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181.
Concepción Varela-Neira Rodolfo Vázquez-Casielles Víctor Iglesias 《Journal of Financial Services Marketing》2010,15(1):32-48
The aim of this article is to explore the relationship between the type of service failure, age and the customer's negative emotions after a service failure; as well as the relationship between these emotions, the recovery strategies executed and service recovery satisfaction. The proposed model is tested on a sample of financial services customers who suffered some type of failure. The results indicate that the customer's age has a negative impact on the intensity of the negative emotions experienced after a service failure. In addition, the type of service failure (process or outcome) interacts with the age variable on its effect on these negative emotions. Finally, results also show that recovery strategies offset the negative effect of negative emotions on customer satisfaction and that a compensation strategy is more efficient if offered quickly. 相似文献
182.
Katja Hanewald 《保险科学杂志》2010,99(2):211-229
Using German data over the period 1956–2006, this study provides a comprehensive empirical analysis of factors driving aggregate
mortality rates over time. It differs from previous contributions in this field by simultaneously considering an extensive
set of macroeconomic, socioeconomic, and ecological factors as explanatory variables. Our regression analysis shows that sex-
and age-specific mortality rates vary substantially in their response to external factors. Strongest associations are found
with changes in real GDP, flu epidemics, and the two lifestyle variables—alcohol and cigarette consumption—in both univariate
and multivariate setups. Further analysis indicates that these effects are primarily contemporary, whereas other indicators,
such as weather conditions, exert lagged effects. We derive optimal multivariate models for every age group that provide a
good fit to the observed variation in annual mortality rates, and thereby confirm the relevance of the identified factors. 相似文献
183.
Dorothea Diers 《保险科学杂志》2010,98(5):517-540
Management requires internal models, which will usually span a period of several years (such as five), for analysing the financial situation of the insurance company and supporting strategic value- and risk-based company management. Catastrophe risks play an important role in risk management as a substantial share of the company’s entire risk capital is committed to natural catastrophes. So the article aims to compare two approaches in modelling storm loss in the context of applicability in strategic management. Concretely modelling deductibles in storm insurance is shown using the mathematical statistical approach. A case study will analyse various strategies and their effects on the insurance company’s single and multi-year risk-return position using example data where risk is dominated by catastrophes in order to give a concrete idea for the use of multi-period internal models in the context of management. 相似文献
184.
Wayne R. Archer David C. Ling Brent C Smith 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2010,40(1):41-61
Turnover rates are important as determinants of the level of activity in housing related industries, in effecting housing
market adjustments, and in revealing prices in illiquid, highly segmented, informationally inefficient housing markets. This
study examines the relative influence of structure features, tenure, household characteristics and neighborhood factors on
ownership turnover rates. The study exploits a Chicago database of just under 50,000 paired sales of attached housing units,
with at least one of the sales occurring between 1992 and June of 2002. Within the framework of a Cox proportional hazard
model, we focus on a number of factors affecting turnover rates, including whether the housing unit is owner-occupied or rented
at the time of sale, price at the time of sale, unit size, age, location in a tax increment financing district, housing density,
structure size, year of sale, and neighborhood within Chicago (by Community Area). Finding strong spatial segmentation in
turnover (hazard) rates, we further examine the capacity of four sets of Census-derived variables to explain the spatial variation.
The household characteristics offer decidedly the strongest power in explaining the segmentation. Results from the hazard
model, combined with results from the analysis of spatial variation suggest a household life cycle model of variation in turnover
rates. 相似文献
185.
Hua Sun 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2010,40(4):387-411
This paper proposes a model which examines the power of monitoring and forcing contract on improving managerial efficiency. We put particular focus on its implication regarding the choice of advisor type used by REITs. This question has long been a puzzling one in real estate literature. Our model provides a theoretical justification regarding the potential appeal of external managerial structure, which is usually regarded as being inferior to internal managerial structure. A crucial driving force regarding advisor choice is the heterogeneity on monitoring power between internal and external advisors and across REIT firms. Provided that the gap of monitoring power is large enough between internal and external advisors, shareholders could make use of the heterogeneity, and induce higher effort levels from external advisors. We motivate the rationale for expecting a “monitoring advantage” over external management from two aspects: the dual-role of external advisory firm and a bigger reputational cost associated with external advisor. Furthermore, we are able to specify the range within which an improved monitoring power is Pareto-optimal for both REIT shareholders and advisors. One implication is that, as agents, it may also be to the benefit of advisors to be better monitored. Finally, we compare the difference between fixed and stochastic forcing contracts. Our findings show that with their imperfect performance measures, the stochastic forcing contracts always dominate the fixed one. 相似文献
186.
Ahmad Ismail 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》2010,35(4):411-429
The study examines whether prestigious investment banks deliver quality gains to their clients in a sample of 6,379 US M&A
deals. It finds that acquirers advised by tier-one advisors lost more than $42 billion, whereas those advised by tier-two
advisors gained $42 billion, whereas those advised by tier-two
advisors gained 13.5 billion at the merger announcement. The results were mainly driven by the large loss deals advised by
tier-one advisors. The evidence indicates that investment banks might have different incentives when they advise on large
deals vs. small deals. The results imply that market share based reputation league tables, could be misleading and therefore,
the selection of investment banks should be based on their track record in generating gains to their clients. The findings
were consistent with the superior deal hypothesis as tier-one target advisors outperformed tier-two advisors and the existence
of a prestigious advisor on at least one side of an M&A transaction resulted in higher wealth gains to the combined entity.
Target advisors were able to extract more wealth gains for their clients, which led to higher combined gains at the expense
of the acquirer. 相似文献
187.
Kit Pong Wong 《Annals of Finance》2010,6(3):335-356
This paper examines the interaction between investment and financing decisions of a firm using a real options approach. The
firm is endowed with a perpetual option to invest in a project at any time by incurring an irreversible investment cost at
that instant. The amount of the irreversible investment cost is directly related to the intensity of investment that is endogenously
chosen by the firm. At the investment instant, the firm can finance the project by issuing debt and equity, albeit subject
to an exogenously given credit constraint that prohibits the firm’s debt-to-asset ratio from exceeding a prespecified threshold.
The optimal capital structure of the firm is determined by the trade-off between interest tax-shield benefits and bankruptcy
costs of debt. Irrespective of whether the exogenously given credit constraint is binding or not, we show that leverage has
no impact on the firm’s optimal investment intensity, thereby rendering the neutrality of debt in investment intensity. Similar
to earlier work, we show that debt is not neutral to investment timing in general, and the levered firm invests earlier than
the unlevered firm in particular. 相似文献
188.
A version of the fundamental theorem of asset pricing is proved for continuous asset prices with small proportional transaction
costs. Equivalence is established between: (a) the absence of arbitrage with general strategies for arbitrarily small transaction
costs ${\varepsilon > 0}${\varepsilon > 0}, (b) the absence of free lunches with bounded risk for arbitrarily small transaction costs ${\varepsilon > 0}${\varepsilon > 0}, and (c) the existence of e{\varepsilon}-consistent price systems—the analogue of martingale measures under transaction costs—for arbitrarily small ${\varepsilon > 0}${\varepsilon > 0}. The proof proceeds through an explicit construction, as opposed to the usual separation arguments. The paper concludes comparing
numéraire-free and numéraire-based notions of admissibility, and the corresponding martingale and local martingale properties
for consistent price systems. 相似文献
189.
A Spatial Autocorrelation Approach for Examining the Effects of Urban Greenspace on Residential Property Values 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Delores Conway Christina Q. Li Jennifer Wolch Christopher Kahle Michael Jerrett 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2010,41(2):150-169
This paper presents spatially explicit analyses of the greenspace contribution to residential property values in a hedonic
model. The paper utilizes data from the housing market near downtown Los Angeles. We first used a standard hedonic model to
estimate greenspace effects. Because the residuals were spatially autocorrelated, we implemented a spatial lag model as indicated
by specification tests. Our results show that neighborhood greenspace at the immediate vicinity of houses has a significant
impact on house prices even after controlling for spatial autocorrelation. The different estimation results from non-spatial
and spatial models provide useful bounds for the greenspace effect. Greening of inner city areas may provide a valuable policy
instrument for elevating depressed housing markets in those areas. 相似文献
190.
Xiaoquan Jiang 《Financial Markets and Portfolio Management》2010,24(2):107-135
This paper proposes a two-factor asset-pricing model that incorporates market return and return dispersion. Consistent with this model, we find that stocks with higher sensitivities to return dispersion have higher average returns, and that return dispersion carries a significant positive price of risk. In particular, the return dispersion factor dominates the book-to-market factor in explaining cross-sectional expected returns. The return dispersion model outperforms the CAPM, MVM, IVM, and FF-3M when using a set of 5×5 test portfolios constructed from NYSE and AMEX stock returns from August 1963 to December 2005. Return dispersion continues to play an important role in explaining the cross-sectional variation of expected returns, even when market volatility, idiosyncratic volatility, size, book-to-market factors, and a momentum factor are included. This study sheds some light on the ability of return dispersion to explain expected returns beyond the standard asset-pricing factors. Our finding suggests that return dispersion captures two dimensions of systematic risk: the business cycle and fundamental economic restructuring. 相似文献