影响员工操控行为安全稳定的核心心理品质。探究矿井动力提升系统操控员工的各项安全心理阈限值及其安全心理参数标准,建立员工安全心理选拔准入制,是保障矿井人一机和谐安全运行的重要措施。     

创新网络领域知识主题研究述评

在知识经济时代,创新网络在企业创新中扮演着重要角色,而研究网络中知识要素的产生、传播、吸收等问题对了解企业网络化创新具有重要意义。基于国内外核心文献数据库,收集创新网络领域知识要素相关文献,并结合文献计量分析方法,对该领域近30年有关知识主题研究的演化规律、整体趋势等进行梳理。结果表明,国内外研究年度发文量均呈现3个阶段变化趋势,且分别拥有各自重要载文期刊,国内研究已形成核心团队,而国外并未形成;国内外研究既有相同之处,也存在差异性,且均形成较为清晰的研究框架;在演化规律上,国内横向拓展和纵向深化研究特征显著,而国外更加注重纵向深入探索分析,研究内容也更加分散;在未来前沿热点分析上,中外学者关注内容既有相同点,也有不同点,知识协同、知识惯例、企业数字化转型对知识影响的研究是未来关注重点。     

基于项目驱动教学法的《模拟导游》课程考核体系构建

《模拟导游》是旅游管理专业的一门核心技能课程,基于课程应用项目驱动教学法的教学改革要求,重新构建以重过程评价、重职业能力、重课外参与的三元制考核评价体系对《模拟导游》课程改革的完善具有现实意义。通过学生学习情况的分析和问卷调查方法进行实证研究发现,该考核体系能达到提高学生的学习约束力、促进学习效果的目的,普遍为学生接受。     

International R&D Networks

This paper considers the Goyal and Moraga‐Gonzalez (2001 ) model of strategic R&D collaboration networks in the open economy framework. The R&D is the d'Aspremont and Jacquemin (1988 ) process innovation and collaboration takes the form of research joint ventures (RJV) in which firms cooperate in R&D but compete in product markets. Countries decide whether to establish free‐trade links while firms decide whether and with whom to form RJVs. A double‐layer pairwise stability concept is introduced to characterize equilibrium network structures. In contrast with conventional wisdom, it is shown that global free trade generally reduces collaborative R&D levels. We give conditions for which pairwise stable R&D networks are welfare maximizing. Stability and efficiency are congruent when R&D cost is either too high or too low. A large public spillover effect is detrimental to an R&D network when trade networks are regional.     

When Auditors Say ‘No,’ Does the Market Listen?

Previous research on whether the market responds to auditors’ opinions has provided mixed results. We revisit this issue in China, where individual investors who are more likely to neglect value-relevant information dominate the stock market. In addition to going concern opinions (GCOs), China permits modified audit opinions (MAOs) on violations of accounting standards or disclosure rules (GAAP/DISC MAOs), providing an opportunity not available in the literature to enrich the study of audit-opinion pricing. We find that, ceteris paribus, MAO recipients underperform in the future and have a higher incidence of adverse outcomes such as misreporting and stock delisting, and the market reacts negatively to MAOs during the short window around MAO disclosure. Importantly, MAO disclosure is not followed by negative long-term stock returns, suggesting stock price adjustments to MAOs are speedy and unbiased. These findings hold for both GCOs and GAAP/DISC MAOs. Together, our findings support the informativeness of audit opinions and cast doubt on the argument that investors inefficiently price audit opinions due to information-processing bias.     

A Novel Compact Cat Swarm Optimization Based on Differential Method

ABSTRACT

A compact cat swarm optimization scheme (cCSO) is proposed in this paper, which is designed to solve application domains plagued with limited memory and less-computation power, as a member of cat swarm optimization algorithms (CSO), it composes of two sub-modes, i.e., tracing and seeking modes, so it keeps the same search logic of CSO. On the other hand, cCSO inherits the main feature of compact algorithms, a normal probabilistic model is used to represent the population of solutions instead of processing an actual population, which ensures the cCSO to have the modest memory requirement. The updating vector for the probabilistic model provides a clear moving direction for cats in next step. A cat without historical position and velocity is applied in the algorithm. When the cat is in seeking mode, it employs a differential operator to update the cat’s position, which makes it possible for the cat to have multiple searching directions. Experimental results show that cCSO has pretty performance compared with respect to some population-based testing benchmarks. And it also shows superior performance in convergence rate to some compact optimization algorithms. The case study of gray image segmentation proves that it suits for solving the optimization problem by limited hardware.     

新零售下社区生鲜配送模式的综合评价

新零售模式下社区生鲜“最后500m”的冲刺已成为生鲜农产品快速配送的关键问题。基于目前已有的配送模式:“社区+便利店”模式、第三方配送以及众包模式,通过层次分析法从服务水平、配送成本、客户体验三个方面对三种配送模式进行量化分析,得出每种配送模式在各层次的权重。研究结果表明配送中降低配送成本是关键,减少货物赔损率、提高客户满意度才能实现有效率的配送。